吴裕雄--天生自然 PHP开发学习：面向对象

<?php
class Site {
  /* 成员变量 */
  var $url;
  var $title;
  
  /* 成员函数 */
  function setUrl($par){
     $this->url = $par;
  }
  
  function getUrl(){
     echo $this->url . PHP_EOL;
  }
  
  function setTitle($par){
     $this->title = $par;
  }
  
  function getTitle(){
     echo $this->title . PHP_EOL;
  }
}
?>

$runoob = new Site;
$taobao = new Site;
$google = new Site;

// 调用成员函数，设置标题和URL
$runoob->setTitle( "菜鸟教程" );
$taobao->setTitle( "淘宝" );
$google->setTitle( "Google 搜索" );

$runoob->setUrl( 'www.runoob.com' );
$taobao->setUrl( 'www.taobao.com' );
$google->setUrl( 'www.google.com' );

// 调用成员函数，获取标题和URL
$runoob->getTitle();
$taobao->getTitle();
$google->getTitle();

$runoob->getUrl();
$taobao->getUrl();
$google->getUrl();

<?php 
class Site { 
  /* 成员变量 */ 
  var $url; 
  var $title; 
   
  /* 成员函数 */ 
  function setUrl($par){ 
     $this->url = $par; 
  } 
   
  function getUrl(){ 
     echo $this->url . PHP_EOL; 
  } 
   
  function setTitle($par){ 
     $this->title = $par; 
  } 
   
  function getTitle(){ 
     echo $this->title . PHP_EOL; 
  } 
} 

$runoob = new Site; 
$taobao = new Site; 
$google = new Site; 

// 调用成员函数，设置标题和URL 
$runoob->setTitle( "菜鸟教程" ); 
$taobao->setTitle( "淘宝" ); 
$google->setTitle( "Google 搜索" ); 

$runoob->setUrl( 'www.runoob.com' ); 
$taobao->setUrl( 'www.taobao.com' ); 
$google->setUrl( 'www.google.com' ); 

// 调用成员函数，获取标题和URL 
$runoob->getTitle(); 
$taobao->getTitle(); 
$google->getTitle(); 

$runoob->getUrl(); 
$taobao->getUrl(); 
$google->getUrl(); 
?>

function __construct( $par1, $par2 ) {
   $this->url = $par1;
   $this->title = $par2;
}

$runoob = new Site('www.runoob.com', '菜鸟教程'); 
$taobao = new Site('www.taobao.com', '淘宝'); 
$google = new Site('www.google.com', 'Google 搜索'); 

// 调用成员函数，获取标题和URL 
$runoob->getTitle(); 
$taobao->getTitle(); 
$google->getTitle(); 

$runoob->getUrl(); 
$taobao->getUrl(); 
$google->getUrl();

<?php
class MyDestructableClass {
   function __construct() {
       print "构造函数\n";
       $this->name = "MyDestructableClass";
   }

   function __destruct() {
       print "销毁 " . $this->name . "\n";
   }
}

$obj = new MyDestructableClass();
?>

<?php 
// 子类扩展站点类别
class Child_Site extends Site {
   var $category;

    function setCate($par){
        $this->category = $par;
    }
  
    function getCate(){
        echo $this->category . PHP_EOL;
    }
}

function getUrl() {
   echo $this->url . PHP_EOL;
   return $this->url;
}
   
function getTitle(){
   echo $this->title . PHP_EOL;
   return $this->title;
}

<?php
/**
 * Define MyClass
 */
class MyClass
{
    public $public = 'Public';
    protected $protected = 'Protected';
    private $private = 'Private';

    function printHello()
    {
        echo $this->public;
        echo $this->protected;
        echo $this->private;
    }
}

$obj = new MyClass();
echo $obj->public; // 这行能被正常执行
echo $obj->protected; // 这行会产生一个致命错误
echo $obj->private; // 这行也会产生一个致命错误
$obj->printHello(); // 输出 Public、Protected 和 Private


/**
 * Define MyClass2
 */
class MyClass2 extends MyClass
{
    // 可以对 public 和 protected 进行重定义，但 private 而不能
    protected $protected = 'Protected2';

    function printHello()
    {
        echo $this->public;
        echo $this->protected;
        echo $this->private;
    }
}

$obj2 = new MyClass2();
echo $obj2->public; // 这行能被正常执行
echo $obj2->private; // 未定义 private
echo $obj2->protected; // 这行会产生一个致命错误
$obj2->printHello(); // 输出 Public、Protected2 和 Undefined

?>

<?php
/**
 * Define MyClass
 */
class MyClass
{
    // 声明一个公有的构造函数
    public function __construct() { }

    // 声明一个公有的方法
    public function MyPublic() { }

    // 声明一个受保护的方法
    protected function MyProtected() { }

    // 声明一个私有的方法
    private function MyPrivate() { }

    // 此方法为公有
    function Foo()
    {
        $this->MyPublic();
        $this->MyProtected();
        $this->MyPrivate();
    }
}

$myclass = new MyClass;
$myclass->MyPublic(); // 这行能被正常执行
$myclass->MyProtected(); // 这行会产生一个致命错误
$myclass->MyPrivate(); // 这行会产生一个致命错误
$myclass->Foo(); // 公有，受保护，私有都可以执行


/**
 * Define MyClass2
 */
class MyClass2 extends MyClass
{
    // 此方法为公有
    function Foo2()
    {
        $this->MyPublic();
        $this->MyProtected();
        $this->MyPrivate(); // 这行会产生一个致命错误
    }
}

$myclass2 = new MyClass2;
$myclass2->MyPublic(); // 这行能被正常执行
$myclass2->Foo2(); // 公有的和受保护的都可执行，但私有的不行

class Bar 
{
    public function test() {
        $this->testPrivate();
        $this->testPublic();
    }

    public function testPublic() {
        echo "Bar::testPublic\n";
    }
    
    private function testPrivate() {
        echo "Bar::testPrivate\n";
    }
}

class Foo extends Bar 
{
    public function testPublic() {
        echo "Foo::testPublic\n";
    }
    
    private function testPrivate() {
        echo "Foo::testPrivate\n";
    }
}

$myFoo = new foo();
$myFoo->test(); // Bar::testPrivate 
                // Foo::testPublic
?>

<?php

// 声明一个'iTemplate'接口
interface iTemplate
{
    public function setVariable($name, $var);
    public function getHtml($template);
}


// 实现接口
class Template implements iTemplate
{
    private $vars = array();
  
    public function setVariable($name, $var)
    {
        $this->vars[$name] = $var;
    }
  
    public function getHtml($template)
    {
        foreach($this->vars as $name => $value) {
            $template = str_replace('{' . $name . '}', $value, $template);
        }
 
        return $template;
    }
}

<?php
class MyClass
{
    const constant = '常量值';

    function showConstant() {
        echo  self::constant . PHP_EOL;
    }
}

echo MyClass::constant . PHP_EOL;

$classname = "MyClass";
echo $classname::constant . PHP_EOL; // 自 5.3.0 起

$class = new MyClass();
$class->showConstant();

echo $class::constant . PHP_EOL; // 自 PHP 5.3.0 起
?>

<?php
abstract class AbstractClass
{
 // 强制要求子类定义这些方法
    abstract protected function getValue();
    abstract protected function prefixValue($prefix);

    // 普通方法（非抽象方法）
    public function printOut() {
        print $this->getValue() . PHP_EOL;
    }
}

class ConcreteClass1 extends AbstractClass
{
    protected function getValue() {
        return "ConcreteClass1";
    }

    public function prefixValue($prefix) {
        return "{$prefix}ConcreteClass1";
    }
}

class ConcreteClass2 extends AbstractClass
{
    public function getValue() {
        return "ConcreteClass2";
    }

    public function prefixValue($prefix) {
        return "{$prefix}ConcreteClass2";
    }
}

$class1 = new ConcreteClass1;
$class1->printOut();
echo $class1->prefixValue('FOO_') . PHP_EOL;

$class2 = new ConcreteClass2;
$class2->printOut();
echo $class2->prefixValue('FOO_') . PHP_EOL;
?>

<?php
abstract class AbstractClass
{
    // 我们的抽象方法仅需要定义需要的参数
    abstract protected function prefixName($name);

}

class ConcreteClass extends AbstractClass
{

    // 我们的子类可以定义父类签名中不存在的可选参数
    public function prefixName($name, $separator = ".") {
        if ($name == "Pacman") {
            $prefix = "Mr";
        } elseif ($name == "Pacwoman") {
            $prefix = "Mrs";
        } else {
            $prefix = "";
        }
        return "{$prefix}{$separator} {$name}";
    }
}

$class = new ConcreteClass;
echo $class->prefixName("Pacman"), "\n";
echo $class->prefixName("Pacwoman"), "\n";
?>

<?php
class Foo {
  public static $my_static = 'foo';
  
  public function staticValue() {
     return self::$my_static;
  }
}

print Foo::$my_static . PHP_EOL;
$foo = new Foo();

print $foo->staticValue() . PHP_EOL;
?>    

<?php
class BaseClass {
   public function test() {
       echo "BaseClass::test() called" . PHP_EOL;
   }
   
   final public function moreTesting() {
       echo "BaseClass::moreTesting() called"  . PHP_EOL;
   }
}

class ChildClass extends BaseClass {
   public function moreTesting() {
       echo "ChildClass::moreTesting() called"  . PHP_EOL;
   }
}
// 报错信息 Fatal error: Cannot override final method BaseClass::moreTesting()
?>

<?php
class BaseClass {
   function __construct() {
       print "BaseClass 类中构造方法" . PHP_EOL;
   }
}
class SubClass extends BaseClass {
   function __construct() {
       parent::__construct();  // 子类构造方法不能自动调用父类的构造方法
       print "SubClass 类中构造方法" . PHP_EOL;
   }
}
class OtherSubClass extends BaseClass {
    // 继承 BaseClass 的构造方法
}

// 调用 BaseClass 构造方法
$obj = new BaseClass();

// 调用 BaseClass、SubClass 构造方法
$obj = new SubClass();

// 调用 BaseClass 构造方法
$obj = new OtherSubClass();
?>