JUC（七）分支合并框架

JUC分支合并框架

简介

Fork/Join可以将一个大的任务拆分成多个子任务进行并行处理，最后将子任务的结果合并称为最终的计算结果。

• Fork：负责将任务拆分
• Join：合并拆分任务
• ForkJoinPool：分支合并池，添加分支合并任务，使用get得到计算结果

案例一：实现1+...+100，要求计算过程不能有相差超过10的数字的相加

class MyTask extends RecursiveTask<Integer> {
    private final Integer VALUE = 10;
    private Integer begin;
    private Integer end;
    MyTask(int begin, int end) {
        this.begin = begin;
        this.end = end;
    }
    @Override
    public Integer compute() {
        int result = 0;
        if(end - begin >= VALUE) {
            int mid = (end + begin) / 2;
            MyTask myTask1 = new MyTask(begin, mid);
            MyTask myTask2 = new MyTask(mid + 1, end);
            myTask1.fork();
            myTask2.fork();
 
            result += myTask1.join() + myTask2.join();
        } else {
            for(int i = begin; i <= end; i++) {
                result += i;
            }
        }
        return result;
    }
}
 
public class ForkJoinTaskDemo {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws ExecutionException, InterruptedException {
        MyTask task = new MyTask(1, 100);
        ForkJoinPool forkJoinPool = new ForkJoinPool();
        ForkJoinTask<Integer> submit = forkJoinPool.submit(task);
        Integer integer = submit.get();
        forkJoinPool.shutdown();
        System.out.println(integer);
    }
}

案例二：实现分支计算斐波那契数列

class Fi extends RecursiveTask<Integer>{
    private final int n;
    Fi(int n) {
        this.n = n;
    }
    @Override
    protected Integer compute() {
        if(n == 0 || n ==1) {
            return 1;
        }
        Fi f1 = new Fi(n-1);
        Fi f2 = new Fi(n-2);
        f1.fork();
        f2.fork();
 
        return f1.join() + f2.join();
    }
}
 
public class ForkJoinTaskDemo {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws ExecutionException, InterruptedException {
        Fi fi = new Fi(5);
        ForkJoinPool pool = new ForkJoinPool();
        Integer integer = pool.submit(fi).get();
        System.out.println(integer);
    }
}

JUC CompletableFuture异步回调

两个异步方法：

• CompletableFuture.runAsync：不带返回值的异步方法
• CompletableFuture.supplyAsync：携带返回值的异步方法

public static CompletableFuture<Void> runAsync(Runnable runnable) {
    return asyncRunStage(ASYNC_POOL, runnable);
}
 
/**
 * Returns a new CompletableFuture that is asynchronously completed
 * by a task running in the given executor after it runs the given
 * action.
 *
 * @param runnable the action to run before completing the
 * returned CompletableFuture
 * @param executor the executor to use for asynchronous execution
 * @return the new CompletableFuture
 */
public static CompletableFuture<Void> runAsync(Runnable runnable,
                                               Executor executor) {
    return asyncRunStage(screenExecutor(executor), runnable);
}

public static void main(String[] args) throws ExecutionException, InterruptedException {
    CompletableFuture<Void> future1 = CompletableFuture.runAsync(() -> {
        System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName());
    });
    future1.get();
 
    CompletableFuture<Integer> future2 = CompletableFuture.supplyAsync(() -> {
        System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName());
        int i = 1 / 0;
        return 1024;
    });
    future2.whenComplete((t, u) -> {
        System.out.println(t);
        System.out.println(u);
    });
}

whenComplete获取返回值的时候，第一个参数为值，第二个参数为异步产生的异常

ForkJoinPool.commonPool-worker-1
ForkJoinPool.commonPool-worker-1
null
java.util.concurrent.CompletionException: java.lang.ArithmeticException: / by zero