mysql 高级表查询示例

Navicat使用

下载地址:https://pan.baidu.com/s/1bpo5mqj

掌握：
#1. 测试+链接数据库
#2. 新建库
#3. 新建表，新增字段+类型+约束
#4. 设计表：外键
#5. 新建查询
#6. 建立表模型

#注意：
批量加注释：ctrl+？键
批量去注释：ctrl+shift+？键

练习题

导出的sql语句代码

/*
数据导入：
Navicat Premium Data Transfer

Source Server         : localhost
Source Server Type    : MySQL
Source Server Version : 50624
Source Host           : localhost
Source Database       : sqlexam

Target Server Type    : MySQL
Target Server Version : 50624
File Encoding         : utf-8

Date: 10/21/2016 06:46:46 AM
*/

SET NAMES utf8;
SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS = 0;

-- ----------------------------
--  Table structure for `class`
-- ----------------------------
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `class`;
CREATE TABLE `class` (
`cid` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`caption` varchar(32) NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`cid`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=5 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

-- ----------------------------
--  Records of `class`
-- ----------------------------
BEGIN;
INSERT INTO `class` VALUES ('1', '三年二班'), ('2', '三年三班'), ('3', '一年二班'), ('4', '二年九班');
COMMIT;

-- ----------------------------
--  Table structure for `course`
-- ----------------------------
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `course`;
CREATE TABLE `course` (
`cid` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`cname` varchar(32) NOT NULL,
`teacher_id` int(11) NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`cid`),
KEY `fk_course_teacher` (`teacher_id`),
CONSTRAINT `fk_course_teacher` FOREIGN KEY (`teacher_id`) REFERENCES `teacher` (`tid`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=5 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

-- ----------------------------
--  Records of `course`
-- ----------------------------
BEGIN;
INSERT INTO `course` VALUES ('1', '生物', '1'), ('2', '物理', '2'), ('3', '体育', '3'), ('4', '美术', '2');
COMMIT;

-- ----------------------------
--  Table structure for `score`
-- ----------------------------
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `score`;
CREATE TABLE `score` (
`sid` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`student_id` int(11) NOT NULL,
`course_id` int(11) NOT NULL,
`num` int(11) NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`sid`),
KEY `fk_score_student` (`student_id`),
KEY `fk_score_course` (`course_id`),
CONSTRAINT `fk_score_course` FOREIGN KEY (`course_id`) REFERENCES `course` (`cid`),
CONSTRAINT `fk_score_student` FOREIGN KEY (`student_id`) REFERENCES `student` (`sid`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=53 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

-- ----------------------------
--  Records of `score`
-- ----------------------------
BEGIN;
INSERT INTO `score` VALUES ('1', '1', '1', '10'), ('2', '1', '2', '9'), ('5', '1', '4', '66'), ('6', '2', '1', '8'), ('8', '2', '3', '68'), ('9', '2', '4', '99'), ('10', '3', '1', '77'), ('11', '3', '2', '66'), ('12', '3', '3', '87'), ('13', '3', '4', '99'), ('14', '4', '1', '79'), ('15', '4', '2', '11'), ('16', '4', '3', '67'), ('17', '4', '4', '100'), ('18', '5', '1', '79'), ('19', '5', '2', '11'), ('20', '5', '3', '67'), ('21', '5', '4', '100'), ('22', '6', '1', '9'), ('23', '6', '2', '100'), ('24', '6', '3', '67'), ('25', '6', '4', '100'), ('26', '7', '1', '9'), ('27', '7', '2', '100'), ('28', '7', '3', '67'), ('29', '7', '4', '88'), ('30', '8', '1', '9'), ('31', '8', '2', '100'), ('32', '8', '3', '67'), ('33', '8', '4', '88'), ('34', '9', '1', '91'), ('35', '9', '2', '88'), ('36', '9', '3', '67'), ('37', '9', '4', '22'), ('38', '10', '1', '90'), ('39', '10', '2', '77'), ('40', '10', '3', '43'), ('41', '10', '4', '87'), ('42', '11', '1', '90'), ('43', '11', '2', '77'), ('44', '11', '3', '43'), ('45', '11', '4', '87'), ('46', '12', '1', '90'), ('47', '12', '2', '77'), ('48', '12', '3', '43'), ('49', '12', '4', '87'), ('52', '13', '3', '87');
COMMIT;

-- ----------------------------
--  Table structure for `student`
-- ----------------------------
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `student`;
CREATE TABLE `student` (
`sid` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`gender` char(1) NOT NULL,
`class_id` int(11) NOT NULL,
`sname` varchar(32) NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`sid`),
KEY `fk_class` (`class_id`),
CONSTRAINT `fk_class` FOREIGN KEY (`class_id`) REFERENCES `class` (`cid`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=17 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

-- ----------------------------
--  Records of `student`
-- ----------------------------
BEGIN;
INSERT INTO `student` VALUES ('1', '男', '1', '理解'), ('2', '女', '1', '钢蛋'), ('3', '男', '1', '张三'), ('4', '男', '1', '张一'), ('5', '女', '1', '张二'), ('6', '男', '1', '张四'), ('7', '女', '2', '铁锤'), ('8', '男', '2', '李三'), ('9', '男', '2', '李一'), ('10', '女', '2', '李二'), ('11', '男', '2', '李四'), ('12', '女', '3', '如花'), ('13', '男', '3', '刘三'), ('14', '男', '3', '刘一'), ('15', '女', '3', '刘二'), ('16', '男', '3', '刘四');
COMMIT;

-- ----------------------------
--  Table structure for `teacher`
-- ----------------------------
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `teacher`;
CREATE TABLE `teacher` (
`tid` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`tname` varchar(32) NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`tid`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=6 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

-- ----------------------------
--  Records of `teacher`
-- ----------------------------
BEGIN;
INSERT INTO `teacher` VALUES ('1', '张磊老师'), ('2', '李平老师'), ('3', '刘海燕老师'), ('4', '朱云海老师'), ('5', '李杰老师');
COMMIT;

SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS = 1;

拷贝上述代码，新建一个.sql文件，保存到桌面

打开navicat新建数据库day41，选中新建的数据库鼠标右键选择运行SQL文件

弹出文件框，选中刚刚保存到桌面的.sql文件即可

快速建表

#准备表、记录  >>> 命令行
mysql> create database db1;
mysql> use db1;
mysql> source /root/init.sql

# navicat建表

练习题

1、查询所有的课程的名称以及对应的任课老师姓名
4、查询平均成绩大于八十分的同学的姓名和平均成绩
7、 查询没有报李平老师课的学生姓名
8、 查询没有同时选修物理课程和体育课程的学生姓名
9、 查询挂科超过两门(包括两门)的学生姓名和班级
# 参考答案
#1、查询所有的课程的名称以及对应的任课老师姓名
SELECT
course.cname,
teacher.tname
FROM
course
INNER JOIN teacher ON course.teacher_id = teacher.tid;
#4、查询平均成绩大于八十分的同学的姓名和平均成绩
SELECT
student.sname,
t1.avg_num
FROM
student
INNER JOIN (
SELECT
  student_id,
  avg(num) AS avg_num
FROM
  score
GROUP BY
  student_id
HAVING
  avg(num) > 80
) AS t1 ON student.sid = t1.student_id;
#7、 查询没有报李平老师课的学生姓名(找出报名李平老师课程的学生，然后取反就可以)
SELECT
student.sname
FROM
student
WHERE
sid NOT IN (
  SELECT DISTINCT
      student_id
  FROM
      score
  WHERE
      course_id IN (
          SELECT
              course.cid
          FROM
              course
          INNER JOIN teacher ON course.teacher_id = teacher.tid
          WHERE
              teacher.tname = '李平老师'
      )
);
#8、 查询没有同时选修物理课程和体育课程的学生姓名(没有同时选修指的是选修了一门的，思路是得到物理+体育课程的学生信息表，然后基于学生分组，统计count(课程)=1)
SELECT
student.sname
FROM
student
WHERE
sid IN (
  SELECT
      student_id
  FROM
      score
  WHERE
      course_id IN (
          SELECT
              cid
          FROM
              course
          WHERE
              cname = '物理'
          OR cname = '体育'
      )
  GROUP BY
      student_id
  HAVING
      COUNT(course_id) = 1
);

# 9、 查询挂科超过两门(包括两门)的学生姓名和班级
select student.sname,class.caption from class INNER JOIN student
	on class.cid = student.class_id
	WHERE student.sid in 
	(select student_id from score where num < 60
	GROUP BY student_id
	HAVING COUNT(course_id) >=2)
	;