对象大小对比之Comparable与Comparator

一 概述

1.Comparable与Comparator使用背景

数值型数据(byte int short long float double)天生可对比大小,可排序,String实现了Comparable接口也可以对比大小与排序,而自定义类多种多样,没有一个共有的可以用作排序的指标,因此需要在自定义类中手动建立对比的方法,出于这个目的,java提供了两个接口Comparable与Comparator。

2.集合排序

Collections.sort()底层排序依靠的是Arrays.sort(),而Arrays.sort()排序时采用的是冒泡法。

二 Comparable

需要对比大小的对象可以实现Comparable接口,实现其中的抽象方法,该抽象方法用来设定比较的方式。下面以一个示例进行说明:

1.实体类

package com.javase.collections.comparable;

public class Student implements Comparable<Student> {

    private String name;
    private int score;

    public Student() {
        super();
    }

    public Student(String name, int score) {
        super();
        this.name = name;
        this.score = score;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public int getScore() {
        return score;
    }

    public void setScore(int score) {
        this.score = score;
    }

    @Override
    public int compareTo(Student stu) {
        return this.score - stu.score;// 操作对象减去参数对象,升序排列,反之降序。
    }

}

在compareTo()方法中,以属性score为排序指标,采用“this.score-stu.score”,最终结果以升序排列,反之降序。

2.测试类

package com.javase.collections.comparable;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.List;

import org.junit.Test;

public class ComparableTest {

    @Test
    public void testComparable() {
        List<Student> stus = new ArrayList<Student>();
        Student zhangsan = new Student("zhangsan", 100);
        Student lisi = new Student("lisi", 90);
        Student wanger = new Student("wanger", 95);
        stus.add(zhangsan);
        stus.add(lisi);
        stus.add(wanger);
        System.out.println("排序前");
        for (Student x : stus) {
            System.out.println(x.getName() + "::" + x.getScore());
        }
        System.out.println("排序后");
        Collections.sort(stus);
        for (Student x : stus) {
            System.out.println(x.getName() + "::" + x.getScore());
        }
    }

}

输出:

三 Comparator

如果一个类在创建时未实现Comparable接口,希望在不修改源码的情况下对其对象进行排序,可以在调用排序方法时实现Comparator比较器接口,指定排序方法。下面以一个示例进行说明:

1.实体类

package com.javase.collections.comparator;

public class Student {
    private String name;
    private int score;

    public Student() {
        super();
    }

    public Student(String name, int score) {
        super();
        this.name = name;
        this.score = score;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public int getScore() {
        return score;
    }

    public void setScore(int score) {
        this.score = score;
    }

}

2.测试类

package com.javase.collections.comparator;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.Comparator;
import java.util.List;

import org.junit.Test;

public class ComparatorTest {

    @Test
    public void test() {
        List<Student> stus = new ArrayList<Student>();
        Student zhangsan = new Student("zhangsan", 100);
        Student lisi = new Student("lisi", 90);
        Student wanger = new Student("wanger", 95);
        stus.add(zhangsan);
        stus.add(lisi);
        stus.add(wanger);
        System.out.println("排序前");
        for (Student x : stus) {
            System.out.println(x.getName() + "::" + x.getScore());
        }
        System.out.println("-----------------------");
        Collections.sort(stus, new Comparator<Student>() {
            @Override
            public int compare(Student stu01, Student stu02) {
                // return stu01.getScore() - stu02.getScore();//升序
                return stu02.getScore() - stu01.getScore();// 降序
            }
        });

        System.out.println("排序后");
        for (Student x : stus) {
            System.out.println(x.getName() + "::" + x.getScore());
        }
    }

}

在compare(Student stu01, Student stu02)方法中,以属性score为排序指标,采用“stu01.score-stu02.score”,最终结果升序排列,反之降序。

输出:

 

参考:

http://www.tiantianbianma.com/java-comparable-comparator.html/

posted @ 2017-07-10 23:16  tonghun  阅读(744)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报