Windows10+VsCode+OpenCV开发环境搭建

一、概述

　　主要是想尝试一下VsCode+OpenCV开发。尝试了Visual Studio,感觉太重量级。所以最终选择了vscode，废话不多说开搞

二、开搞

　　1.下载安装一个VsCode

　　2.安装VsCode C++开发插件，安装如图下面4个插件就行

　　3.安装mingw64。

　　　　这里的安装版本需要注意下，需要安装posix线程版本，不然opencv编译的时候会报错

x86_64-12.2.0-release-posix-seh-rt_v10-rev1
解压后配置环境变量就行
下载地址如下：https://github.com/niXman/mingw-builds-binaries/releases

　　4.下载opencv源代码

下载地址：https://opencv.org/releases/

　　5.下载cmake并安装　

下载地址：https://cmake.org/download/

　　打开GUI界面

　　以上4部都完成之后，进入build_install目录（也就是你上面配置的编译输出目录）

 　　并打开命令行执行如下图所示：

 　　等待执行完成，如果执行完成后没有出错。则接着执行：mingw32-make install

　　完成后opencv就彻底配置好了。

　　然后把：D:\opencv\build_install\install\x64\mingw\bin配置到环境变量中。

　6.配置VsCode

　　需要新建三个文件，分别是：launch.json、tasks.json、c_cpp_properites.json

　　a.settings.json文件的配置（这个是vscode自动生成的，打开文件夹后会生成）

{
   
    "C_Cpp.default.includePath": [
        // 下面的两个路径需要改为自己的路径。C:/work/opencv/opencv453_build是我编译opencv的路径
        "D:/opencv/build_install/install/x64/mingw/lib",
        "D:/opencv/build_install/install/include"
    ],
    "code-runner.executorMap": {
        
        "c": "cd $dir && gcc '$fileName' -o '$fileNameWithoutExt.exe' -Wall -g -O2 -static-libgcc -std=c11 -fexec-charset=UTF-8 && &'$dir$fileNameWithoutExt'",

        // 下面三个路径，也需要改为自己的路径
        "cpp": "cd $dir && g++ $fileName -o $fileNameWithoutExt -I D:/opencv/build_install/install/include -I D:/opencv/build_install/install/include/opencv2 -L D:/opencv/build_install/install/x64/mingw/bin/libopencv_*"
    },
    "files.associations": {
        "array": "cpp",
        "atomic": "cpp",
        "*.tcc": "cpp",
        "cctype": "cpp",
        "clocale": "cpp",
        "cmath": "cpp",
        "cstdarg": "cpp",
        "cstddef": "cpp",
        "cstdint": "cpp",
        "cstdio": "cpp",
        "cstdlib": "cpp",
        "cwchar": "cpp",
        "cwctype": "cpp",
        "deque": "cpp",
        "unordered_map": "cpp",
        "vector": "cpp",
        "exception": "cpp",
        "algorithm": "cpp",
        "memory": "cpp",
        "memory_resource": "cpp",
        "optional": "cpp",
        "string": "cpp",
        "string_view": "cpp",
        "system_error": "cpp",
        "tuple": "cpp",
        "type_traits": "cpp",
        "utility": "cpp",
        "fstream": "cpp",
        "initializer_list": "cpp",
        "iosfwd": "cpp",
        "iostream": "cpp",
        "istream": "cpp",
        "limits": "cpp",
        "new": "cpp",
        "ostream": "cpp",
        "sstream": "cpp",
        "stdexcept": "cpp",
        "streambuf": "cpp",
        "typeinfo": "cpp",
        "chrono": "cpp",
        "complex": "cpp",
        "condition_variable": "cpp",
        "cstring": "cpp",
        "ctime": "cpp",
        "list": "cpp",
        "functional": "cpp",
        "iterator": "cpp",
        "map": "cpp",
        "ratio": "cpp",
        "set": "cpp",
        "iomanip": "cpp",
        "mutex": "cpp",
        "thread": "cpp"
    }
}

　　b.launch.json文件内容配置

{
    "version": "0.2.0",
    "configurations": [
        {
            "name": "opencv4.5.2 debuge",
            "type": "cppdbg",
            "request": "launch",
            "program": "${workspaceFolder}\\${fileBasenameNoExtension}.exe",
            "args": [],
            "stopAtEntry": false,
            "cwd": "${workspaceFolder}",
            "environment": [],
            "externalConsole": false,
            "MIMode": "gdb",
            // 这里，需要改为自己的mingw路径
            "miDebuggerPath": "D:/mingw64/bin/gdb.exe",
            "setupCommands": [
                {
                    "description": "为 gdb 启用整齐打印",
                    "text": "-enable-pretty-printing",
                    "ignoreFailures": false
                }
            ],
            "preLaunchTask": "opencv4.5.2 compile task"
        }
    ]
}

　　3.tasks.json文件内容配置

{
    "version": "2.0.0",
    "tasks": [
        {
            "type": "shell",
            "label": "opencv4.5.2 compile task",
            // 这里需要改为自己的mingw路径
            "command": "D:/mingw64/bin/g++.exe",
            "args": [
                "-g",
                "${file}",
                "-o",
                "${workspaceFolder}\\${fileBasenameNoExtension}.exe",
                // 下面三个路径改为自己对应的opencv编译路径
                "D:/opencv/build_install/install/x64/mingw/bin/libopencv_*",
                "-I",
                "D:/opencv/build_install/install/include",
                "-I",
                "D:/opencv/build_install/install/include/opencv2"
            ],
            "options": {
                // 这里改为自己的mingw路径
                "cwd": "D:/mingw64/bin"
            },
            "problemMatcher": [
                "$gcc"
            ],
            "group": "build",
            "presentation": { 
                "panel": "new" //默认为“shared“表示共享，改成new之后每个进程创建新的端口
            }
        }
    ]
}

　　4.c_cpp_properites.json文件内容配置

{
    "configurations": [
        {
            "name": "win",
            "includePath": [
                "${workspaceFolder}/**",
                // 下面6个路径改为自己对应的路径
                "D:/opencv/build_install/install/include",
                "D:/opencv/build_install/install/include/opencv2",
                "D:/mingw64/lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/12.2.0/include",
                "D:/mingw64/lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/12.2.0/include/c++",
                "D:/mingw64/lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/12.2.0/include/c++/x86_64-w64-mingw32"
               
                
            ],
            "defines": [],
            // 改为自己的mingw路径
            "compilerPath": "D:/mingw64/bin/gcc.exe",
            "cStandard": "c11",
            "cppStandard": "c++17",
            "intelliSenseMode": "clang-x64"
        }
    ],
    "version": 4
}

　　配置目录如下：

 　　7.到此时VsCode+OpenCV已经配置完成了，下面用一个输出图片的例子做测试。

#include <iostream>
// #include <opencv.hpp>
#include <opencv2/opencv.hpp>
#include <opencv2/highgui.hpp>
using namespace std;
using namespace cv;

int main()
{
    cv::Mat src = cv::imread("images/image1.jpeg");
    cv::imshow("src",src);
    cv::waitKey(0);
    cout << "hello opencv " << endl;
    return 0;
}

　　点击F5运行项目，或者右键执行Run Code

 　　结束！