android 利用ZXING扫描二维码代码分析
之前给公司做了一个摄影相关的应用，现在要添加二维码扫描的功能，网上找资料后，虽然已经成功集成到app里面，但是总感觉心里没底儿。所以趁这段时间不是很忙，总结一下。
首先是启动扫描的UI类：
1，Activity启动，当然是onCreate方法
private CaptureActivityHandler handler;
private ViewfinderView viewfinderView;
private boolean hasSurface;
private Vector<BarcodeFormat> decodeFormats;
private String characterSet;
private InactivityTimer inactivityTimer;
private MediaPlayer mediaPlayer;
private boolean playBeep;
private static final float BEEP_VOLUME = 0.10f;
private boolean vibrate;
/** Called when the activity is first created. */
@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_capture);
// ViewUtil.addTopView(getApplicationContext(), this,
// R.string.scan_card);
CameraManager.init(getApplication());
viewfinderView = (ViewfinderView) findViewById(R.id.viewfinder_view);
Button mButtonBack = (Button) findViewById(R.id.button_back);
mButtonBack.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
Scaner.this.finish();
}
});
hasSurface = false;
inactivityTimer = new InactivityTimer(this);
}
@Override
protected void onResume() {
super.onResume();
SurfaceView surfaceView = (SurfaceView) findViewById(R.id.preview_view);
SurfaceHolder surfaceHolder = surfaceView.getHolder();
if (hasSurface) {
initCamera(surfaceHolder);
} else {
surfaceHolder.addCallback(this);
surfaceHolder.setType(SurfaceHolder.SURFACE_TYPE_PUSH_BUFFERS);
}
decodeFormats = null;
characterSet = null;
playBeep = true;
AudioManager audioService = (AudioManager) getSystemService(AUDIO_SERVICE);
if (audioService.getRingerMode() != AudioManager.RINGER_MODE_NORMAL) {
playBeep = false;
}
initBeepSound();
vibrate = true;
}
@Override
protected void onPause() {
super.onPause();
if (handler != null) {
handler.quitSynchronously();
handler = null;
}
CameraManager.get().closeDriver();
}
@Override
protected void onDestroy() {
inactivityTimer.shutdown();
super.onDestroy();
}
/**
*
*
*
* @param @param result
* @param @param barcode
* @author Administrator
* @return void
*/
public void handleDecode(Result result, Bitmap barcode) {
inactivityTimer.onActivity();
playBeepSoundAndVibrate();
String resultString = result.getText();
if (resultString.equals("")) {
Toast.makeText(Scaner.this, "Scan failed!",3000).show();
} else {
//查询keycode 本地数据库 1，优先查询本地库，2，没有本地库，直接跳到知道链接
//分析出keyCode
Log.i("testMain","scan_result=====>"+resultString);
String keyCode="";
String[] split1;
if(resultString.lastIndexOf("?")<0){
Intent intent = new Intent(this, InnerBrowser.class);
Bundle bundle = new Bundle();
bundle.putString("result", resultString);
//bundle.putParcelable("bitmap", barcode);
intent.putExtras(bundle);
startActivity(intent);Scaner.this.finish();return;
}
String[] attr = resultString.substring(resultString.lastIndexOf("?")-1, resultString.length()).split("&");
for (String string : attr) {
split1 = string.split("=");
if(split1[0].equalsIgnoreCase("keycode")){
//找到
if(split1.length==2){
keyCode=split1[1];
}
}
}
Log.i("testMain","keyCode=====>"+keyCode);
if(!StringUtils.isBlank(keyCode)){
AttractionDAO dao=new AttractionDAO(Scaner.this);
Attraction a=dao.findAttrByKeyCode(keyCode);
Log.i("testMain","a=====>"+a);
if(a!=null){
Intent it=new Intent();
it.setClass(Scaner.this, UIAttractionDetail.class);
it.putExtra("a", a);
startActivity(it);
}else{
Intent intent = new Intent(this, InnerBrowser.class);
Bundle bundle = new Bundle();
bundle.putString("result", resultString);
//bundle.putParcelable("bitmap", barcode);
intent.putExtras(bundle);
startActivity(intent);
//this.setResult(RESULT_OK, resultIntent);
//使用内置浏览器打开网站内容
}
}else{
Intent intent = new Intent(this, InnerBrowser.class);
Bundle bundle = new Bundle();
bundle.putString("result", resultString);
//bundle.putParcelable("bitmap", barcode);
intent.putExtras(bundle);
startActivity(intent);
//this.setResult(RESULT_OK, resultIntent);
//使用内置浏览器打开网站内容
}
}
Scaner.this.finish();
}
private void initCamera(SurfaceHolder surfaceHolder) {
try {
CameraManager.get().openDriver(surfaceHolder);
} catch (IOException ioe) {
return;
} catch (RuntimeException e) {
return;
}
if (handler == null) {
handler = new CaptureActivityHandler(this, decodeFormats,
characterSet);
}
}
@Override
public void surfaceChanged(SurfaceHolder holder, int format, int width,
int height) {
}
@Override
public void surfaceCreated(SurfaceHolder holder) {
if (!hasSurface) {
hasSurface = true;
initCamera(holder);
}
}
@Override
public void surfaceDestroyed(SurfaceHolder holder) {
hasSurface = false;
}
public ViewfinderView getViewfinderView() {
return viewfinderView;
}
public Handler getHandler() {
return handler;
}
public void drawViewfinder() {
viewfinderView.drawViewfinder();
}
private void initBeepSound() {
if (playBeep && mediaPlayer == null) {
// The volume on STREAM_SYSTEM is not adjustable, and users found it
// too loud,
// so we now play on the music stream.
setVolumeControlStream(AudioManager.STREAM_MUSIC);
mediaPlayer = new MediaPlayer();
mediaPlayer.setAudioStreamType(AudioManager.STREAM_MUSIC);
mediaPlayer.setOnCompletionListener(beepListener);
AssetFileDescriptor file = getResources().openRawResourceFd(
R.raw.beep);
try {
mediaPlayer.setDataSource(file.getFileDescriptor(),
file.getStartOffset(), file.getLength());
file.close();
mediaPlayer.setVolume(BEEP_VOLUME, BEEP_VOLUME);
mediaPlayer.prepare();
} catch (IOException e) {
mediaPlayer = null;
}
}
}
private static final long VIBRATE_DURATION = 200L;
private void playBeepSoundAndVibrate() {
if (playBeep && mediaPlayer != null) {
mediaPlayer.start();
}
if (vibrate) {
Vibrator vibrator = (Vibrator) getSystemService(VIBRATOR_SERVICE);
vibrator.vibrate(VIBRATE_DURATION);
}
}
/**
* When the beep has finished playing, rewind to queue up another one.
*/
private final OnCompletionListener beepListener = new OnCompletionListener() {
public void onCompletion(MediaPlayer mediaPlayer) {
mediaPlayer.seekTo(0);
}
};
从上面代码可以看出，做了三件事儿：加载布局文件；初始化了一个相机管理器；设置按钮监听，初始化了一个InactivityTimer实例；
然后，最重要的是他实现了一个CallBack函数：具体参见：
SurfaceHolder.Callback 译文
此时，
surfaceCreated
这个方法会调用然后就初始化相机的一些参数：
前两个我们好理解，第三个是干嘛的？
我们先看布局文件：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<FrameLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="fill_parent" >
<RelativeLayout
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="fill_parent" >
<SurfaceView
android:id="@+id/preview_view"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="fill_parent"
android:layout_gravity="center" />
<com.euc.app.scan.view.ViewfinderView
android:id="@+id/viewfinder_view"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content" />
<include
android:id="@+id/include1"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_alignParentTop="true"
layout="@layout/activity_title" />
</RelativeLayout>
</FrameLayout>
可以看到里面有一个自定义的View及surfaceView，
对于我这样的初学者来说，surfaceView 是什么东西？
csdn上看到这个文章
Android中SurfaceView的使用详解
虽然不是很明白，但是大致明白这是个什么东西了。
了解了生命周期之后，我们来看他执行的方法：
private void initCamera(SurfaceHolder surfaceHolder) {
try {
CameraManager.get().openDriver(surfaceHolder);//配置摄像头
} catch (IOException ioe) {
return;
} catch (RuntimeException e) {
return;
}
if (handler == null) {
handler = new CaptureActivityHandler(this, decodeFormats,
characterSet);//初始化方法里面开启摄像头预览界面。
}
}
@Override
public void surfaceChanged(SurfaceHolder holder, int format, int width,
int height) {
}
@Override
public void surfaceCreated(SurfaceHolder holder) {
if (!hasSurface) {
hasSurface = true;
initCamera(holder);
}
}
@Override
public void surfaceDestroyed(SurfaceHolder holder) {
hasSurface = false;
}
这个surfaceView 创建出来之后，其实也把摄像头的配置信息以及硬件信息初始化好了。
OK，经过上面一个oncreate以及布局文件的加载，我们已经知道，摄像头预览成功，
这个自定义的View又是干嘛的？我们继续看源码：
private final int maskColor;
private final int resultColor;
private final int resultPointColor;
private Collection<ResultPoint> possibleResultPoints;
private Collection<ResultPoint> lastPossibleResultPoints;
boolean isFirst;
public ViewfinderView(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) {
super(context, attrs);
density = context.getResources().getDisplayMetrics().density;
//将像素转换成dp
ScreenRate = (int)(20 * density);
paint = new Paint();
Resources resources = getResources();
maskColor = resources.getColor(R.color.viewfinder_mask);
resultColor = resources.getColor(R.color.result_view);
resultPointColor = resources.getColor(R.color.possible_result_points);
possibleResultPoints = new HashSet<ResultPoint>(5);
}
@Override
public void onDraw(Canvas canvas) {
//中间的扫描框，你要修改扫描框的大小，去CameraManager里面修改
Rect frame = CameraManager.get().getFramingRect();
if (frame == null) {
return;
}
//初始化中间线滑动的最上边和最下边
if(!isFirst){
isFirst = true;
slideTop = frame.top;
slideBottom = frame.bottom;
}
//获取屏幕的宽和高
int width = canvas.getWidth();
int height = canvas.getHeight();
paint.setColor(resultBitmap != null ? resultColor : maskColor);
//画出扫描框外面的阴影部分，共四个部分，扫描框的上面到屏幕上面，扫描框的下面到屏幕下面
//扫描框的左边面到屏幕左边，扫描框的右边到屏幕右边
canvas.drawRect(0, 0, width, frame.top, paint);
canvas.drawRect(0, frame.top, frame.left, frame.bottom + 1, paint);
canvas.drawRect(frame.right + 1, frame.top, width, frame.bottom + 1,
paint);
canvas.drawRect(0, frame.bottom + 1, width, height, paint);
if (resultBitmap != null) {
// Draw the opaque result bitmap over the scanning rectangle
paint.setAlpha(OPAQUE);
canvas.drawBitmap(resultBitmap, frame.left, frame.top, paint);
} else {
//画扫描框边上的角，总共8个部分
paint.setColor(Color.GREEN);
canvas.drawRect(frame.left, frame.top, frame.left + ScreenRate,
frame.top + CORNER_WIDTH, paint);
canvas.drawRect(frame.left, frame.top, frame.left + CORNER_WIDTH, frame.top
+ ScreenRate, paint);
canvas.drawRect(frame.right - ScreenRate, frame.top, frame.right,
frame.top + CORNER_WIDTH, paint);
canvas.drawRect(frame.right - CORNER_WIDTH, frame.top, frame.right, frame.top
+ ScreenRate, paint);
canvas.drawRect(frame.left, frame.bottom - CORNER_WIDTH, frame.left
+ ScreenRate, frame.bottom, paint);
canvas.drawRect(frame.left, frame.bottom - ScreenRate,
frame.left + CORNER_WIDTH, frame.bottom, paint);
canvas.drawRect(frame.right - ScreenRate, frame.bottom - CORNER_WIDTH,
frame.right, frame.bottom, paint);
canvas.drawRect(frame.right - CORNER_WIDTH, frame.bottom - ScreenRate,
frame.right, frame.bottom, paint);
//绘制中间的线,每次刷新界面，中间的线往下移动SPEEN_DISTANCE
slideTop += SPEEN_DISTANCE;
if(slideTop >= frame.bottom){
slideTop = frame.top;
}
canvas.drawRect(frame.left + MIDDLE_LINE_PADDING, slideTop - MIDDLE_LINE_WIDTH/2, frame.right - MIDDLE_LINE_PADDING,slideTop + MIDDLE_LINE_WIDTH/2, paint);
//画扫描框下面的字
paint.setColor(Color.WHITE);
paint.setTextSize(TEXT_SIZE * density);
paint.setAlpha(0x40);
paint.setTypeface(Typeface.create("System", Typeface.BOLD));
canvas.drawText(getResources().getString(R.string.scan_text), frame.left, (float) (frame.bottom + (float)TEXT_PADDING_TOP *density), paint);
Collection<ResultPoint> currentPossible = possibleResultPoints;
Collection<ResultPoint> currentLast = lastPossibleResultPoints;
if (currentPossible.isEmpty()) {
lastPossibleResultPoints = null;
} else {
possibleResultPoints = new HashSet<ResultPoint>(5);
lastPossibleResultPoints = currentPossible;
paint.setAlpha(OPAQUE);
paint.setColor(resultPointColor);
for (ResultPoint point : currentPossible) {
canvas.drawCircle(frame.left + point.getX(), frame.top
+ point.getY(), 6.0f, paint);
}
}
if (currentLast != null) {
paint.setAlpha(OPAQUE / 2);
paint.setColor(resultPointColor);
for (ResultPoint point : currentLast) {
canvas.drawCircle(frame.left + point.getX(), frame.top
+ point.getY(), 3.0f, paint);
}
}
//只刷新扫描框的内容，其他地方不刷新
postInvalidateDelayed(ANIMATION_DELAY, frame.left, frame.top,
frame.right, frame.bottom);
}
}
public void drawViewfinder() {
resultBitmap = null;
invalidate();
}
/**
* Draw a bitmap with the result points highlighted instead of the live
* scanning display.
*
* @param barcode
* An image of the decoded barcode.
*/
public void drawResultBitmap(Bitmap barcode) {
resultBitmap = barcode;
invalidate();
}
public void addPossibleResultPoint(ResultPoint point) {
possibleResultPoints.add(point);
}
哦，这个就是定义了一个有动态效果的扫描界面
上面的虽然代码不多，当时我们现在回忆一下步骤：
1，启动activity，加载布局文件，初始化surfaceView,初始化自定义的View（动态界面），
2，在初始化surfaceView的时候，同时初始化了摄像头的参数，初始化的handler处理器，启动了摄像头预览。
问题：那什么时候开始监听扫描二维码的呢？
初始化handler 的时候就开始监听了，看一下其构造函数：
public CaptureActivityHandler(Scaner activity, Vector<BarcodeFormat> decodeFormats,
String characterSet) {
this.activity = activity;
decodeThread = new DecodeThread(activity, decodeFormats, characterSet,
new ViewfinderResultPointCallback(activity.getViewfinderView()));
decodeThread.start();
state = State.SUCCESS;
// Start ourselves capturing previews and decoding.
CameraManager.get().startPreview();
restartPreviewAndDecode();
}
再来一个：上面构造函数new了一个对象，这个对象就是用来监听获取扫描的图像的。
直到获取了二维码图像，调用回调函数就结束。
final class DecodeThread extends Thread {
public static final String BARCODE_BITMAP = "barcode_bitmap";
private final Scaner activity;
private final Hashtable<DecodeHintType, Object> hints;
private Handler handler;
private final CountDownLatch handlerInitLatch;
DecodeThread(Scaner activity,
Vector<BarcodeFormat> decodeFormats,
String characterSet,
ResultPointCallback resultPointCallback) {
this.activity = activity;
handlerInitLatch = new CountDownLatch(1);
hints = new Hashtable<DecodeHintType, Object>(3);
if (decodeFormats == null || decodeFormats.isEmpty()) {
decodeFormats = new Vector<BarcodeFormat>();
decodeFormats.addAll(DecodeFormatManager.ONE_D_FORMATS);
decodeFormats.addAll(DecodeFormatManager.QR_CODE_FORMATS);
decodeFormats.addAll(DecodeFormatManager.DATA_MATRIX_FORMATS);
}
hints.put(DecodeHintType.POSSIBLE_FORMATS, decodeFormats);
if (characterSet != null) {
hints.put(DecodeHintType.CHARACTER_SET, characterSet);
}
hints.put(DecodeHintType.NEED_RESULT_POINT_CALLBACK, resultPointCallback);
}
Handler getHandler() {
try {
handlerInitLatch.await();
} catch (InterruptedException ie) {
// continue?
}
return handler;
}
@Override
public void run() {
Looper.prepare();
handler = new DecodeHandler(activity, hints);
handlerInitLatch.countDown();
Looper.loop();
}
}
回调函数：
public void handleDecode(Result result, Bitmap barcode) {
inactivityTimer.onActivity();
playBeepSoundAndVibrate();
String resultString = result.getText();
if (resultString.equals("")) {
Toast.makeText(Scaner.this, "Scan failed!",3000).show();
} else {
//扫描结果的处理。
}
Scaner.this.finish();
}
