Spring Boot . 2 -- 用Spring Boot 创建一个Java Web 应用

  • 通过 start.spring.io 创建工程
  • 通过 IDEA 创建工程

     🌰《Spring Boot In Action》 中的例子

     建立一个展示阅读列表的应用。不同的用户将读过的书的数据登记进来,每次进到页面都能看到相应的读书记录。

     1. 首先登录页面 start.spring.io。

     页面大概长这个样子:

     点击空框内的链接,会展示更全面的参数选择。【参数填好后】,选择 “Generate Project” 就可以将一个完整的Spring Boot 工程下载下来了。

     工程的目录是这样的:

     

      pom.xml 是工程构建的明细、ReadingListApplication.java 是bootstrap类 也是Sping 的首要配置类、application.properties 是Spring Boot 和应用读取特定属性的文件;在test目录下 的ReadinglistApplicationTests.java 的就是最基本的测试类。 

BOOTSTRAPING SPRING

     类ReadingListApplication充当了两个角色:配置Spring,启动Spring。虽然Spring Boot 负责了几乎所有的配置任务,但是总要有个入口来告诉Spring Boot 开始进行 AUTO-CONFIGURE,在ReadingListApplication.java 中有一些注解就是唤起自动配置:

@SpringBootApplication  // 就是这个注解唤起自动配置
public class ReadinglistApplication {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(ReadinglistApplication.class, args);
    }
}

    @SpringBootApplication 触发了 Component-Scanning 和 自动配置。实际上这个注解做了其他三个注解做的事儿。

  1. @Configuration 等价于在XML中配置了Beans。这个是基于Java的配置。
  2. @ComponentScan。相当于启动了 Component scanning,其他标记@Controller和@Component的类可以在Spring的Context中被发现和注册。
  3. @EnableAutoConfiguration 。这个注解本身就是Spring Boot 开启自动配置的。

     那么问题来了,怎么启动这个应用呢?最简单的办法大概就是 在IDEA中直接右键->Run main(). 当然还有CLI的、war 形式的。这些后续慢慢写。

     现在开发一个简单的 ReadingListApplication了。需要定义一个Book类表示读过的书、一个Repository来存储读书记录、一个Controller相应Http请求、一个页面承接用户的操作。其他的就不需要了。那这些代码这么来写就好了。

     Book.java

import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.GenerationType;
import javax.persistence.Id;

@Entity
public class Book {

    @Id
    @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.AUTO)
    private Long id;
    private String reader;
    private String isbn;
    private String title;
    private String author;
    private String description;

    public Long getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(Long id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getReader() {
        return reader;
    }

    public void setReader(String reader) {
        this.reader = reader;
    }

    public String getIsbn() {
        return isbn;
    }

    public void setIsbn(String isbn) {
        this.isbn = isbn;
    }

    public String getTitle() {
        return title;
    }

    public void setTitle(String title) {
        this.title = title;
    }

    public String getAuthor() {
        return author;
    }

    public void setAuthor(String author) {
        this.author = author;
    }

    public String getDescription() {
        return description;
    }

    public void setDescription(String description) {
        this.description = description;
    }
}
View Code

    ReadingListRepository.java

package readinglist;

/**
 * Created on 17/1/4.
 */

import java.util.List;
import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.JpaRepository;

public interface ReadingListRepository extends JpaRepository<Book, Long> {
    List<Book> findByReader(String reader);
}
View Code

     ReadingListController.java

package readinglist;

/**
 * Created on 17/1/4.
 */

import java.util.List;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationProperties;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;

@Controller
@RequestMapping("/")
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "amazon")
public class ReadingListController {

    Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(ReadingListController.class);
    private ReadingListRepository readingListRepository;

    private String associateId;

    @Autowired
    public ReadingListController(ReadingListRepository readingListRepository) {
        this.readingListRepository = readingListRepository;
    }

    @RequestMapping(value = "/{reader}", method = RequestMethod.GET)
    public String getReadingList(@PathVariable("reader") String reader, Model model) {

        List<Book> bookList = readingListRepository.findByReader(reader);

        if (null != bookList) {
            model.addAttribute("books", bookList);
        }

        logger.warn("Here IS Log Output. AssociateId is {}.",associateId);

        return "readingList";
    }

    @RequestMapping(value = "/{reader}", method = RequestMethod.POST)
    public String addToReadingList(@PathVariable("reader") String reader, Book book) {
        book.setReader(reader);
        readingListRepository.save(book);
        return "redirect:/{reader}";
    }

    public void setAssociateId(String associateId) {
        this.associateId = associateId;
    }
}
View Code

     readlingList.html

<html xmlns:th="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
    <title>Reading List</title>
    <link rel="stylesheet" th:href="@{/style.css}" />
</head>
<body>
<h2>Your Reading List</h2>

<div th:unless="${#lists.isEmpty(books)}">
    <dl th:each="book : ${books}">
        <dt class="bookHeadline">
            <span th:text="${book.title}">Title</span> by
            <span th:text="${book.author}">Author</span>
            (ISBN: <span th:text="${book.isbn}">ISBN</span>)
        </dt>
        <dd class="bookDescription">
          <span th:if="${book.description}"
                th:text="${book.description}">Description</span>
          <span th:if="${book.description eq null}">
                No description available</span>
        </dd>
    </dl>
</div>
<div th:if="${#lists.isEmpty(books)}">
    <p>You have no books in your book list</p>
</div>
<hr/>
<h3>Add a book</h3>

<form method="POST">
    <label for="title">Title:</label>
    <input type="text" name="title" size="50"></input><br/>
    <label for="author">Author:</label>
    <input type="text" name="author" size="50"></input><br/>
    <label for="isbn">ISBN:</label>
    <input type="text" name="isbn" size="15"></input><br/>
    <label for="description">Description:</label><br/>
        <textarea name="description" cols="80" rows="5">
        </textarea><br/>
    <input type="submit"></input>
</form>
</body>
</html>
View Code

 

启动即可。

 

posted on 2017-01-11 19:51  来也  阅读(9059)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报