springboot集成Kafka
kafka和MQ的区别:
1)在架构模型方面,
RabbitMQ遵循AMQP协议,RabbitMQ的broker由Exchange,Binding,queue组成,其中exchange和binding组成了消息的路由键;客户端Producer通过连接channel和server进行通信,Consumer从queue获取消息进行消费(长连接,queue有消息会推送到consumer端,consumer循环从输入流读取数据)。rabbitMQ以broker为中心;有消息的确认机制。
kafka遵从一般的MQ结构,producer,broker,consumer,以consumer为中心,消息的消费信息保存的客户端consumer上,consumer根据消费的点,从broker上批量pull数据;无消息确认机制。
2)在吞吐量,
rabbitMQ在吞吐量方面稍逊于kafka,他们的出发点不一样,rabbitMQ支持对消息的可靠的传递,支持事务,不支持批量的操作;基于存储的可靠性的要求存储可以采用内存或者硬盘。
kafka具有高的吞吐量,内部采用消息的批量处理,zero-copy机制,数据的存储和获取是本地磁盘顺序批量操作,具有O(1)的复杂度,消息处理的效率很高。
3)在可用性方面,
rabbitMQ支持miror的queue,主queue失效,miror queue接管。
kafka的broker支持主备模式。
4)在集群负载均衡方面,
rabbitMQ的负载均衡需要单独的loadbalancer进行支持。
kafka采用zookeeper对集群中的broker、consumer进行管理,可以注册topic到zookeeper上;通过zookeeper的协调机制,producer保存对应topic的broker信息,可以随机或者轮询发送到broker上;并且producer可以基于语义指定分片,消息发送到broker的某分片上。
转载:https://www.cnblogs.com/csuliujia/p/9379402.html
Springboot集成kafka代码展示:
对象:
package com.example.demo; import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSON; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.kafka.core.KafkaTemplate; import org.springframework.stereotype.Component; @Component public class Product { @Autowired private KafkaTemplate kafkaTemplate; public void send(String name){ User u=new User(); u.setName(name); u.setAge(11); kafkaTemplate.send("user", JSON.toJSONString(u)); } }
生产者:
package com.example.demo; import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSON; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.kafka.core.KafkaTemplate; import org.springframework.stereotype.Component; @Component public class Product { @Autowired private KafkaTemplate kafkaTemplate; public void send(String name){ User u=new User(); u.setName(name); u.setAge(11); kafkaTemplate.send("user", JSON.toJSONString(u)); } }
消费者:
package com.example.demo; import org.apache.kafka.clients.consumer.ConsumerRecord; import org.springframework.kafka.annotation.KafkaListener; import org.springframework.stereotype.Component; import java.util.Optional; @Component public class Consumer { @KafkaListener(topics = "user") public void consumer(ConsumerRecord consumerRecord){ Optional<Object> kafkaMassage = Optional.ofNullable(consumerRecord.value()); if(kafkaMassage.isPresent()){ Object o = kafkaMassage.get(); System.out.println(o); } } }
测试:
package com.example.demo; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication; import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication; import javax.annotation.PostConstruct; @SpringBootApplication public class DemoApplication { @Autowired private Product product; @PostConstruct public void init(){ for(int i=0;i<10;i++){ product.send("afs"+i); } } public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(DemoApplication.class, args); } }
配置文件:application.properties
spring.application.name=kafka-user server.port=8080 #============== kafka =================== # 指定kafka 代理地址,可以多个 spring.kafka.bootstrap-servers=localhost:9092 #=============== provider ======================= spring.kafka.producer.retries=0 # 每次批量发送消息的数量 spring.kafka.producer.batch-size=16384 spring.kafka.producer.buffer-memory=33554432 # 指定消息key和消息体的编解码方式 spring.kafka.producer.key-serializer=org.apache.kafka.common.serialization.StringSerializer spring.kafka.producer.value-serializer=org.apache.kafka.common.serialization.StringSerializer #=============== consumer ======================= # 指定默认消费者group id spring.kafka.consumer.group-id=user-log-group spring.kafka.consumer.auto-offset-reset=earliest spring.kafka.consumer.enable-auto-commit=true spring.kafka.consumer.auto-commit-interval=100 # 指定消息key和消息体的编解码方式 spring.kafka.consumer.key-deserializer=org.apache.kafka.common.serialization.StringDeserializer spring.kafka.consumer.value-deserializer=org.apache.kafka.common.serialization.StringDeserializer
配置文件:pom.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <parent> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId> <version>2.1.6.RELEASE</version> <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository --> </parent> <groupId>com.example</groupId> <artifactId>demo</artifactId> <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version> <name>demo</name> <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description> <properties> <java.version>1.8</java.version> </properties> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> <!--引入kafak和spring整合的jar--> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.kafka</groupId> <artifactId>spring-kafka</artifactId> <version>2.2.7.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId> <artifactId>lombok</artifactId> <optional>true</optional> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId> <artifactId>fastjson</artifactId> <version>1.2.44</version> </dependency> </dependencies> <build> <plugins> <plugin> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId> </plugin> </plugins> </build> </project>
注意:此处有版本问题,springboot 2.x得用kafka 2.x
另外:记得开启zookeeper+kafka
安装参考:https://www.cnblogs.com/lnice/p/9668750.html (windows版本)
https://blog.csdn.net/xuzhelin/article/details/71515208 (Linux版本)