class MyClass: """一个简单的类实例""" i = 12345 def f(self): return 'hello world' # 实例化类 x = MyClass() # 访问类的属性和方法 print("MyClass 类的属性 i 为:", x.i) print("MyClass 类的方法 f 输出为:", x.f())
def __init__(self): self.data = []
class Complex: def __init__(self, realpart, imagpart): self.r = realpart self.i = imagpart x = Complex(3.0, -4.5) print(x.r, x.i) # 输出结果:3.0 -4.5
class Test: def prt(self): print(self) print(self.__class__) t = Test() t.prt()
class Test: def prt(runoob): print(runoob) print(runoob.__class__) t = Test() t.prt()
#类定义 class people: #定义基本属性 name = '' age = 0 #定义私有属性,私有属性在类外部无法直接进行访问 __weight = 0 #定义构造方法 def __init__(self,n,a,w): self.name = n self.age = a self.__weight = w def speak(self): print("%s 说: 我 %d 岁。" %(self.name,self.age)) # 实例化类 p = people('runoob',10,30) p.speak()
#类定义 class people: #定义基本属性 name = '' age = 0 #定义私有属性,私有属性在类外部无法直接进行访问 __weight = 0 #定义构造方法 def __init__(self,n,a,w): self.name = n self.age = a self.__weight = w def speak(self): print("%s 说: 我 %d 岁。" %(self.name,self.age)) #单继承示例 class student(people): grade = '' def __init__(self,n,a,w,g): #调用父类的构函 people.__init__(self,n,a,w) self.grade = g #覆写父类的方法 def speak(self): print("%s 说: 我 %d 岁了,我在读 %d 年级"%(self.name,self.age,self.grade)) s = student('ken',10,60,3) s.speak()
#类定义 class people: #定义基本属性 name = '' age = 0 #定义私有属性,私有属性在类外部无法直接进行访问 __weight = 0 #定义构造方法 def __init__(self,n,a,w): self.name = n self.age = a self.__weight = w def speak(self): print("%s 说: 我 %d 岁。" %(self.name,self.age)) #单继承示例 class student(people): grade = '' def __init__(self,n,a,w,g): #调用父类的构函 people.__init__(self,n,a,w) self.grade = g #覆写父类的方法 def speak(self): print("%s 说: 我 %d 岁了,我在读 %d 年级"%(self.name,self.age,self.grade)) #另一个类,多重继承之前的准备 class speaker(): topic = '' name = '' def __init__(self,n,t): self.name = n self.topic = t def speak(self): print("我叫 %s,我是一个演说家,我演讲的主题是 %s"%(self.name,self.topic)) #多重继承 class sample(speaker,student): a ='' def __init__(self,n,a,w,g,t): student.__init__(self,n,a,w,g) speaker.__init__(self,n,t) test = sample("Tim",25,80,4,"Python") test.speak() #方法名同,默认调用的是在括号中排前地父类的方法
class Parent: # 定义父类 def myMethod(self): print ('调用父类方法') class Child(Parent): # 定义子类 def myMethod(self): print ('调用子类方法') c = Child() # 子类实例 c.myMethod() # 子类调用重写方法 super(Child,c).myMethod() #用子类对象调用父类已被覆盖的方法
class JustCounter: __secretCount = 0 # 私有变量 publicCount = 0 # 公开变量 def count(self): self.__secretCount += 1 self.publicCount += 1 print (self.__secretCount) counter = JustCounter() counter.count() counter.count() print (counter.publicCount) print (counter.__secretCount) # 报错,实例不能访问私有变量
class Site: def __init__(self, name, url): self.name = name # public self.__url = url # private def who(self): print('name : ', self.name) print('url : ', self.__url) def __foo(self): # 私有方法 print('这是私有方法') def foo(self): # 公共方法 print('这是公共方法') self.__foo() x = Site('菜鸟教程', 'www.runoob.com') x.who() # 正常输出 x.foo() # 正常输出 x.__foo() # 报错
class Vector: def __init__(self, a, b): self.a = a self.b = b def __str__(self): return 'Vector (%d, %d)' % (self.a, self.b) def __add__(self,other): return Vector(self.a + other.a, self.b + other.b) v1 = Vector(2,10) v2 = Vector(5,-2) print (v1 + v2)