使用nmcli来管理Linux网络

nmcli

nmcli命令是CentOS8新增的，nm是服务NetworkManager的缩写，cli表示命令行界面。

systemctl status network 命令在centos8已经被官方淘汰，不再使用

查看NetworkManager服务状态，默认是开启的

systemctl status NetworkManager

Abbreviate

Parameter	Abbreviate
connection	c
show	s
modify	m
device	d
networking	n
general	g

nmcli可以查看当前主机上的网络设置

$ nmcli
ens192: connected to ens192
        "VMware VMXNET3"
        ethernet (vmxnet3), 00:50:56:A8:BA:09, hw, mtu 1500
        ip4 default
        inet4 192.168.111.170/24
        route4 192.168.111.0/24 metric 100
        route4 default via 192.168.111.1 metric 100
        inet6 fe80::250:56ff:fea8:ba09/64
        route6 fe80::/64 metric 1024

virbr0: connected (externally) to virbr0
        "virbr0"
        bridge, 52:54:00:B5:8B:43, sw, mtu 1500
        inet4 192.168.122.1/24
        route4 192.168.122.0/24 metric 0

lo: unmanaged
        "lo"
        loopback (unknown), 00:00:00:00:00:00, sw, mtu 65536

DNS configuration:
        servers: 8.8.8.8
        interface: ens192

connection

查看网卡信息

nmcli connection 与nmcli connection show皆可

$ nmcli c s
NAME    UUID                                  TYPE      DEVICE
ens192  ab155b3e-d274-4ad7-87bb-9e4034746dcd  ethernet  ens192
virbr0  bdb04bd3-66f5-4129-86a1-401a99270644  bridge    virbr0

显示具体的网络接口信息

nmcli connection show ens192

显示所有活动连接

nmcli connection show --active

设置IP（IPADDR）

nmcli connection modify ens192 ipv4.addresses 192.168.0.58

添加一个ipv4地址

nmcli connection modify ens192 +ipv4.addresses 192.168.0.59/24

添加子网掩码（NETMASK）

nmcli connection modify ens192 ipv4.addresses 192.168.0.58/24

删除一个ipv4

nmcli connection modify ens192 -ipv4.addresses 192.168.0.59/24

IP获取方式设置成手动（BOOTPROTO=static/none）

nmcli connection modify ens192 ipv4.method manual

添加DNS

nmcli connection modify ens192 ipv4.dns 114.114.114.114

删除DNS

nmcli connection modify ens192 -ipv4.dns 114.114.114.114

设置网关（GATEWAY）

nmcli connection modify ens192 ipv4.gateway 192.168.0.2

使用nmcli重新回载网络配置

nmcli connection reload

如果之前没有xxx的connection，则上一步reload后就已经自动生效了，否则需要使用下面命令启用新的IP

nmcli connection up ens192

设备开机自动加载（ONBOOT=yes）

nmcli connection modify connection.autoconnect yes

删除一个网卡连接

nmcli connection delete ens192

设置IP地址、网关及DNS：

nmcli connection modify ens192 ipv4.addresses 192.168.0.58/24 ipv4.gateway 192.168.0.2 ipv4.dns 114.114.114.114 

仅显示IPV4信息

 nmcli connection show ens192 |grep ipv4|egrep ".method|addresses|gateway|\.dns:"

device

查看设备状态：nmcli device或nmcli device show

$ nmcli device
DEVICE  TYPE      STATE                   CONNECTION
ens192  ethernet  connected               ens192
virbr0  bridge    connected (externally)  virbr0

general

general status and operations

$ nmcli g
STATE      CONNECTIVITY  WIFI-HW  WIFI     WWAN-HW  WWAN
connected  full          missing  enabled  missing  enabled

networking

overall networking control

$ nmcli n
enabled