实验1 c++

任务1:

task1.cpp

 1 #include <iostream>
 2 #include <string>
 3 #include <vector>
 4 #include <algorithm>
 5 
 6 using namespace std;
 7 
 8 // 声明
 9 // 模板函数声明
10 template<typename T>
11 void output(const T &c);
12 
13 // 普通函数声明
14 void test1();
15 void test2();
16 void test3();
17 
18 int main() {
19     cout << "测试1: \n";
20     test1();
21 
22     cout << "\n测试2: \n";
23     test2();
24 
25     cout << "\n测试3: \n";
26     test3();
27 }
28 
29 // 函数实现
30 // 输出容器对象c中的元素
31 template <typename T>
32 void output(const T &c) {
33     for(auto &i: c)
34         cout << i << " ";
35     cout << endl;
36 }
37 
38 // 测试1
39 // 组合使用算法库、迭代器、string反转字符串
40 void test1() {
41     string s0{"0123456789"};
42     cout << "s0 = " << s0 << endl;
43 
44     string s1{s0};
45     reverse(s1.begin(), s1.end());  // 反转指定迭代器区间的元素
46     cout << "s1 = " << s1 << endl;
47 
48     string s2{s0};
49     reverse_copy(s0.begin(), s0.end(), s2.begin()); // 将指定迭代区间的元素拷贝到指定迭代器开始的目标区间,并且在复制过程中反转次序
50     cout << "s2 = " << s2 << endl;
51 }
52 
53 // 测试2
54 // 组合使用算法库、迭代器、vector反转动态数组对象vector内数据
55 void test2() {
56     vector<int> v0{2, 0, 4, 9};
57     cout << "v0: ";
58     output(v0);
59 
60     vector<int> v1{v0};
61     reverse(v1.begin(), v1.end());
62     cout << "v1: ";
63     output(v1);
64 
65     vector<int> v2{v0};
66     reverse_copy(v0.begin(), v0.end(), v2.begin());
67     cout << "v2: ";
68     output(v2);
69 }
70 
71 // 测试3
72 // 组合使用算法库、迭代器、vector实现元素旋转移位
73 void test3() {
74     vector<int> v0{0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9};
75     cout << "v0: ";
76     output(v0);
77 
78     vector<int> v1{v0};
79     rotate(v1.begin(), v1.begin()+1, v1.end());  // 旋转指定迭代器区间[v1.begin(), v1.end())之间的数据项,旋转后从迭代器v1.begin()+1位置的数据项开始
80     cout << "v1: ";
81     output(v1);
82 
83     vector<int> v2{v0};
84     rotate(v2.begin(), v2.begin()+2, v2.end());
85     cout << "v2: ";
86     output(v2);
87 
88     vector<int> v3{v0};
89     rotate(v3.begin(), v3.end()-1, v3.end());
90     cout << "v3: ";
91     output(v3);
92 
93     vector<int> v4{v0};
94     rotate(v4.begin(), v4.end()-2, v4.end());
95     cout << "v4: ";
96     output(v4);
97 }

运行结果:

 

任务2:

task2.cpp

 1 #include <iostream>
 2 #include <vector>
 3 #include <string>
 4 #include <algorithm>
 5 #include <numeric>
 6 #include <iomanip>
 7 
 8 using namespace std;
 9 
10 // 函数声明
11 // 模板函数声明
12 template<typename T>
13 void output(const T &c);
14 
15 // 普通函数声明
16 int rand_int_100();
17 void test1();
18 void test2();
19 
20 int main() {
21     cout << "测试1: \n";
22     test1();
23 
24     cout << "\n测试2: \n";
25     test2();
26 }
27 
28 // 函数实现
29 // 输出容器对象c中的元素
30 template <typename T>
31 void output(const T &c) {
32     for(auto &i: c)
33         cout << i << " ";
34     cout << endl;
35 }
36 
37 // 返回[0, 100]区间内的一个随机整数
38 int rand_int_100() {
39     return rand() % 101;
40 }
41 
42 // 测试1
43 // 对容器类对象指定迭代器区间进行赋值、排序
44 void test1() {
45     vector<int> v0(10);  // 创建一个动态数组对象v0, 对象大小为10
46     generate(v0.begin(), v0.end(), rand_int_100); // 产生[0, 100]之间的随机整数赋值给指定迭代器区间[v0.begin(), v0.end())内的每个数据项
47     cout << "v0: ";
48     output(v0);
49 
50     vector<int> v1{v0};
51     sort(v1.begin(), v1.end()); // 对指定迭代器区间[v1.begin(), v1.end())内数据项进行升序排序
52     cout << "v1: ";
53     output(v1);
54 
55     vector<int> v2{v0};
56     sort(v2.begin()+1, v2.end()-1); // 对指定迭代器区间[v1.begin()+1, v1.end()-1)内数据项进行升序排序
57     cout << "v2: ";
58     output(v2);
59 }
60 
61 // 测试2
62 // 对容器类对象指定迭代器区间进行赋值、计算最大值/最小值/均值
63 void test2() {
64     vector<int> v0(10);  
65     generate(v0.begin(), v0.end(), rand_int_100); 
66     cout << "v0: ";
67     output(v0);
68 
69     auto iter1 = min_element(v0.begin(), v0.end());
70     cout << "最小值: " << *iter1 << endl;
71 
72     auto iter2 = max_element(v0.begin(), v0.end());
73     cout << "最大值: " << *iter2 << endl;
74 
75     auto ans = minmax_element(v0.begin(), v0.end());
76     cout << "最小值: " << *(ans.first) << endl;
77     cout << "最大值: " << *(ans.second) << endl;
78     double avg1 = accumulate(v0.begin(), v0.end(), 0)/v0.size();
79     cout << "均值: " << fixed << setprecision(2) << avg1 << endl;
80 
81     cout << endl;
82 
83     vector<int> v1{v0};
84     cout << "v0: ";
85     output(v0);
86     sort(v1.begin(), v1.end());
87     double avg2 = accumulate(v1.begin()+1, v1.end()-1, 0)/(v1.size()-2);
88     cout << "去掉最大值、最小值之后,均值: " << avg2 << endl;
89 }

运行结果:

 

 

任务3:

task3.cpp

 1 #include <iostream>
 2 #include <string>
 3 #include <algorithm>
 4 
 5 bool is_palindrome(std::string s);
 6 
 7 int main() {
 8     using namespace std;
 9     string s;
10 
11     while(cin >> s)  // 多组输入,直到按下Ctrl+Z后结束测试
12         cout << boolalpha << is_palindrome(s) << endl;
13 }
14 
15 // 函数is_palindrom定义
16 // 待补足
17 bool is_palindrome(std::string s){
18     std::string s2{s};
19     reverse_copy(s.begin(),s.end(),s2.begin());
20     bool flag=false;
21         if(s==s2){
22             flag=true;
23         }        
24     return flag;
25 }

运行结果:

 

任务4:

task4.cpp

 1 #include <iostream>
 2 #include <string>
 3 #include <algorithm>
 4 
 5 std::string dec2n(int x, int n = 2);
 6 
 7 int main() {
 8     using namespace std;
 9 
10     int x;
11     while(cin >> x) {
12         cout << "十进制: " << x << endl;
13         cout << "二进制: " << dec2n(x) << endl;
14         cout << "八进制: " << dec2n(x, 8) << endl;
15         cout << "十六进制: " << dec2n(x, 16) << endl << endl;
16     }
17 }
18 
19 // 函数dec2n定义
20 // 待补足
21 std::string dec2n(int x,int n) {
22     if(x==0){
23         return "0";
24     }
25     std::string s;
26     std::string hex{"0123456789ABCDEF"};
27     if(n!=16){
28         while(x){
29         s+=x%n+'0';
30         x/=n;
31         }
32     }
33     else{
34         while(x){
35             s+=hex.at(x%n);
36             x/=n;
37         }
38     }
39     std::reverse(s.begin(),s.end());
40     return s;
41 }

运行结果:

 

任务5:

task5.cpp

 1 #include <iostream>
 2 #include <algorithm>
 3 #include <iomanip>
 4 #include <vector>
 5 
 6 using namespace std;
 7 
 8 int main(){
 9     vector <char> s{'a','b','c','d','e','f','g','h','i','j','k','l','m','n','o','p','q','r','s','t','u','v','w','x','y','z'};
10     cout<<setw(2)<<' ';
11     for(char const &x:s)
12         cout<<setw(2)<<x;
13     cout<<endl;
14     for(int i=1;i<=26;i++){
15         cout<<setw(2)<<i;
16         rotate(s.begin(),s.begin()+1,s.end());
17         for(char const &x:s)
18             cout<<setw(2)<<char(x-32);
19         cout<<endl;
20     }
21     return 0;
22 }

运行结果:

 

 

任务6:

task6.cpp

 1 #include <iostream>
 2 #include <string> 
 3 #include <stdlib.h>
 4 #include <time.h>
 5 #include <iomanip>
 6 
 7 using namespace std;
 8 
 9 int fun(char f,int n1,int n2){
10     switch(f){
11         case '+':{
12             return n1+n2;
13             break;
14         }
15         case '-':{
16             return n1-n2;
17             break;
18         }
19         case '*':{
20             return n1*n2;
21             break;
22         }
23         case '/':{
24             return n1/n2; 
25             break;
26         }
27     }
28 }
29     
30 int main(){
31     int ans; 
32     double acc=0;
33     string c{"+-*/"};
34     srand((unsigned)time(NULL));
35     for(int i=0;i<10;i++){
36         int rand_num1=rand()%10+1;
37         int rand_num2;
38         char fuhao=c.at(rand()%4);
39         if(fuhao=='-'){
40             rand_num2=rand()%10+1;
41             while(rand_num2==rand_num1)
42                 rand_num2=rand()%10+1;
43             if(rand_num1<rand_num2)
44                 swap(rand_num1,rand_num2);
45         }
46         else if(fuhao=='/'){
47             rand_num2=rand()%10+1;
48             while(rand_num1%rand_num2!=0) {
49                 rand_num2=rand()%10+1;
50             }
51         }
52         else{
53             rand_num2=rand()%10+1;
54         }
55         cout<<rand_num1<<' '<<fuhao<<' '<<rand_num2<<" = ";
56         cin>>ans;
57         if(ans==fun(fuhao,rand_num1,rand_num2))
58             acc++;
59     }
60     acc=acc*10;
61     cout.setf(ios::fixed);
62     cout<<"正确率:"<<setprecision(2)<<acc<<'%'<<endl;
63     
64     return 0;
65 }

运行结果:

实验总结:

1.调用库函数可以更方便、快捷地解决问题;

2.rand函数若没有通过srand使计数器初始化,每次随机的结果会一致;

 

posted @ 2024-10-10 14:05  Tt3n  阅读(11)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报