python 内置模块之logging

1、将日志直接输出到屏幕

import logging

logging.debug('This is debug message')
logging.info('This is info message')
logging.warning('This is warning message')

# 默认情况下,logging将日志打印到屏幕,日志级别为WARNING;

#output====================================
# WARNING:root:This is warning message

2.通过logging.basicConfig函数对日志的输出格式及方式做相关配置

import logging

logging.basicConfig(level=logging.DEBUG,
                format='%(asctime)s %(filename)s[line:%(lineno)d] %(levelname)s %(message)s',
                datefmt='%a, %d %b %Y %H:%M:%S',
                filename='myapp.log',
                filemode='w')
    
logging.debug('This is debug message')
logging.info('This is info message')
logging.warning('This is warning message')


#./myapp.log文件中内容为:
#Sun, 24 May 2009 21:48:54 demo2.py[line:11] DEBUG This is debug message
#Sun, 24 May 2009 21:48:54 demo2.py[line:12] INFO This is info message
#Sun, 24 May 2009 21:48:54 demo2.py[line:13] WARNING This is warning message

logging.basicConfig参数:

#logging.basicConfig函数各参数:
filename: 指定日志文件名
filemode: 和file函数意义相同,指定日志文件的打开模式,'w''a'
format: 指定输出的格式和内容,format可以输出很多有用信息,如上例所示:
    %(levelno)s:     打印日志级别的数值
    %(levelname)s:     打印日志级别名称
    %(pathname)s:     打印当前执行程序的路径,其实就是sys.argv[0]
    %(filename)s:     打印当前执行程序名
    %(funcName)s:     打印日志的当前函数
    %(lineno)d:     打印日志的当前行号
    %(asctime)s:     打印日志的时间
    %(thread)d:     打印线程ID
    %(threadName)s: 打印线程名称
    %(process)d:     打印进程ID
    %(message)s:     打印日志信息
datefmt:     指定时间格式,同time.strftime()
level:         设置日志级别,默认为logging.WARNING
stream:     指定将日志的输出流,可以指定输出到sys.stderr,sys.stdout或者文件,默认输出到sys.stderr,当stream和filename同时指定时,stream被忽略

3、将日志同时输出到多个Handler

先定义一个住handler,并使用addHander()添加到主handler,实现日志输出到多个handler.

a、同时输出到文件和屏幕

import logging
#设置一个basicConfig只能输出到一个Handler
logging.basicConfig(level=logging.DEBUG,
                format='%(asctime)s %(filename)s[line:%(lineno)d] %(levelname)s %(message)s',
                datefmt='%a, %d %b %Y %H:%M:%S',
                filename='myapp.log',
                filemode='w')

#定义一个StreamHandler,将INFO级别或更高的日志信息打印到标准错误,并将其添加到当前的日志处理对象#
console = logging.StreamHandler()
console.setLevel(logging.INFO)
formatter = logging.Formatter('%(name)-12s: %(levelname)-8s %(message)s')
console.setFormatter(formatter)
logging.getLogger('').addHandler(console)

#输出到文件的log级别为debug,输出到stream的log级别为info
logging.debug('This is debug message')
logging.info('This is info message')
logging.warning('This is warning message')

 

b、添加一个handler:输出到文件,并根据文件大小滚动存储

  在a的基础上添加一个handler

from logging.handlers import RotatingFileHandler
#定义一个RotatingFileHandler,最多备份5个日志文件,每个日志文件最大10M
Rthandler = RotatingFileHandler('myapp.log', maxBytes=10*1024*1024,backupCount=5)
Rthandler.setLevel(logging.INFO)
formatter = logging.Formatter('%(name)-12s: %(levelname)-8s %(message)s')
Rthandler.setFormatter(formatter)
logging.getLogger('').addHandler(Rthandler)

logging几种Handler类型:

logging.StreamHandler(默认):     日志输出到流,可以是sys.stderr、sys.stdout或者文件
logging.FileHandler:             日志输出到文件
logging.handlers.RotatingFileHandler    日志输出到文件,基于文件大小滚动存储日志
logging.handlers.TimedRotatingFileHandler    日志输出到文件,基于时间周期滚动存储日志
logging.handlers.SocketHandler:     远程输出日志到TCP/IP sockets
logging.handlers.DatagramHandler:      远程输出日志到UDP sockets
logging.handlers.SMTPHandler:          远程输出日志到邮件地址
logging.handlers.SysLogHandler:     日志输出到syslog
logging.handlers.NTEventLogHandler: 远程输出日志到Windows NT/2000/XP的事件日志
logging.handlers.MemoryHandler:     日志输出到内存中的制定buffer
logging.handlers.HTTPHandler:         通过"GET""POST"远程输出到HTTP服务器

 

4、通过配置文件配置logger

a、定义配置文件logger.conf

#logger.conf
###############################################
[loggers]
keys=root,example01,example02
[logger_root]
level=DEBUG
handlers=hand01,hand02
[logger_example01]
handlers=hand01,hand02
qualname=example01
propagate=0
[logger_example02]
handlers=hand01,hand03
qualname=example02
propagate=0
###############################################

[handlers]
keys=hand01,hand02,hand03
[handler_hand01]
class=StreamHandler
level=INFO
formatter=form02
args=(sys.stderr,)
[handler_hand02]
class=FileHandler
level=DEBUG
formatter=form01
args=('myapp.log', 'a')
[handler_hand03]
class=handlers.RotatingFileHandler
level=INFO
formatter=form02
args=('myapp.log', 'a', 10*1024*1024, 5)
###############################################
[formatters]
keys=form01,form02
[formatter_form01]
format=%(asctime)s %(filename)s[line:%(lineno)d] %(levelname)s %(message)s
datefmt=%a, %d %b %Y %H:%M:%S
[formatter_form02]
format=%(name)-12s: %(levelname)-8s %(message)s
datefmt=

b、logging.config获取配置

import logging
import logging.config

logging.config.fileConfig("logger.conf")
logger = logging.getLogger("example01")

logger.debug('This is debug message')
logger.info('This is info message')
logger.warning('This is warning message')
import logging
import logging.config

logging.config.fileConfig("logger.conf")
logger = logging.getLogger("example02")

logger.debug('This is debug message')
logger.info('This is info message')
logger.warning('This is warning message')
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posted on 2016-11-02 16:58  苍松  阅读(808)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报

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