perl 自定义包/模块的使用（正则表达式匹配email地址和ip)

1. 正则表达式

email: =~ /^([0-9a-zA-Z]{3,}|[0-9a-zA-Z]+(-|_)?[0-9a-zA-Z_-]+\.?[0-9a-zA-Z]+)\@[0-9a-zA-Z]+\.[0-9a-zA-Z]+(\.\w+)?/;

ip =~/([0-9]{1,3}\.?){4}/;

. Match any character except a wrap character.

\w Match "word" character and [_0-9a-zA-Z]

\W Match non-word character [^_0-9a-zA-Z]

\s Match whitespace character [ \r\t\n\f]

\S Match non-whitespace character [^ \r\t\n\f]

\d Match digit character [0-9]

\D Match non-digit character [^0-9]

\t Match tab

\n Match newline

^ Match the head

$ Match the end

* Match 0 or more times

+ Match 1 or more times

? Match 0 or 1 times

{n} Match exactly n times

{n,} Match at least n times

{n,m} Match at least n but not more than m times

a|b match a or match b

2.自定义包/模块

包和模块的区别：

1.一个包的定义可以跨多个模块，一个模块中也可以有多个包定义；

2.定义模块时模块名必须和文件名一致，包无此要求；

注意：包和模块文件末尾需要加1；（return 1）

比如：定义包名为getip.pm 在包文件里写入package getip;

View Code

 1 #!/usr/bin/perl -w
 2 package packagetest;
 3 use strict;
 4 sub get_local_ip
 5 {
 6   chomp(my $ip=`ifconfig eth0|grep -oE '([0-9]{1,3}\\.?){4}'|head -n 1`);
 7   return $ip;
 8 }
 9 sub check_email
10 {
11   my $temp=$_[0];
12   if($temp=~/^([0-9a-zA-Z]{3,}|[0-9a-zA-Z]+(-|_)?[0-9a-zA-Z_-]+\.?[0-9a-zA-Z]+)\@[0-9a-zA-Z]+\.[0-9a-zA-Z]+(\.\w+)?/)
13   {
14    return $temp;
15   }
16   else
17   {
18     return $temp="illegal email address!"
19   }
20 }
21 1;

3.如何使用

使用自定义包，在perl文件加入

package packagetest;（和包放在同一目录下）

使用函数：

包名：：函数名

View Code

 1 #!/usr/bin/perl -w
 2 require "package.pm";
 3 package packagetest;
 4 $localip=&packagetest::get_local_ip;
 5 print $localip;
 6 print "\n";
 7 $mail=&packagetest::check_email('someone_example@cn.com');
 8 print "$mail\n";
 9 [root@localhost perl]# more getip.pl 
10 #!/usr/bin/perl -w
11 require "package.pm";
12 package packagetest;
13 $localip=&packagetest::get_local_ip;
14 print $localip;
15 print "\n";
16 $mail=&packagetest::check_email('someone_example@cn.com');
17 print "$mail\n";