流程图简介

什么是流程图? 

流程图是描述过程、系统或计算机算法的图表。它们广泛用于多个领域,以清晰、易于理解的图表记录、研究、计划、改进和交流通常复杂的过程。流程图,有时拼写为流程图,使用矩形、椭圆形、菱形和可能的许多其他形状来定义步骤的类型,并使用连接箭头来定义流程和顺序。它们的范围可以从简单的手绘图表到描绘多个步骤和路线的综合计算机绘制图表。如果我们考虑所有各种形式的流程图,它们是地球上最常见的图表之一,被众多领域的技术人员和非技术人员使用。

流程图是一个图表,直观地显示了通过处理系统的数据流。这意味着通过查看流程图,可以了解系统中执行的操作以及这些操作的顺序。算法只是解决问题的一系列步骤。因此,可以使用流程图来表示算法。流程图将描述解决给定问题所需的操作(以及顺序)。您可以将流程图视为解决问题的设计蓝图。

例如,假设你要和你的朋友去野餐,然后你计划你将在那里进行的活动。如果你有一个活动计划,那么你清楚地知道什么时候你会做什么活动。同样地,当你有一个问题要用计算机解决,或者换句话说,你需要为一个问题编写一个计算机程序,那么在编写计算机程序之前画一个流程图就好了。流程图是根据定义的规则绘制的。

流程图有时会被称为更专业的名称,例如Process Flowchart、流程图、功能流程图、业务流程映射、业务流程建模和符号 (BPMN) 或流程流程图 (PFD)。它们与其他流行的图表相关,例如数据流图 (DFD) 和统一建模语言 (UML) 活动图。

 

 

流程图通常用于绘制程序逻辑图。图1所示为一个示例流程图。此图表适用于确保输出为偶数的程序。如果读取奇数,则增加1;只剩下偶数。这种类型的图表有助于规划或解释程序的逻辑细节。此外,流程图还可用于记录其他顺序计划,例如业务流程。

 

流程图只是步骤的图形表示。它按顺序显示步骤,广泛用于呈现算法、工作流程或流程的流程。通常,流程图将步骤显示为各种类型的框,并通过用箭头连接它们来显示它们的顺序。

流程图示例

什么是流程图?

流程图是步骤的图形表示。它起源于计算机科学,作为表示算法和编程逻辑的工具,但已扩展到用于所有其他类型的过程。如今,流程图在显示信息和辅助推理方面发挥着极其重要的作用。它们帮助我们可视化复杂的过程,或明确问题和任务的结构。流程图还可用于定义要实施的流程或项目。

流程图符号

不同的流程图形状具有不同的常规含义。一些比较常见的形状的含义如下:

终结者

终止符代表系统的起点或终点。

流程图符号:终结者

过程

一个框表示一些特定的操作。

流程图符号:过程

文档

这表示打印输出,例如文档或报告。

流程图符号:文档

决定

菱形代表决策或分支点。从菱形中出来的线条表示不同的可能情况,导致不同的子过程。

流程图符号:决策

数据

它代表进入或离开系统的信息。输入可能是来自客户的订单。输出可以是要交付的产品。

流程图符号:数据

页面参考

这个符号里面会包含一个字母。它表示流程继续在同一页面上其他地方包含相同字母的匹配符号上。

流程图符号:页面参考

页外参考

这个符号里面会包含一个字母。它表示流程继续在不同页面上其他地方包含相同字母的匹配符号上。

流程图符号:离页参考

延迟或瓶颈

标识延迟或瓶颈。

流程图符号:延迟

流动

线代表流程的顺序和方向的流向。

流程图符号:流程

 

什么时候绘制流程图?

使用流程图有多种好处:

  • 它有助于澄清复杂的过程。
  • 它确定不会为内部或外部客户增加价值的步骤,包括延迟;不必要的储存和运输;不必要的工作、重复和增加的费用;通讯中断。
  • 它帮助团队成员获得对流程的共同理解,并使用这些知识来收集数据、识别问题、集中讨论和识别资源。
  • 它是设计新流程的基础。

 

流程图示例

下面是几个流程图示例。了解如何实际应用流程图。

流程图示例 – 医疗服务

这是一个医院流程图示例,显示了如何处理临床病例。该流程图大量使用决策形状来表示替代流程。

流程图示例:医疗服务

流程图示例——简单算法

流程图也可用于可视化算法,无论其复杂程度如何。下面是一个示例,说明如何使用流程图来显示简单的求和过程。

流程图示例:简单算法

流程图示例 – 计算损益

下面的流程图示例显示了如何计算损益。

流程图示例:计算盈亏

 

More Flowchart Templates and Examples

 

 template: Flowchart Missed Bus Example (Created by InfoART's  marker)

Flowchart Missed Bus Example

 template: Product Inspection Flowchart Example (Created by InfoART's  marker)

Product Inspection Flowchart Example

 template: Filling Order Flowchart Example (Created by InfoART's  marker)

Filling Order Flowchart Example

 template: Linear Flowchart Example (Created by InfoART's  marker)

Linear Flowchart Example

 template: Decision Flowchart Template (Created by InfoART's  marker)

Decision Flowchart Template

 template: Logistic Management System Flowchart Template (Created by InfoART's  marker)

Logistic Management System Flowchart Template

 template: The Burke-Litwin Model (Created by InfoART's  marker)

The Burke-Litwin Model

 template: Flowchart Template (Linear Process) (Created by InfoART's  marker)

Flowchart Template (Linear Process)

 template: Flowchart Template (Recursive) (Created by InfoART's  marker)

Flowchart Template (Recursive)

 template: Flowchart Template (Multiple Paths) (Created by InfoART's  marker)

Flowchart Template (Multiple Paths)

 template: Flowchart Template (Two Paths) (Created by InfoART's  marker)

Flowchart Template (Two Paths)

 template: Cooking an Egg (Created by InfoART's  marker)

Cooking an Egg

 template: Snow Storm Solution (Created by InfoART's  marker)

Snow Storm Solution

 template: Vending Machine (Created by InfoART's  marker)

Vending Machine

 template: Stored Value Smart Card (Created by InfoART's  marker)

Stored Value Smart Card

 template: Healthcare Programme for People Over 40 Years Old (Created by InfoART's  marker)

Healthcare Programme for People Over 40 Years Old

 template: Vacuum Robot (Created by InfoART's  marker)

Vacuum Robot

 template: Pneumatic Door (Created by InfoART's  marker)

Pneumatic Door

 template: Found Food in Fridge (Created by InfoART's  marker)

Found Food in Fridge

 template: Should I Cycle to School Today? (Created by InfoART's  marker)

Should I Cycle to School Today?

 template: Travel Plan (Created by InfoART's  marker)

Travel Plan

 template: Alarm Clock (Created by InfoART's  marker)

Alarm Clock

 template: Crossing Traffic (Created by InfoART's  marker)

Crossing Traffic

 template: Simple Grading System (Created by InfoART's  marker)

Simple Grading System

 template: Product Lanuch Event Planning (Created by InfoART's  marker)

Product Lanuch Event Planning

 template: Criminal Process (Created by InfoART's  marker)

Criminal Process

 template: Student Admission Process (Created by InfoART's  marker)

Student Admission Process

 template: Car Rental Service (Created by InfoART's  marker)

Car Rental Service

 template: Simple Mathematics Algorithm (Created by InfoART's  marker)

Simple Mathematics Algorithm

 template: Fire Evacuation Plan (Created by InfoART's  marker)

Fire Evacuation Plan

 template: Solid Waste Processing (Created by InfoART's  marker)

Solid Waste Processing

 template: Customer Service (Created by InfoART's  marker)

Customer Service

 template: Boarding Plane (Created by InfoART's  marker)

Boarding Plane

 template: Cheque Deposit (Created by InfoART's  marker)

Cheque Deposit

 template: Simple Coffee Machine (Created by InfoART's  marker)

Simple Coffee Machine

 template: Way to Commute (Created by InfoART's  marker)

Way to Commute

 template: Online Shopping Process (Created by InfoART's  marker)

Online Shopping Process

 template: Secondary Education (Created by InfoART's  marker)

Secondary Education

 template: Riding a Train (Created by InfoART's  marker)

Riding a Train

 template: Firmware Update (Created by InfoART's  marker)

Firmware Update

 template: Emergency Hotline (Created by InfoART's  marker)

Emergency Hotline

 template: Starting Franchise (Created by InfoART's  marker)

Starting Franchise

 template: Heater Control (Created by InfoART's  marker)

Heater Control

 template: Computer Diagnosis (Created by InfoART's  marker)

Computer Diagnosis

 template: Supply Request (Created by InfoART's  marker)

Supply Request

 template: Traffic Control (Created by InfoART's  marker)

Traffic Control

 template: Cancer Therapy Process (Created by InfoART's  marker)

Cancer Therapy Process

 template: Airplane Passenger Routine (Created by InfoART's  marker)

Airplane Passenger Routine

 template: Requesting Taxi (Created by InfoART's  marker)

Requesting Taxi

 template: Credit Card Payment Process (Created by InfoART's  marker)

Credit Card Payment Process

 template: Accident Evaluation (Created by InfoART's  marker)

Accident Evaluation

 template: Taxi Driver Workflow (Created by InfoART's  marker)

Taxi Driver Workflow

 template: University Application Process (Created by InfoART's  marker)

University Application Process

 template: Post Operation Recovery (Created by InfoART's  marker)

Post Operation Recovery

 template: Transfer Patient (Created by InfoART's  marker)

Transfer Patient

 template: Login Process (Created by InfoART's  marker)

Login Process

 template: Should I Bring an Umbrella? (Created by InfoART's  marker)

Should I Bring an Umbrella?

 template: Organ Donation (Created by InfoART's  marker)

Organ Donation

 template: Medical Services (Created by InfoART's  marker)

Medical Services

 template: What Schools Am I Qualified to Apply? (Created by InfoART's  marker)

What Schools Am I Qualified to Apply?

 template: Hiring Process (Created by InfoART's  marker)

Hiring Process

 template: Make a Toast (Created by InfoART's  marker)

Make a Toast

 template: Calculate Profit and Loss (Created by InfoART's  marker)

Calculate Profit and Loss

 template: Hand Washing (Created by InfoART's  marker)

Hand Washing

 template: Online Order System (Created by InfoART's  marker)

Online Order System

 template: Linking Flowcharts (Part II) (Created by InfoART's  marker)

Linking Flowcharts (Part II)

 template: Linking Flowcharts (Part I) (Created by InfoART's  marker)

Linking Flowcharts (Part I)

 template: Census with a Article Updated in Wikipedia (Created by InfoART's  marker)

Census with a Article Updated in Wikipedia

 template: Ordering Food (Created by InfoART's  marker)

Ordering Food

 template: A Daily Timetable of a School Boy (Created by InfoART's  marker)

A Daily Timetable of a School Boy

 template: Selection Sort (Created by InfoART's  marker)

Selection Sort

 template: Input Hour Pay (Created by InfoART's  marker)

Input Hour Pay

 template: Withdraw Cash (Created by InfoART's  marker)

Withdraw Cash

 template: Computer Maintenance (Created by InfoART's  marker)

Computer Maintenance

 

 

posted on 2021-11-15 10:19  Lynch_Warren  阅读(645)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报

导航