Ubuntu16.04安装及配置nginx
Nginx ("engine x") 是一个高性能的 HTTP 和 反向代理 服务器,也是一个 IMAP/POP3/SMTP 代理服务器。 Nginx 是由 Igor Sysoev 为俄罗斯访问量第二的 Rambler.ru 站点开发的,第一个公开版本0.1.0发布于2004年10月4日。其将源代码以类BSD许可证的形式发布,因它的稳定性、丰富的功能集、示例配置文件和低系统资源的消耗而闻名。
首先需安装nginx依赖库
1.安装gcc g++的依赖库
apt-get install build-essential apt-get install libtool
2.安装pcre依赖库
sudo apt-get update sudo apt-get install libpcre3 libpcre3-dev
3.安装zlib依赖库
apt-get install zlib1g-dev
4.安装ssl依赖库
apt-get install openssl
安装nginx
#下载最新版本: wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.11.3.tar.gz #解压: tar -zxvf nginx-1.11.3.tar.gz #进入解压目录: cd nginx-1.11.3 #配置: ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx #编辑nginx: make 注意:这里可能会报错,提示“pcre.h No such file or directory”,具体详见:http://stackoverflow.com/questions/22555561/error-building-fatal-error-pcre-h-no-such-file-or-directory 需要安装 libpcre3-dev,命令为:sudo apt-get install libpcre3-dev #安装nginx: sudo make install #启动nginx: sudo /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -c /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf 注意:-c 指定配置文件的路径,不加的话,nginx会自动加载默认路径的配置文件,可以通过 -h查看帮助命令。 #查看nginx进程: ps -ef|grep nginx
配置nginx
cd /usr/local/nginx/conf/
使用vim或nano编辑器在该目录下新建一个hgame.conf文件输入以下内容:
#这里的hgame和proxy_pass是对应的关系,如果不listen 80端口的话,比如listen端口是8011,http://www.hgame.wang:8011/text
upstream hgame{ server 127.0.0.1:9001; #Tornado } server { listen 80; server_name www.hgame.com hgame.com; #root html; #index index.html index.htm index.py index; ## send request back to Tornado ## location / { proxy_pass http://hgame; #Proxy Settings proxy_redirect off; proxy_set_header Host $host; proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr; proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for; proxy_next_upstream error timeout invalid_header http_500 http_502 http_503 http_504; proxy_max_temp_file_size 0; proxy_connect_timeout 90; proxy_send_timeout 90; proxy_read_timeout 90; proxy_buffer_size 4k; proxy_buffers 4 32k; proxy_busy_buffers_size 64k; proxy_temp_file_write_size 64k; } } ## End www.ihasy.com ##
再使用vim或nano打开 /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
nano /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
在http下添加一行
include hagme.conf
保存,重启nginx,即可实现反向代理。
重启命令
# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload
kill -HUP pid
pid 是进程标识。如果想要更改配置而不需停止并重新启动服务,请使用该命令。在对配置文件作必要的更改后,发出该命令以动态更新服务配置。
根据约定,当您发送一个挂起信号(信号 1 或 HUP)时,大多数服务器进程(所有常用的进程)都会进行复位操作并重新加载它们的配置文件。清单 2 显示了向所有正在运行的 Web 服务器进程发送挂起信号的一种方法。
清单 2. 告诉 Web 服务器重新加载其配置文件并对文件进行复位操作
root@holy [507]$ ps -A | grep httpd | grep -v grep | awk '{ print $1; }' | xargs -L 1 sudo kill -HUP
上面的命令中包含了很多的操作,所以让我们来仔细地看一下管道的每个部分。ps 和 grep 命令用来在所有的进程中搜索 httpd(并且忽略用来搜索 httpd 进程的 grep 进程)。接下来,awk 只显示输出结果中的进程 ID,并将它传递给 xargs。然后,xargs 命令接受每个进程 ID(因为使用了 -L 1 以便一次提取一行内容),并使用 sudo kill -HUP 向相应的进程发送一个挂起信号。
LINUX和Unix都适用:
改/etc/ssh/sshd_config,将里面的Port改为新端口,比如10022,然后 kill -HUP `cat /var/run/sshd.pid` 就行了。
现有连接自己不会断,因为kill -HUP `cat /var/run/sshd.pid` 只是HUP监听的那个,已经建立的连接(不同的 pid)不会断。
然后你在现有账号下面exit,在用新的端口登陆就可以了。
PS:
HUP(1)是让进程挂起,睡眠;
kill (9)六亲不认的杀掉
term(15)正常的退出进程
因为进程可能屏蔽某些信号,所以它们的用处也就不一样。。。
多个配置:
upstream fruit1{ server 127.0.0.1:18082; #Tornado } server { listen 80; server_name a.hgame.wang; location / { proxy_pass http://fruit1; proxy_redirect off; proxy_set_header Host $host; proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr; proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for; proxy_next_upstream error timeout invalid_header http_500 http_502 http_503 http_504; proxy_max_temp_file_size 0; proxy_connect_timeout 90; proxy_send_timeout 90; proxy_read_timeout 90; proxy_buffer_size 4k; proxy_buffers 4 32k; proxy_busy_buffers_size 64k; proxy_temp_file_write_size 64k; } } upstream fruit2{ server 127.0.0.1:18083; #Tornado } server { listen 80; server_name b.hgame.wang; location / { proxy_pass http://fruit2; proxy_redirect off; proxy_set_header Host $host; proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr; proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for; proxy_next_upstream error timeout invalid_header http_500 http_502 http_503 http_504; proxy_max_temp_file_size 0; proxy_connect_timeout 90; proxy_send_timeout 90; proxy_read_timeout 90; proxy_buffer_size 4k; proxy_buffers 4 32k; proxy_busy_buffers_size 64k; proxy_temp_file_write_size 64k; } }
server { listen 80; server_name c.hgame.wang; location / { root /data/www/h5/html5-fruit-ninja; autoindex on; } }
server { listen 80; server_name c.hgame.wang; location /git { root /data/www/h5/html5-fruit-ninja; autoindex on; } }
整体的配置:
nginx.conf:
#user nobody; worker_processes 1; #error_log logs/error.log; #error_log logs/error.log notice; #error_log logs/error.log info; #pid logs/nginx.pid; events { worker_connections 1024; } http { include fruit.conf; include mime.types; default_type application/octet-stream; #log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" ' # '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" ' # '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"'; #access_log logs/access.log main; sendfile on; #tcp_nopush on; #keepalive_timeout 0; keepalive_timeout 65; #gzip on; server { listen 8088; server_name localhost; #charset koi8-r; #access_log logs/host.access.log main; location / { root html; index index.html index.htm; } #error_page 404 /404.html; # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html # error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html; location = /50x.html { root html; } # proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80 # #location ~ \.php$ { # proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1; #} # pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000 # #location ~ \.php$ { # root html; # fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000; # fastcgi_index index.php; # fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /scripts$fastcgi_script_name; # include fastcgi_params; #} # deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root # concurs with nginx's one # #location ~ /\.ht { # deny all; #} } # another virtual host using mix of IP-, name-, and port-based configuration # #server { # listen 8000; # listen somename:8080; # server_name somename alias another.alias; # location / { # root html; # index index.html index.htm; # } #} # HTTPS server # #server { # listen 443 ssl; # server_name localhost; # ssl_certificate cert.pem; # ssl_certificate_key cert.key; # ssl_session_cache shared:SSL:1m; # ssl_session_timeout 5m; # ssl_ciphers HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5; # ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on; # location / { # root html; # index index.html index.htm; # } #} }
fruit.conf:
upstream fruit1{ server 127.0.0.1:18082; #Tornado } server { listen 80; server_name a.hgame.wang; location / { proxy_pass http://fruit1; proxy_redirect off; proxy_set_header Host $host; proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr; proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for; proxy_next_upstream error timeout invalid_header http_500 http_502 http_503 http_504; proxy_max_temp_file_size 0; proxy_connect_timeout 90; proxy_send_timeout 90; proxy_read_timeout 90; proxy_buffer_size 4k; proxy_buffers 4 32k; proxy_busy_buffers_size 64k; proxy_temp_file_write_size 64k; } } upstream fruit2{ server 127.0.0.1:18083; #Tornado } server { listen 80; server_name b.hgame.wang; location / { proxy_pass http://fruit2; proxy_redirect off; proxy_set_header Host $host; proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr; proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for; proxy_next_upstream error timeout invalid_header http_500 http_502 http_503 http_504; proxy_max_temp_file_size 0; proxy_connect_timeout 90; proxy_send_timeout 90; proxy_read_timeout 90; proxy_buffer_size 4k; proxy_buffers 4 32k; proxy_busy_buffers_size 64k; proxy_temp_file_write_size 64k; } } server { listen 80; server_name c.hgame.wang; location / { root /data/www/h5/; autoindex on; } } server { listen 80; server_name hgame.wang; location / { root /data/www/h5/html5-fruit-ninja/; autoindex on; } } server { listen 80; server_name www.hgame.wang; location / { root /data/www/h5/html5-fruit-ninja/; autoindex on; } }