手势是:连续触碰的行为,比如左右上下滑动屏幕,又或者画一些不规则的几何图形! Android对上述两种手势行为都提供了支持:

Android提供手势检测,并为手势识别提供了相应的监听器!
Android运行开发者自行添加手势,并且提供了相应的API识别用户手势!
官方API文档先:GestureDetector:http://androiddoc.qiniudn.com/reference/android/view/GestureDetector.html
1.Android中手势交互的执行顺序
1.手指触碰屏幕时,触发MotionEvent事件!
2.该事件被OnTouchListener监听,可在它的onTouch()方法中获得该MotionEvent对象!
3.通过GestureDetector转发MotionEvent对象给OnGestureListener
4.我们可以通过OnGestureListener获得该对象,然后获取相关信息,以及做相关处理!
2.GestureListener详解:

按下(onDown): 刚刚手指接触到触摸屏的那一刹那,就是触的那一下。
抛掷(onFling): 手指在触摸屏上迅速移动,并松开的动作。
长按(onLongPress): 手指按在持续一段时间,并且没有松开。
滚动(onScroll): 手指在触摸屏上滑动。
按住(onShowPress): 手指按在触摸屏上,它的时间范围在按下起效,在长按之前。
抬起(onSingleTapUp):手指离开触摸屏的那一刹那。
知道了GestureListener的相关方法后,实现手势检测也很简单,步骤如下:

Step 1: 创建GestureDetector对象,创建时需实现GestureListener传入
Step 2: 将Activity或者特定组件上的TouchEvent的事件交给GestureDetector处理即可! 我们写个简单的代码来验证这个流程,即重写对应的方法:
代码如下:

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    private MyGestureListener mgListener;
    private GestureDetector mDetector;
    private final static String TAG = "MyGesture";

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        //实例化GestureListener与GestureDetector对象
        mgListener = new MyGestureListener();
        mDetector = new GestureDetector(this, mgListener);

    }

    @Override
    public boolean onTouchEvent(MotionEvent event) {
        return mDetector.onTouchEvent(event);
    }

    //自定义一个GestureListener,这个是View类下的,别写错哦!!!
    private class MyGestureListener implements GestureDetector.OnGestureListener {

        @Override
        public boolean onDown(MotionEvent motionEvent) {
            Log.d(TAG, "onDown:按下");
            return false;
        }

        @Override
        public void onShowPress(MotionEvent motionEvent) {
            Log.d(TAG, "onShowPress:手指按下一段时间,不过还没到长按");
        }

        @Override
        public boolean onSingleTapUp(MotionEvent motionEvent) {
            Log.d(TAG, "onSingleTapUp:手指离开屏幕的一瞬间");
            return false;
        }

        @Override
        public boolean onScroll(MotionEvent motionEvent, MotionEvent motionEvent1, float v, float v1) {
            Log.d(TAG, "onScroll:在触摸屏上滑动");
            return false;
        }

        @Override
        public void onLongPress(MotionEvent motionEvent) {
            Log.d(TAG, "onLongPress:长按并且没有松开");
        }

        @Override
        public boolean onFling(MotionEvent motionEvent, MotionEvent motionEvent1, float v, float v1) {
            Log.d(TAG, "onFling:迅速滑动,并松开");
            return false;
        }
    }

}

 

 

3.简单的例子:下滑关闭Activity,上滑启动新的Activity
这里就用上述的SimpleOnGestureListener来实现

 

 

实现代码:

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    private GestureDetector mDetector;
    private final static int MIN_MOVE = 200;   //最小距离
    private MyGestureListener mgListener;


    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        //实例化SimpleOnGestureListener与GestureDetector对象
        mgListener = new MyGestureListener();
        mDetector = new GestureDetector(this, mgListener);
    }

    @Override
    public boolean onTouchEvent(MotionEvent event) {
        return mDetector.onTouchEvent(event);
    }

    //自定义一个GestureListener,这个是View类下的,别写错哦!!!
    private class MyGestureListener extends GestureDetector.SimpleOnGestureListener {

        @Override
        public boolean onFling(MotionEvent e1, MotionEvent e2, float v, float v1) {
            if(e1.getY() - e2.getY() > MIN_MOVE){
                startActivity(new Intent(MainActivity.this, MainActivity.class));
                Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "通过手势启动Activity", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
            }else if(e1.getY() - e2.getY()  < MIN_MOVE){
                finish();
                Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this,"通过手势关闭Activity",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
            }
            return true;
        }
    }

}

 

 

获得GestureLibraries对象后,就可以使用该对象提供的下述方法来做相应操作了:

相关方法:

public void addGesture (String entryName, Gesture gesture):添加一个名为entryName的手势
public Set<String> getGestureEntries ():获得手势库中所有手势的名称
public ArrayList<Gesture> getGestures (String entryName):获得entryName名称对应的全部手势
public ArrayList<Prediction> recognize (Gesture gesture): 从当前手势库中识别与gesture匹配的全部手势
public void removeEntry (String entryName):删除手势库中entryName名称对应的手势
public void removeGesture (String entryName, Gesture gesture):删除手势库中entryName和gesture都匹配的手势
public abstract boolean save ():想手势库中添加手势或从中删除手势后调用该方法保存手势库
GestureOverlayView手势编辑组件:

Android为GestureOverlayView提供了三种监听器接口,如下,一般常用的是:OnGesturePerformedListener;用于手势完成时提供响应!

 

 

两个布局文件:activity_main.xml和dialog_save.xml

activity_main.xml

<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    tools:context=".MainActivity">

    <TextView
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="请在下方屏幕中绘制手势~"
        android:textSize="20sp"/>


    <!-- gestureStrokeType控制手势是否需要一笔完成,multiple表示允许多笔-->
    <android.gesture.GestureOverlayView
        android:id="@+id/gesture"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"
        android:gestureStrokeType="multiple" />

</LinearLayout>
dialog_save.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical">

    <LinearLayout
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:orientation="horizontal">
        <TextView
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:layout_marginRight="8dp"
            android:text="请填写手势名称:"/>
        <EditText
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:id="@+id/edit_name"/>
    </LinearLayout>

    <ImageView
        android:id="@+id/img_show"
        android:layout_width="128dp"
        android:layout_height="128dp"
        android:layout_marginTop="10dp"/>

</LinearLayout>
MainActivity.java:

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    private EditText editText;
    private GestureOverlayView gesture;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        //获取手势编辑组件后,设置相关参数
        gesture = (GestureOverlayView) findViewById(R.id.gesture);
        gesture.setGestureColor(Color.GREEN);
        gesture.setGestureStrokeWidth(5);
        gesture.addOnGesturePerformedListener(new GestureOverlayView.OnGesturePerformedListener() {
            @Override
            public void onGesturePerformed(GestureOverlayView gestureOverlayView, final Gesture gesture) {
                View saveDialog = getLayoutInflater().inflate(R.layout.dialog_save,null,false);
                ImageView img_show = (ImageView) saveDialog.findViewById(R.id.img_show);
                final EditText edit_name = (EditText) saveDialog.findViewById(R.id.edit_name);
                Bitmap bitmap = gesture.toBitmap(128,128,10,0xffff0000);
                img_show.setImageBitmap(bitmap);
                new AlertDialog.Builder(MainActivity.this).setView(saveDialog)
                        .setPositiveButton("保存",new DialogInterface.OnClickListener()
                        {
                            @Override
                            public void onClick(DialogInterface dialogInterface, int i) {
                                //获取文件对应的手势库
                                GestureLibrary gestureLib = GestureLibraries.fromFile("/mnt/sdcard/mygestures");
                                gestureLib.addGesture(edit_name.getText().toString(),gesture);
                                gestureLib.save();
                            }
                        }).setNegativeButton("取消", null).show();
            }
        });
    }
}
最后还需要在AndroidManifest.xml中添加写入SD卡的权限:

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE"/>
6.手势识别示例
实现代码:

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    private GestureOverlayView gesture;
    private GestureLibrary gestureLibrary;
    private Context mContext;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        mContext = MainActivity.this;
        gestureLibrary = GestureLibraries.fromFile("mmt/sdcard/mygestures");
        if (gestureLibrary.load()) {
            Toast.makeText(mContext, "手势库加载成功", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
        } else {
            Toast.makeText(mContext, "手势库加载失败", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
        }

        //获取手势编辑组件后,设置相关参数
        gesture = (GestureOverlayView) findViewById(R.id.gesture);
        gesture.setGestureColor(Color.GREEN);
        gesture.setGestureStrokeWidth(5);
        gesture.addOnGesturePerformedListener(new GestureOverlayView.OnGesturePerformedListener() {
            @Override
            public void onGesturePerformed(GestureOverlayView gestureOverlayView, final Gesture gesture) {
                //识别用户刚绘制的手势
                ArrayList<Prediction> predictions = gestureLibrary.recognize(gesture);
                ArrayList<String> result = new ArrayList<String>();
                //遍历所有找到的Prediction对象
                for (Prediction pred : predictions) {
                    if (pred.score > 2.0) {
                        result.add("与手势【" + pred.name + "】相似度为" + pred.score);
                    }
                }
                if (result.size() > 0) {
                    ArrayAdapter<Object> adapter = new ArrayAdapter<Object>(mContext,
                            android.R.layout.simple_dropdown_item_1line, result.toArray());
                    new AlertDialog.Builder(mContext).setAdapter(adapter,null).setPositiveButton("确定",null).show();
                }else{
                    Toast.makeText(mContext,"无法找到匹配的手势!",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                }
            }
        });
    }
}
另外别忘了在AndroidManifest.xml文件中加入读SD卡的权限:

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE"/>