Nginx实现url请求不区分大小写
原文地址:http://blog.linuxeye.com/382.html
如果你将跑在Windows下的项目(如:php)迁移到Linux下,由于Windows操作系统中,文件名是不区分大小写的;而Linux系统是大小写敏感,会导致有些网页出现404情况。
解决方法有大概4种:
1、 url rewrite
2、 perl模块
3、 lua模块
4、 ngx_http_lower_upper_case
第一种方法适用于有规则的或者较少的url需要转换,如果有大量并无规则的请用下面几种方法
第二、三、四种方法前提是Linux系统本地文件是小写,原理是将url请求转换成小写来处理
perl模块(不推荐!Nginx官网已申明perl模块存在内存漏洞的可能),方法如下(《lnmp一键安装包》安装后执行下面):
cd lnmp/src/nginx-1.4.4 make clean #清除已经编译出的nginx# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -V #获取已编译参数 nginx version: nginx/1.4.4 built by gcc 4.4.720120313(RedHat4.4.7-3)(GCC) TLS SNI support enabled configure arguments:--prefix=/usr/local/nginx --user=www --group=www --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_ssl_module --with-http_flv_module --with-http_gzip_static_module --with-ld-opt='-ljemalloc'
在已经编译的参数后面加上 –with-http_perl_module ,如下:
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --user=www --group=www --with-http_stub_status_module \ --with-http_ssl_module --with-http_flv_module --with-http_gzip_static_module --with-ld-opt='-ljemalloc' \ --with-http_perl_module
可能会报如下错误:
Can't locate ExtUtils/Embed.pm in @INC (@INC contains: /usr/local/lib64/perl5 /usr/local/share/perl5 /usr/lib64/perl5/vendor_perl /usr/share/perl5/vendor_perl /usr/lib64/perl5 /usr/share/perl5 .). BEGIN failed--compilation aborted. ./configure: error: perl module ExtUtils::Embed is required
解决方法(CentOS):
yum -y install perl-devel perl-ExtUtils-Embed
再次编译:
make clean ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --user=www --group=www --with-http_stub_status_module \ --with-http_ssl_module --with-http_flv_module --with-http_gzip_static_module --with-ld-opt='-ljemalloc' \ --with-http_perl_module make cp /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx$(date +%m%d)#备份nginx原文件 service nginx stop make install #直接安装,如果只覆盖nginx,会有报错/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t
修改配置主文件(/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf):
perl_set $url ' sub { my $r = shift; my $re = lc($r->uri); return $re; } ';
修改虚拟主机配置文件(如:/usr/local/nginx/conf/vhost/demo.linuxeye.com.conf):
if($uri ~[A-Z]){ rewrite ^(.*)$ $url last;}
lua模块(推荐!)
lua-nginx-module来自大牛agentzh的开源项目,在Nginx中嵌入Lua语言,使之可以支持强大Lua语法,如下:
cd lnmp/src wget http://luajit.org/download/LuaJIT-2.0.2.tar.gz wget https://github.com/simpl/ngx_devel_kit/archive/v0.2.19.tar.gz #ngx_devel_kit wget https://github.com/chaoslawful/lua-nginx-module/archive/v0.9.2.tar.gz #nginx_lua_module tar xzf LuaJIT-2.0.2.tar.gz tar xzf v0.2.19.tar.gz tar xzf v0.9.2.tar.gz cd LuaJIT-2.0.2 make && make install export LUAJIT_LIB=/usr/local/lib export LUAJIT_INC=/usr/local/include/luajit-2.0
cd nginx-1.4.4 make clean #清除已经编译出的nginx# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -V #获取已编译参数 nginx version: nginx/1.4.4 built by gcc 4.4.720120313(RedHat4.4.7-3)(GCC) TLS SNI support enabled configure arguments:--prefix=/usr/local/nginx --user=www --group=www --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_ssl_module --with-http_flv_module --with-http_gzip_static_module --with-ld-opt='-ljemalloc'
重新编译Nginx:
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --user=www --group=www --with-http_stub_status_module \ --with-http_ssl_module --with-http_flv_module --with-http_gzip_static_module --with-ld-opt=-ljemalloc \ --add-module=../lua-nginx-module-0.9.2--add-module=../ngx_devel_kit-0.2.19 make cp /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx$(date +%m%d)#备份nginx原文件 service nginx stop make install #直接安装,如果只覆盖nginx,可能会报错 ldconfig #重新读取库文件,否则报错/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t
修改配置文件(如:/usr/local/nginx/conf/vhost/demo.linuxeye.com.conf):
location /{if($uri ~[A-Z]){ rewrite_by_lua 'return ngx.redirect(string.lower(ngx.var.uri),ngx.HTTP_MOVED_PERMANENTLY)';}}
ngx_http_lower_upper_case模块
参考:https://github.com/replay/ngx_http_lower_upper_case