postfix邮件服务器搭建02-安装篇

本文接着上文的环境,进行postfix邮件发信端和dovecot邮件收信端的部署,之后部署基于浏览器的extmail图形管理端,使管理员可以通过网页对邮件虚拟用户进行管理,对邮件服务器进行管控

1.postfix邮件发信端部署

1.1.清理会引起冲突的软件sendmail,如果是关闭相关软件设计操作过多,不推荐

rpm -qa postfix sendmail
rpm -e --nodeps postfix sendmail

# 清除之前的邮件账号信息

userdel postfix
groupdel postdrop
cat /etc/passwd|grep post*
cat /etc/gshadow|grep post*

1.2.创建postfix邮件用户和组

groupadd -g 2525 postfix
useradd -g postfix -u 2525 -s /sbin/nologin -M postfix
groupadd -g 2526 postdrop
useradd -g postdrop -u 2526 -s /sbin/nologin -M postdrop

cat /etc/passwd|grep post*
cat /etc/gshadow|grep post*

# 新建虚拟用户邮箱目录,并将其权限赋予postfix用户:

mkdir -p /var/mailbox
chown -R  postfix /var/mailbox

1.3.源码编译安装postfix-3.2.3

cd /server/tools
wget ftp://ftp.cuhk.edu.hk/pub/packages/mail-server/postfix/official/postfix-3.2.3.tar.gz
tar -zxf postfix-3.2.3.tar.gz
cd postfix-3.2.3

# 配置参数

make makefiles \
'CCARGS=-DHAS_MYSQL -I/usr/include/mysql -DUSE_SASL_AUTH -DUSE_CYRUS_SASL -I/usr/include/sasl  -DUSE_TLS -I/usr/include/openssl' \
'AUXLIBS=-L/usr/lib64/mysql -lmysqlclient -lz -lm -L/usr/lib64/sasl2 -lsasl2 -lssl -lcrypto'

# 编译安装

make
make install

# 执行完之后会进入设置相关目录的交互界面,基本按照默认配置即可。

install_root: [/] 
tempdir: [/server/tools/postfix-3.2.3] 
config_directory: [/etc/postfix] 
command_directory: [/usr/sbin] 
daemon_directory: [/usr/libexec/postfix] 
data_directory: [/var/lib/postfix] 
html_directory: [no] /usr/local/postfix/html
mail_owner: [postfix] 
mailq_path: [/usr/bin/mailq] 
manpage_directory: [/usr/local/man] 
newaliases_path: [/usr/bin/newaliases] 
queue_directory: [/var/spool/postfix] 
readme_directory: [no] /usr/local/postfix/readme
sendmail_path: [/usr/sbin/sendmail] 
setgid_group: [postdrop] 
shlib_directory: [no] /usr/local/postfix/share-library
meta_directory: [/etc/postfix] 

1.4.更新别名数据文件/etc/aliases.db,这个步骤如果忽略,会造成postfix效率极低

/usr/bin/newaliases
ll /etc/aliases.db

# 注意:

1).安装过程如果报错,需要删除目录重新安装
2).本文采用yum安装Mysql和sasl2,如果使用源码安装这两个软件,需要修改编译时CCARGS和AUXLIBS选项。

使用源码安装的mysql和cyrus-sasl,使用以下编译参数:

make makefiles \
'CCARGS=-DHAS_MYSQL -I/usr/local/mysql/include -DUSE_SASL_AUTH -DUSE_CYRUS_SASL -I/usr/local/sasl2/include/sasl -DUSE_TLS -I/usr/include/openssl' \
'AUXLIBS=-L/usr/local/mysql/lib -lmysqlclient -lz -lrt -lm -L/usr/local/sasl2/lib -lsasl2 -lssl -lcrypto'

3).在执行make install的时有如下的提示:
/usr/libexec/ld-elf.so.1: Shared object "libmysqlclient.so.12" not found
是因为mysql的lib库没找到,需要告诉postfix应该到哪里去找libmysqlclient.so.12。
使用ldconfig可以解决,例如:

echo /usr/local/mysql/lib/mysql >> /etc/ld.so.conf
ldconfig

4).make install的交互配置最好使用默认,如果修改根目录则目录结构会乱掉
5).如果/etc/aliases文件不存在,可以用如下命令创建:

echo postfix: root >> /etc/aliases

1.5.修改相关目录的权限否则,postfix无法正常运行(必须使用以下顺序授权)

cd /server/tools
chown -R postfix.postfix /var/lib/postfix/
chown -R postfix.postfix /var/spool/postfix/private
chown -R postfix.postfix /var/spool/postfix/public
chown -R root /var/spool/postfix/pid/
chgrp  -R postdrop /var/spool/postfix/public
chgrp  -R postdrop /var/spool/postfix/maildrop/
chown root /var/spool/postfix

# 查看修改完的结果:

ll /var/lib/postfix/ -d
ll /var/lib/postfix/
ll /var/spool/postfix/ -d
ll /var/spool/postfix/

# 查看postfix相关程序文件

ll /usr/sbin/post*
ll /usr/libexec/postfix/
ll /var/spool/postfix/
ll /var/spool/postfix/private/ 
ll /var/spool/postfix/incoming/

1.6.修改配置文件,启动postfix

vim /etc/postfix/main.cf

# 修改并确认以下配置,改成自己对应的就好

myhostname = mail.zuiyoujie.com
mydomain = zuiyoujie.com
myorigin = $mydomain
inet_interfaces = 127.0.0.1, (外网地址)(或着写all)
mydestination = $myhostname, localhost.$mydomain, localhost, $mydomain
mynetworks = 127.0.0.0/8

# 参数说明:

myhostname    指定运行postfix邮件系统的主机的主机名(用 FQDN 的方式来写),默认情况下,其值被设定为本地机器名;
mydomain          指定您的域名,默认情况下,postfix将myhostname的第一部分删除而作为mydomain的值;
myorigin             指明发件人所在的域名;邮件标头上面的 mail from 的那个地址
inet_interfaces   指定系统监听的网络接口;
mydestination    指定接收邮件时收件人的域名,即您的postfix系统要接收到哪个域名的邮件;
mynetworks       指定你所在的网络的网络地址,postfix系统根据其值来区别用户是远程的还是本地的,如果是本地网络用户则允许其访问;

# 注意:

1)在postfix的配置文件中,参数行和注释行是不能处在同一行中的;
2)任何一个参数的值都不需要加引号,否则,引号将会被当作参数值的一部分来使用;
3)每修改参数及其值后执行 postfix reload 即可令其生效;但若修改了inet_interfaces,则需重新启动postfix;
4)如果一个参数的值有多个,可以将它们放在不同的行中,只需要在其后的每个行前多置一个空格即可;postfix会把第一个字符为空格或tab的文本行视为上一行的延续;

# 为postfix提供SysV服务管理脚本/etc/rc.d/init.d/postfix

vim /etc/init.d/postfix

# 以下是管理脚本具体内容:

#!/bin/bash
# postfix      Postfix Mail Transfer Agent
# chkconfig: 2345 80 30
# description: Postfix is a Mail Transport Agent, which is the program \
#              that moves mail from one machine to another.
# processname: master
# pidfile: /var/spool/postfix/pid/master.pid
# main-config: /etc/postfix/main.cf
# master-config: /etc/postfix/master.cf
# Source function library.
. /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions
# Source networking configuration.
. /etc/sysconfig/network
# Check that networking is up.
[ $NETWORKING = "no" ] && exit 3
[ -x /usr/sbin/postfix ] || exit 4
[ -d /etc/postfix ] || exit 5
[ -d /var/spool/postfix ] || exit 6

RETVAL=0
prog="postfix"
# Start daemons.
start() {
    echo -n $"Starting postfix: "
        /usr/bin/newaliases >/dev/null 2>&1
    /usr/sbin/postfix start 2>/dev/null 1>&2 && success || failure $"$prog start"
    RETVAL=$?
    [ $RETVAL -eq 0 ] && touch /var/lock/subsys/postfix
        echo
    return $RETVAL
}
# Stop daemons.
stop() {
    echo -n $"Shutting down postfix: "
    /usr/sbin/postfix stop 2>/dev/null 1>&2 && success || failure $"$prog stop"
    RETVAL=$?
    [ $RETVAL -eq 0 ] && rm -f /var/lock/subsys/postfix
    echo
    return $RETVAL
}
reload() {
    echo -n $"Reloading postfix: "
    /usr/sbin/postfix reload 2>/dev/null 1>&2 && success || failure $"$prog reload"
    RETVAL=$?
    echo
    return $RETVAL
}
restart() {
    stop
    start
}
abort() {
    /usr/sbin/postfix abort 2>/dev/null 1>&2 && success || failure $"$prog abort"
    return $?
}
flush() {
    /usr/sbin/postfix flush 2>/dev/null 1>&2 && success || failure $"$prog flush"
    return $?
}
check() {
    /usr/sbin/postfix check 2>/dev/null 1>&2 && success || failure $"$prog check"
    return $?
}
case "$1" in
  start)
    start
    ;;
  stop)
    stop
    ;;
  restart)
    stop
    start
    ;;
  reload)
    reload
    ;;
  abort)
    abort
    ;;
  flush)
    flush
    ;;
  check)
    check
    ;;
  status)
      status master
    ;;
  condrestart)
    [ -f /var/lock/subsys/postfix ] && restart || :
    ;;
  *)
    echo $"Usage: $0 {start|stop|restart|reload|abort|flush|check|status|condrestart}"
    exit 1
esac
exit $?
View Code

# 添加为系统服务,并设置开机自启动

chmod 755  /etc/init.d/postfix
chkconfig --add postfix
chkconfig postfix on
chkconfig --list postfix

# postfix启动管理脚本测试

service postfix start
service postfix stop

# postfix常用的管理命令

/usr/sbin/postfix start
/usr/sbin/postfix reload
/usr/sbin/postfix check

1.7.测试postfix是否可以正常发送邮件

yum install telnet -y
telnet 127.0.0.1 25

# 实例如下:

[root@mail tools]# telnet 127.0.0.1 25
Trying 127.0.0.1...
Connected to 127.0.0.1.
Escape character is '^]'.
220 Welcome to our mail.zuiyoujie.com ESMTP!
helo mail.zuiyoujie.com   
250 mail.zuiyoujie.com
mail from:root@zuiyoujie.com
250 2.1.0 Ok
rcpt to:zhaoshuai@zuiyoujie.com
250 2.1.5 Ok
data
354 End data with <CR><LF>.<CR><LF>
from: root testmail <root@zuiyoujie.com>
to:zhaoshuai@zuiyoujie.com
subject:first test mail  
This is a test mail from root.
.
250 2.0.0 Ok: queued as 329F5180712
quit
221 2.0.0 Bye
Connection closed by foreign host.
[root@mail tools]# mailq
-Queue ID-  --Size-- ----Arrival Time---- -Sender/Recipient-------
329F5180712*     433 Mon Oct 16 17:46:55  root@zuiyoujie.com
                                         zhaoshuai@zuiyoujie.com

-- 0 Kbytes in 1 Request.

# 使用以下命令可以查看邮件内容

postcat -q [Queue ID]

# 实例如下:

[root@mail ~]# postcat -q 329F5180712
*** ENVELOPE RECORDS deferred/3/329F5180712 ***
message_size:             362             690               1               0             362               0
message_arrival_time: Mon Oct 16 18:39:02 2017
create_time: Mon Oct 16 18:39:22 2017
named_attribute: log_ident=329F5180712
named_attribute: rewrite_context=local
sender: root@zuiyoujie.com
named_attribute: log_client_name=localhost
named_attribute: log_client_address=127.0.0.1
named_attribute: log_client_port=35432
named_attribute: log_message_origin=localhost[127.0.0.1]
named_attribute: log_helo_name=mail.zuiyoujie.com
named_attribute: log_protocol_name=SMTP
named_attribute: client_name=localhost
named_attribute: reverse_client_name=localhost
named_attribute: client_address=127.0.0.1
named_attribute: client_port=35432
named_attribute: server_address=127.0.0.1
named_attribute: server_port=25
named_attribute: helo_name=mail.zuiyoujie.com
named_attribute: protocol_name=SMTP
named_attribute: client_address_type=2
named_attribute: dsn_orig_rcpt=rfc822;zhaoshuai@zuiyoujie.com
original_recipient: zhaoshuai@zuiyoujie.com
recipient: zhaoshuai@zuiyoujie.com
*** MESSAGE CONTENTS deferred/3/329F5180712 ***
Received: from mail.zuiyoujie.com (localhost [127.0.0.1])
        by mail.zuiyoujie.com (Postfix) with SMTP id 329F5180712
        for <zhaoshuai@zuiyoujie.com>; Mon, 16 Oct 2017 18:39:02 +0800 (CST)
from: root testmail <root@zuiyoujie.com>
to:zhaoshuai@zuiyoujie.com
Message-Id: <20171016103922.329F5180712@mail.zuiyoujie.com>
Date: Mon, 16 Oct 2017 18:39:02 +0800 (CST)
*** HEADER EXTRACTED deferred/3/329F5180712 ***
*** MESSAGE FILE END deferred/3/329F5180712 ***

# 可以看出邮件服务器已经可以发送邮件,不过由于接收邮件的服务没有配好邮件还收不到,如果想看收发效果,可以将收件人改为自己的qq邮箱等进行测试。

# 接下来进行配置,启用smtp用户认证,使用courier-authlib通过数据库对虚拟用户进行管理

2.安装配置Courier authentication library 

# courier-authlib是Courier组件中的认证库,它是courier组件中一个独立的子项目,用于为Courier的其它组件提供认证服务,是由一位美籍俄罗斯人的杰作。其认证功能通常包括验正登录时的帐号和密码、获取一个帐号相关的家目录或邮件目录等信息、改变帐号的密码等。而其认证的实现方式也包括基于PAM对/etc/passwd和/etc/shadow进行认证,基于GDBM或DB进行认证,基于LDAP/MySQL/PostgreSQL进行认证等。因此,courier-authlib也常用来与courier之外的其它邮件组件(如postfix)整合为其提供认证服务。

cd /server/tools
wget http://jaist.dl.sourceforge.net/project/courier/authlib/0.66.1/courier-authlib-0.66.1.tar.bz2
tar -xf courier-authlib-0.66.1.tar.bz2 
cd courier-authlib-0.66.1

# 配置参数

./configure \
--prefix=/usr/local/courier-authlib \
--sysconfdir=/etc \
--with-redhat \
--with-mailuser=postfix \
--with-mailgroup=postfix \
--with-authmysql=yes \
--with-authmysqlrc=/etc/authmysqlrc \
--with-authdaemonrc=/etc/authdaemonrc \
--with-mysql-libs=/usr/lib64/mysql \
--with-mysql-includes=/usr/include/mysql \
--without-authpam \
--without-authpgsql \
--without-authvchkpw \
--without-authshadow

# 编译安装

make
make install
make install-configure

# 创建认证配置文件

chmod 755 -R /usr/local/courier-authlib/var/spool/authdaemon
cp /etc/authmysqlrc.dist  /etc/authmysqlrc
cp /etc/authdaemonrc.dist  /etc/authdaemonrc
ll /etc/authmysqlrc
ll /etc/authdaemonrc

# 编辑/etc/authdaemonrc文件,确保使用mysql认证模块

vim /etc/authdaemonrc

# 修改并确认以下配置

authmodulelist="authpwd authmysql"
authmodulelistorig="authpwd authmysql"
daemons=10

# 编辑/etc/authmysqlrc文件,让courier能够正确的读取MySQL中的认证信息

vim /etc/authmysqlrc

# 修改并确认以下配置

MYSQL_SERVER       localhost
MYSQL_USERNAME     extmail                    # 数据库用户名
MYSQL_PASSWORD     extmail                    # 数据库密码
MYSQL_SOCKET       /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
MYSQL_PORT         3306                       # mysql监听的端口
MYSQL_DATABASE     extmail    
MYSQL_USER_TABLE   mailbox
MYSQL_CRYPT_PWFIELD  password                 # 92行,crypt改为password
DEFAULT_DOMAIN       mail.zuiyoujie.com       # 105行,默认邮件域
MYSQL_UID_FIELD      '2525'
MYSQL_GID_FIELD      '2525'
MYSQL_LOGIN_FIELD    username
MYSQL_HOME_FIELD     concat('/var/mailbox/',homedir)    # 133行,home修改
MYSQL_NAME_FIELD     name
MYSQL_MAILDIR_FIELD  concat('/var/mailbox/',maildir)    # 150行,maildir修改

# 将courier-authlib配置为系统服务

cp courier-authlib.sysvinit /etc/rc.d/init.d/courier-authlib
chmod 755 /etc/init.d/courier-authlib
chkconfig --add courier-authlib
chkconfig --list courier-authlib

# 将courier-authlib 的库目录添加到库搜索文件中

echo "/usr/local/courier-authlib/lib/courier-authlib" >> /etc/ld.so.conf.d/courier-authlib.conf
ldconfig -v

# 启动 courier-authlib 服务

service courier-authlib start

# 由于是socket的方式,所以没有端口,可以验证进程是否启动

ps -ef | grep courier
pstree | grep authdaemond
ll /usr/local/courier-authlib/var/spool/authdaemon/socket 

# 查看postfix是否支持cyrus-sasl认证功能

cd /server/tools/
/usr/sbin/postconf -a

# 出现以下内容表示可以使用sasl认证

[root@mail tools]# /usr/sbin/postconf -a
cyrus
dovecot

# 设置postfix使用的sasl配置文件smtpd,让sasl知道该怎么从MySQL中读取认证信息,该文件需要手工创建,sasl密码验证机制为authdaemond

# 新建smtp认证文件,添加以下4行内容:

vim /etc/sasl2/smtpd.conf
pwcheck_method: authdaemond
log_level: 3
mech_list:PLAIN LOGIN
authdaemond_path:/usr/local/courier-authlib/var/spool/authdaemon/socket

# 关于sasl2的认证文件smtpd.conf的位置,可以有以下3个,需要注意

/etc/sasl2/smtpd.conf
/usr/lib64/sasl2/smtpd.conf
/etc/postfix/sasl2/smtpd.conf

# 配置postfix支持sasl邮箱安全认证

vim /etc/postfix/main.cf

# 添加以下内容

###### CYRUS-SASL ######
broken_sasl_auth_clients = yes
smtpd_sasl_auth_enable = yes
smtpd_sasl_local_domain = $myhostname
smtpd_sasl_path = /etc/sasl2
smtpd_sasl_security_options = noanonymous
smtpd_banner = Welcome to our $myhostname ESMTP!
smtpd_sender_restrictions = permit_mynetworks,reject_sender_login_mismatch,reject_non_fqdn_sender,reject_non_fqdn_recipient,reject_invalid_hostname,reject_authenticated_sender_login_mismatch,reject_unauthenticated_sender_login_mismatch,check_sender_access hash:/etc/postfix/access
smtpd_recipient_restrictions = permit_mynetworks,permit_sasl_authenticated,reject_invalid_hostname,reject_non_fqdn_hostname,reject_non_fqdn_sender,reject_non_fqdn_recipient,reject_unknown_sender_domain,reject_unknown_recipient_domain,reject_unauth_pipelining,reject_unauth_destination
smtpd_sender_login_maps = mysql:/etc/postfix/mysql_virtual_sender_maps.cf,mysql:/etc/postfix/mysql_virtual_alias_maps.cf
/usr/sbin/postfix check
/usr/sbin/postfix reload

3.安装配置dovecot

yum install dovecot dovecot-mysql 

# 修改dovecot主配置文件

vim /etc/dovecot/dovecot.conf 
protocols = imap pop3 lmtp        # 启用
listen = *

# 修改auth认证配置文件

vim /etc/dovecot/conf.d/10-auth.conf
disable_plaintext_auth = no
auth_mechanisms = plain login
!include auth-system.conf.ext

# 修改10-mail.conf配置文件

vim /etc/dovecot/conf.d/10-mail.conf
mail_location = maildir:/var/mailbox/%d/%n/Maildir

# 配置数据库认证相关文件

cd /etc/dovecot/conf.d/
cp auth-sql.conf.ext auth-sql.conf
vim /etc/dovecot/conf.d/auth-sql.conf

# 第9行和第21行改为以下内容(去掉passdb和userdb的ext后缀)

args = /etc/dovecot/dovecot-sql.conf

# 手工创建dovecot-sql.conf文件

vim /etc/dovecot/dovecot-sql.conf
driver = mysql
connect = host=localhost dbname=extmail user=extmail password=extmail
default_pass_scheme = CRYPT
password_query = SELECT username AS user,password AS password FROM mailbox WHERE username = '%u'
user_query = SELECT maildir, uidnumber AS uid, gidnumber AS gid FROM mailbox WHERE username = '%u'

# 启动dovecot邮件接收端

chkconfig dovecot on
chkconfig --list dovecot
service dovecot start

4.安装extmail

cd /server/tools
tar -xf extmail-1.2.tar.gz 
mkdir -p /var/www/extsuite
mv extmail-1.2 /var/www/extsuite/extmail
chown -R postfix.postfix /var/www/extsuite/extmail
ll /var/www/extsuite/extmail

# 修改配置文件

cd /var/www/extsuite/extmail/
cp webmail.cf.default  webmail.cf
vim /var/www/extsuite/extmail/webmail.cf
SYS_USER_LANG = zh_CN                  # 77行,语言选项
SYS_MESSAGE_SIZE_LIMIT = 52428800      # 105行,用户可以发送的邮件大小默认5M
SYS_MIN_PASS_LEN = 8                   # 107行,最短密码长度        
SYS_MAILDIR_BASE = /var/mailbox        # 127行,前文所设置的用户邮件的存放目录
SYS_MYSQL_USER = extmail               # 140行,连接数据库服务器所使用用户名
SYS_MYSQL_PASS = extmail               # 141行,密码和邮件服务器用到的数据库
SYS_MYSQL_HOST = localhost             # 143行,数据库服务器主机名
SYS_MYSQL_SOCKET = /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
SYS_MYSQL_TABLE = mailbox            
# 147行,以下配置用来指定验证用户登录所用到的表,以及用户名、域名和用户密码分别对应的表中列的名称,默认即可
SYS_MYSQL_ATTR_USERNAME = username
SYS_MYSQL_ATTR_DOMAIN = domain
SYS_MYSQL_ATTR_PASSWD = password
# 198行,指定之前安装的authdaemo socket文件的位置
SYS_AUTHLIB_SOCKET = /usr/local/courier-authlib/var/spool/authdaemon/socket

# 创建extmail临时目录

mkdir -p /tmp/extmail/upload
chown -R postfix.postfix /tmp/extmail/
ll /tmp
ll /tmp/extmail/

5.安装extman

cd /server/tools/
tar -xf extman-1.1.tar.gz 
mv extman-1.1 /var/www/extsuite/extman
chown -R postfix.postfix /var/www/extsuite/extman
ll /var/www/extsuite/extman

# 修改配置文件

cd /var/www/extsuite/extman/
cp webman.cf.default  webman.cf
vim /var/www/extsuite/extman/webman.cf
SYS_MAILDIR_BASE = /var/mailbox        # 12行,设置的用户邮件的存放目录
SYS_SESS_DIR = /tmp/extman/
# 此两处后面设定的ID号需更改为前而创建的postfix用户和postfix组的id号,本文使用的
SYS_DEFAULT_UID = 2525                 # 98行
SYS_DEFAULT_GID = 2525                 # 101行
SYS_MYSQL_USER = extmail               # 127行
SYS_MYSQL_PASS = extmail               # 128行
SYS_MYSQL_SOCKET = /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock    # 132行
# 132行,指定验证管理员登录所用到的表,及相关参数,默认即可
SYS_MYSQL_TABLE = manager
SYS_MYSQL_ATTR_USERNAME = username
SYS_MYSQL_ATTR_PASSWD = password

# 创建extman临时目录,用于session等数据文件

mkdir /tmp/extman
chown -R postfix.postfix /tmp/extman/
ll /tmp

# 修改cgi目录的属主,便于网页访问

chown -R postfix.postfix /var/www/extsuite/extmail/cgi/
chown -R postfix.postfix /var/www/extsuite/extman/cgi/
ll /var/www/extsuite/extmail/cgi/
ll /var/www/extsuite/extman/cgi/

# 复制5个虚拟用户数据库配置文件到postfix目录

cd /var/www/extsuite/extman/docs/
cp mysql_virtual_* /etc/postfix/
ll /etc/postfix/mysql_virtual_*

# 初始化extmail数据库(空密码)

mysql -u root -p < /var/www/extsuite/extman/docs/extmail.sql
mysql -u root -p < /var/www/extsuite/extman/docs/init.sql

# 据库授权

mysql -uroot -p
grant all privileges on extmail.* to extmail@localhost identified by 'extmail';
grant all privileges on extmail.* to extmail@127.0.0.1 identified by 'extmail';         
flush privileges;
delete from mysql.user where user=' ';
delete from mysql.user where host='mail.zuiyoujie.com';
select user,host from mysql.user;

# 编辑/etc/postfix/main.cf,让postfix支持虚拟域和虚拟用户

vim /etc/postfix/main.cf
####### Virtual Mailbox Settings #######
virtual_uid_maps = static:2525
virtual_gid_maps = static:2525
virtual_transport = virtual
message_size_limit = 60336000
virtual_mailbox_base = /var/mailbox
virtual_mailbox_maps = mysql:/etc/postfix/mysql_virtual_mailbox_maps.cf
virtual_mailbox_limit = mysql:/etc/postfix/mysql_virtual_limit_maps.cf
virtual_mailbox_domains = mysql:/etc/postfix/mysql_virtual_domains_maps.cf
virtual_alias_maps = mysql:/etc/postfix/mysql_virtual_alias_maps.cf
virtual_alias_domains =
smtpd_client_connection_count_limit = 50
smtpd_client_connection_rate_limit = 50

# 重新载入配置文件

/usr/sbin/postfix check
/usr/sbin/postfix reload

6.配置Mailgraph_ext,使用Extman的图形日志

# 配置启动图形工具

cp -r /var/www/extsuite/extman/addon/mailgraph_ext/ /usr/local/mailgraph_ext/
/usr/local/mailgraph_ext/mailgraph-init start
/var/www/extsuite/extman/daemon/cmdserver -daemon

# 配置开机自启动

echo "/usr/local/mailgraph_ext/mailgraph-init start" >> /etc/rc.d/rc.local
echo "/var/www/extsuite/extman/daemon/cmdserver -v -d" >> /etc/rc.d/rc.local

7.配置Apache,使用浏览器进行虚拟用户管理

vim /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf

# 修改并确认以下配置

LoadModule suexec_module modules/mod_suexec.so    # 198行,将suexec插件注释掉,否则配置比较麻烦
User postfix                                 # 242行,修改http运行用户postfix
Group postfix                                    # 243行,修改http运行组为postfix
ServerName mail.zuiyoujie.com                     # 276行,修改监听域名
# DocumentRoot "/var/www/html"                    # 292行,将之注释掉,启用虚拟主机

# 配置虚拟主机

vim /etc/httpd/conf.d/extmail.conf
<VirtualHost *:80>
   ServerName mail.zuiyoujie.com
   DocumentRoot /var/www/extsuite/extmail/html/
   ScriptAlias /extmail/cgi /var/www/extsuite/extmail/cgi
   Alias /extmail /var/www/extsuite/extmail/html
   ScriptAlias /extman/cgi /var/www/extsuite/extman/cgi
   Alias /extman /var/www/extsuite/extman/html
</VirtualHost>

# 启动Apache

service httpd start
chkconfig httpd on
chkconfig --list httpd

# 接下来就可以登录http://mail.zuiyoujie.com,选择管理即可登入extman进行后台管理了

# 默认的管理员用户密码

root@extmail.org  
extmail*123*

至此postfix邮箱服务器的收发件,用户安全认证就已经配置完成,可以集中管理邮件虚拟用户

8.常用邮件日志分析

# 动态跟踪日志变化

tail -f /var/log/maillog

# 取指定类型的日志

egrep '(reject|warning|error|fatal|panic):' /var/log/maillog

# 查看postfix成功接收到邮件:(交货到邮件目录)  

cat /var/log/maillog |grep "delivered to maildir" 
cat /var/log/maillog |grep "delivered to maildir" | egrep -o "(\w+)([@]{1}\w+[.]{1,})(\w+)" 

# 取指定日期,指定类型日志:

cat /var/log/maillog | grep "^Oct\ 17" | egrep "reject|warning|error|fatal|panic" | less

# 取指定日期,指定类型日志:  

cat /var/log/maillog | grep "^Oct\ 17" | egrep "reject|warning|error|fatal|panic" | less

9.postfix中的命令行工具

mailq 对邮件队列文件进行列表。表中的每一个条目包含有以下信息:队列文件ID、邮件的大小、到达的时间、发件人、收件人和投递延迟的原因(如果投递有延迟的话)。该命令主要是与showq后台程序通信来获取队列文件的相关信息。该命令无参数。
newaliases 该工具进行别名数据库的初始化。如果没有指定数据库的类型,则使用系统默认的数据库类型(在linux下为hash)。该命令可以不带参数执行。
postcat 打印邮件队列文件的内容。后面接要显示的队列文件名,可以带一个-v的参数进行冗余显示。
postmap 建立postfix查询数据库。在linux下可以直接跟上原始文件而不带任何参数来建立该数据库。
postconf -d 打印配置参数的缺省值。
postconf -m 列出所有支持的查询表类型。
postconf -n 查看postfix生效的配置

完毕,呵呵呵

posted @ 2017-10-17 20:43  天生帅才  阅读(1887)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报
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