C# Socket通信
Socket简介
Socket又称套接字，它是处于应用层和传输层之间的一个抽象接口。它封装了TCP/UDP等的底层协议，通过它我们就可以实现应用程序或者进程之间（它们可以处在网络上的不同位置）的通信。
Socket的表示方法
因为Socket是两个程序之间的通信，只需要给定IP地址和端口号就可以进行通信。
Socket= （IP，PORT）
Socket（TCP）的工作流程
可以看到，总的工作流程就是：
- 服务端监听
- 客户端（可以有多个）请求连接
- 确认连接进行通信
针对服务器端的工作流程是：
- 建立Socket对象
- Bind(ip, port)绑定端口。比如说本地的(127.0.0.1, 6666)
- Listen()开始监听
- Accept(）接受客户端连接
- Send（）和Receive（）进行通信
- Close()关闭套接字
而针对客户端的工作流程是：
- 建立Socket对象
- Connet(ip, port)向某个IP下的PORT端口发起连接请求，接受后开始通信
- Send()和Receive（）进行通信
- Close() 关闭套接字
关于IPAddress.Parse("127.0.0.1") 和 Address.Any的问题，详见；
https://blog.csdn.net/u010178308/article/details/77650919
代码下载：https://github.com/urahyou/C-Sharp-Socket-example/tree/master
Server端代码：
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Net.Sockets;
using System.Net;
using System.Threading;
namespace socket
{
class Program
{
static Socket serverSocket;
static void Main(string[] args)
{
SetListen(); //开始监听
}
static void SetListen()
{
serverSocket = new Socket(AddressFamily.InterNetwork, SocketType.Stream, ProtocolType.Tcp);
try
{
//这里最好改成IPAddress.Any, 这样放到服务器上就会同时监听所有网卡上的端口，比如有内外双网的服务器
serverSocket.Bind(new IPEndPoint(IPAddress.Parse("127.0.0.1"), 8888));
serverSocket.Listen(2);
Thread thread = new Thread(Listen);
thread.Start(serverSocket);
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
Console.WriteLine(ex.Message);
}
}
static void Listen(object so)
{
Socket serverSocket = so as Socket;
while (true)
{
try
{
Socket clientSocket = serverSocket.Accept(); //接受客户端接入
// 获取链接IP地址
string clientPoint = clientSocket.RemoteEndPoint.ToString();
//开启新线程来不停接受信息
Thread rec = new Thread(Receive);
rec.Start(clientSocket);
//开启新线程来不停发送信息
Thread sen = new Thread(Send);
sen.Start(clientSocket);
}
catch(Exception ex)
{
Console.WriteLine(ex.Message, ex);
break;
}
}
serverSocket.Close();
}
static void Receive(object so)
{
Socket clientSocket = so as Socket;
string clientPoint = clientSocket.RemoteEndPoint.ToString();
while (true)
{
try
{
byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
int len = clientSocket.Receive(buffer);
//Console.WriteLine(len.ToString(), buffer);
if (len == 0) break;
string msg = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(buffer, 0, len);
Console.WriteLine("客户端说："+ msg);
}
catch(Exception ex)
{
Console.WriteLine(ex);
}
}
}
static void Send(object so)
{
Socket clientSocket = so as Socket;
while (true)
{
//获取控制台输入
string input = Console.ReadLine();
byte[] msg = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(input);
clientSocket.Send(msg);
}
}
}
}
Client端代码
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Net;
using System.Net.Sockets;
using System.Threading;
namespace socket_client
{
class Program
{
static Socket clientSocket;
static void Main(string[] args)
{
Socket clientSocket = new Socket(AddressFamily.InterNetwork, SocketType.Stream, ProtocolType.Tcp);
//连接
Connect();
}
//连接客户端，连接后开始监听发送过来的消息并且把输入的信息发给服务端
static void Connect()
{
clientSocket = new Socket(AddressFamily.InterNetwork, SocketType.Stream, ProtocolType.Tcp);
try
{
//连接
clientSocket.Connect(new IPEndPoint(IPAddress.Parse("127.0.0.1"), 8888));
//独立线程来接受来自服务端的数据
Thread receive = new Thread(Receive);
receive.Start(clientSocket);
//独立线程来发送数据给服务端
Thread send = new Thread(Send);
send.Start(clientSocket);
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
Console.WriteLine(ex.Message);
}
}
static void Receive(object so)
{
Socket clientSocket = so as Socket;
while (true)
{
Console.ForegroundColor = ConsoleColor.Green; // 修改文字颜色为绿色
try
{
byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
int len = clientSocket.Receive(buffer);
if (len > 0)
{
string msg = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(buffer);
Console.WriteLine("服务端说："+ msg);
}
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
Console.WriteLine(ex);
break;
}
}
clientSocket.Close();
}
static void Send(object so)
{
Socket clientSocket = so as Socket;
while (true) // 监听键盘输入
{
Console.ForegroundColor = ConsoleColor.Red;
//获取键盘输入
string input = Console.ReadLine();
//编码
byte[] buffer = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(input);
//发送
clientSocket.Send(buffer);
}
}
}
}
