form的submit()方法不能触发onsubmit事件的解决方法,兼容各版本浏览器。
在处理表单提交的时候遇到一个问题,通常用<input type="submit" value="提交" />按钮来提交form,再监听form的onsubmit事件就能在前端处理表单验证的事情。
<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Document</title> </head> <body> <form id="form" action="http://www.a.com" method="post"> <input type="submit" value="提交" /> </form> <script> var form =document.getElementById("form"); form.onsubmit = function(){ alert("表单提交了") } </script> </body> </html>
以上代码很顺利,没有任何问题。
当用别的元素来触发form的提交时确不会触发onsubmit事件。代码如下:
<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Document</title> </head> <body> <form id="form" action="http://www.a.com" method="post"> <input type="submit" value="提交" /> </form> <a href="javascript:void(0)" id="txtBtn">提交</a> <script> var form =document.getElementById("form"), txtBtn = document.getElementById("txtBtn"); txtBtn.onclick = function(){ form.submit(); } form.onsubmit = function(){ alert("表单提交了") } </script> </body> </html>
当点击a链接的提交时以为会弹出:表单提交了,可是没有,但表单内容是提交了的,但没有触发onsubmit事件。查了下手册,原文如下:
The submit method does not invoke the onsubmit event handler. Call the onsubmit event handler directly. When using Microsoft® Internet Explorer 5.5 and later, you can call the fireEvent method with a value of onsubmit in the sEvent parameter.
关于fireEvent的介绍,可以看这里:http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms536423(v=vs.85).aspx
于是加上fireEvent。
<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Document</title> </head> <body> <form id="form" action="http://www.a.com" method="post"> <input type="submit" value="提交" /> </form> <a href="javascript:void(0)" id="txtBtn">提交</a> <script> var form =document.getElementById("form"), txtBtn = document.getElementById("txtBtn"); txtBtn.onclick = function(){ form.fireEvent('onsubmit'); form.submit(); } form.onsubmit = function(){ alert("表单提交了") } </script> </body> </html>
以上代码如愿的弹出:表单提交了,用a标签提交也能触发onsubmit事件了。
到此为止以为OK了,可是在chrome和firefox下依然不行。百度GOOGLE一翻,找到了解决方法,直接上代码:
<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Document</title> </head> <body> <form id="form" action="http://www.a.com" method="post"> <input type="submit" value="提交" /> </form> <a href="javascript:void(0)" id="txtBtn">提交</a> <script> var form =document.getElementById("form"), txtBtn = document.getElementById("txtBtn"); txtBtn.onclick = function(){ var result; if(form.fireEvent){ //IE浏览器 result=form.fireEvent('onsubmit'); }else{ //FIREFOX\CHROME等标准浏览器 var evt = document.createEvent('HTMLEvents'); evt.initEvent('submit',false,true); result=form.dispatchEvent(evt); } if(result){ form.submit(); } } form.onsubmit = function(){ alert("表单提交了") } </script> </body> </html>
完美解决问题,各浏览器下表现一致了!
关于firefox,chrome等标准浏览器的实现中所用到的方法,具体描述看下面几个链接:
http://www.w3school.com.cn/xmldom/met_document_createevent.asp
http://www.w3school.com.cn/xmldom/met_element_dispatchevent.asp
http://www.w3school.com.cn/jsref/event_initevent.asp