爬虫实战01——爬取猫眼电影top100榜单

#需求：抓取猫眼电影TOP100的电影名称、时间、评分、图片等信息，提取的结果会以文件的形式保存下来
import requests
import time
from lxml import etree
import json
import csv
import codecs

class MaoYanTop100Spider:
    #存储电影详情页的url
    film_page_url_list = []
    #存储每个的电影信息
    #film_info = {}
    film_info_list = []

    # 1.获取电影列表页数据
    def Top100_list(self, session, headers):
        #1.1向列表页发送请求
        #https://maoyan.com/board/4?offset=20
        #（1）固定url
        base_url = "https://maoyan.com/board/4"
        #（2）url变化部分：
        for i in range(0, 91, 10):
            #（3）拼接URL：
            final_url = base_url + "?offset=" + str(i)
            #（4）发送请求：
            time.sleep(5)
            response = session.get(url=final_url, headers=headers)
            #1.2解析列表页
            film_list_page_data = response.content.decode("utf-8")
            #1.2.1使用xpath解析数据
            #（1）转类型
            xpath_data = etree.HTML(film_list_page_data)
            #(2)
            #/dl/dd[1]/a
            #dl/dd[10]/a/img[2]
            # dl / dd[2] / a / img[2]
            for xpath_num in range(1, 11):
                # 电影名称
                #dl/dd[1]/a
                film_name = xpath_data.xpath('//dl[@class="board-wrapper"]/dd[' + str(xpath_num) + ']/a/@title')[0]

                # 时间
                #//*[@id="app"]/div/div/div[1]/dl/dd[1]/div/div/div[1]/p[3]
                #dl/dd[1]/div/div/div[1]/p[3]
                #dl/dd[2]/div/div/div[1]/p[3]
                film_time = xpath_data.xpath('//dl[@class="board-wrapper"]/dd[' + str(xpath_num) + ']/div/div/div[1]/p[3]/text()')[0][5:].strip()

                # 主演
                #dl/dd[1]/div/div/div[1]/p[2]
                film_actors = xpath_data.xpath('//dl[@class="board-wrapper"]/dd[' + str(xpath_num) + ']/div/div/div[1]/p[2]/text()')[0].strip()[3:]

                # 评分
                #dl/dd[1]/div/div/div[2]/p/i[1]
                score_int = xpath_data.xpath('//dl[@class="board-wrapper"]/dd[' + str(xpath_num) + ']/div/div/div[2]/p/i[1]/text()')[0]
                #dl/dd[1]/div/div/div[2]/p/i[2]
                score_fraction = xpath_data.xpath('//dl[@class="board-wrapper"]/dd[' + str(xpath_num) + ']/div/div/div[2]/p/i[2]/text()')[0]
                film_score = str(score_int) + str(score_fraction)
                # 图片
                #dl/dd[1]/a/img[2]
                #dl/dd[1]/a/img[2]
                film_img = xpath_data.xpath('//dl[@class="board-wrapper"]/dd[' + str(xpath_num) + ']/a/img[2]/@data-src')[0]

                # 详情页url
                #dl/dd[1]/div/div/div[1]/p[1]/a
                #dl/dd[1]/div/div/div[1]/p[1]/a
                film_url = xpath_data.xpath('//dl[@class="board-wrapper"]/dd[' + str(xpath_num) + ']/div/div/div[1]/p[1]/a/@href')[0]

                #电影信息
                film_info = {}
                film_info["name"] = film_name
                film_info["time"] = film_time
                film_info["actors"] = film_actors
                film_info["score"] = film_score
                film_info["img"] = film_img
                film_info["url"] = film_url
                self.film_info_list.append(film_info)
                #print(film_info)
                #详情页url
                self.film_page_url_list.append(film_url)





    # 2.获取电影详情页数据
    def film_page(self, url, session, headers, num):
        #2.1向详情页发送请求
        base_url = "https://maoyan.com"
        final_url = base_url + str(url)
        print(final_url)
        time.sleep(3)
        response = session.get(url=final_url, headers=headers)
        data = response.content.decode("utf-8")
        #print(response)
        #2.2解析详情页
        xpath_data = etree.HTML(data)
        #//*[@id="app"]/div/div[1]/div/div[2]/div[1]/div[1]/div[2]/span
        film_summary = xpath_data.xpath('//span[@class="dra"]/text()')[0].strip()
        #print(film_summary)
        self.film_info_list[num]["summary"] = film_summary

    #将数据保存至CSV文件
    def save_data(self):
        #1.读取json文件，创建csv文件
        #json_fp = open("new.json", "r")
        csv_fp = codecs.open("maoyan.csv", "w", "utf-8")
        #2.提出csv文件表头，表内容
        #2.1 表头
        #data_list = json.load(json_fp)
        title_list = self.film_info_list[0].keys()

        #2.2 表内容
        excel_data = []
        for data in self.film_info_list:
            excel_data.append(data.values())
        #3.使用csv写入器，写入文件
        #3.1创建csv写入器
        csv_writer = csv.writer(csv_fp)
        #3.2写入表头和表内容
        #（1）写入表头
        csv_writer.writerow(title_list)
        #（2）写入表内容
        csv_writer.writerows(excel_data)
        #4.关闭csv文件和json文件
        #json_fp.close()
        csv_fp.close()

    #运行：
    def run(self):
        #0.创建session，维持会话
        session = requests.Session()
        #0.1请求头：headers
        headers = {
            "User-Agent": "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/75.0.3770.100 Safari/537.36",
        }
        #1.获取电影列表页数据
        self.Top100_list(session=session, headers=headers)
        #print(self.film_info_list)
        #2.获取电影详情页数据
        for i, film_page_url in enumerate(self.film_page_url_list):
            self.film_page(url=film_page_url, session=session, headers=headers, num=i)
            print(self.film_info_list[i])

        #3.保存数据
        self.save_data()



MaoYanTop100Spider().run()