GPS坐标、火星坐标、百度坐标之间的转换--提供java版本转换代码

参考文章:https://www.jianshu.com/p/c39a2c72dc65?from=singlemessage

1、国内几种常用坐标系说明

(1)名词解释

坐标系统:用于定位的系统,就跟二维笛卡尔坐标系统一样,一个点使用(x,y),就能确定该点在笛卡尔坐标系统中的唯一位置。这里讲的坐标系统,相对于笛卡尔坐标系统,要复杂许多,但作用却都是一样,主要用于定位,也就是精确地定位地表上的一点。
地理坐标系统:WGS84就是一种地理坐标系统。地理坐标坐标是对地球进行简单几何建模,比如将地球看成一个球体或者类球体,然后再将地表上点投影到该球面上形成的坐标就是地理坐标系统。WGS84就是定义了如何将地球抽象成球体或者类球体的规则。或者简单地来说,WGS84就是一堆参数,用于建立球体或者类球体,来近似地球。
投影坐标系统:由于地球是一个球状,所以一般将其某个区域投影在平面上,形成的坐标系称为投影坐标系。
(2)几种坐标说明

WG-S84地理坐标系统,GPS仪器记录的经纬度信息,Google Earth采用,Google Map中国范围外使用,高德地图中国范围外使用。
GCJ-02投影坐标系统火星坐标系,中国国家测绘局制定的坐标系统,由WGS-84加密后的坐标。Google中国和腾讯搜搜地图,arcgis地图,高德地图、阿里云地图等
BD-09:    投影坐标系统百度坐标,GCJ-02加密后的坐标系,只适用于百度地图

(在国内是不允许直接用WGS84坐标系标注的,必须经过加密后才能用。必须至少使用GCJ-02坐标系,或者使用在GCJ-02加密后再进行加密的坐标系,如百度坐标系)

其他:搜狗地图:搜狗坐标系,图吧:图吧坐标等,估计也是在GCJ02基础上加密而成的,这里暂不涉及

(3)转换方法

1.可以通过嗲用直接的算法来转换(本文主要介绍该方法)
2.可以通过Web API来转换
 3.可以通过第三方SDK API来转换

2、下面给出前面3种坐标转换java算法

package org.jeecg.modules.wangge.utils;

/**
*
 */

public class GPSConverterUtils {

    public static final String BAIDU_LBS_TYPE = "bd09ll";
    public static double pi = 3.1415926535897932384626;
    public static double a = 6378245.0;
    public static double ee = 0.00669342162296594323;

    /**
     * 84 to 火星坐标系 (GCJ-02)
     * @param lat
     * @param lon
     */
    public static GPS gps84_To_Gcj02(double lat, double lon) {
        if (outOfChina(lat, lon))
        {
            return null;
        }
        double dLat = transformLat(lon - 105.0, lat - 35.0);
        double dLon = transformLon(lon - 105.0, lat - 35.0);
        double radLat = lat / 180.0 * pi;
        double magic = Math.sin(radLat);
        magic = 1 - ee * magic * magic;
        double sqrtMagic = Math.sqrt(magic);
        dLat = (dLat * 180.0) / ((a * (1 - ee)) / (magic * sqrtMagic) * pi);
        dLon = (dLon * 180.0) / (a / sqrtMagic * Math.cos(radLat) * pi);
        double mgLat = lat + dLat;
        double mgLon = lon + dLon;
        return new GPS(mgLat, mgLon);
    }

    /**
     * * 火星坐标系 (GCJ-02) to 84
     * * @param lon * @param lat * @return
     */
    public static GPS gcj_To_Gps84(double lat, double lon) {
        GPS gps = transform(lat, lon);
        double lontitude = lon * 2 - gps.getLon();
        double latitude = lat * 2 - gps.getLat();
        return new GPS(latitude, lontitude);
    }

    /**
     * 将 GCJ-02 坐标转换成 BD-09 坐标
     *
     * @param gg_lat
     * @param gg_lon
     */
    public static GPS gcj02_To_Bd09(double gg_lat, double gg_lon) {
        double x = gg_lon, y = gg_lat;
        double z = Math.sqrt(x * x + y * y) + 0.00002 * Math.sin(y * pi);
        double theta = Math.atan2(y, x) + 0.000003 * Math.cos(x * pi);
        double bd_lon = z * Math.cos(theta) + 0.0065;
        double bd_lat = z * Math.sin(theta) + 0.006;
        return new GPS(bd_lat, bd_lon);
    }

    /**
     * * 将 BD-09 坐标转换成GCJ-02 坐标 *
     * * @param
     * bd_lat * @param bd_lon * @return
     */
    public static GPS bd09_To_Gcj02(double bd_lat, double bd_lon) {
        double x = bd_lon - 0.0065;
        double y = bd_lat - 0.006;
        double z = Math.sqrt(x * x + y * y) - 0.00002 * Math.sin(y * pi);
        double theta = Math.atan2(y, x) - 0.000003 * Math.cos(x * pi);
        double gg_lon = z * Math.cos(theta);
        double gg_lat = z * Math.sin(theta);
        return new GPS(gg_lat, gg_lon);
    }

    /**
     * (BD-09)-->84
     * @param bd_lat
     * @param bd_lon
     * @return
     */
    public static GPS bd09_To_Gps84(double bd_lat, double bd_lon) {

        GPS gcj02 = bd09_To_Gcj02(bd_lat, bd_lon);
        GPS map84 = gcj_To_Gps84(gcj02.getLat(),
                gcj02.getLon());
        return map84;

    }

    /**
     * is or not outOfChina
     * @param lat
     * @param lon
     * @return
     */
    public static boolean outOfChina(double lat, double lon) {
        if (lon < 72.004 || lon > 137.8347)
            return true;
        if (lat < 0.8293 || lat > 55.8271)
            return true;
        return false;
    }

    public static GPS transform(double lat, double lon) {
        if (outOfChina(lat, lon)) {
            return new GPS(lat, lon);
        }
        double dLat = transformLat(lon - 105.0, lat - 35.0);
        double dLon = transformLon(lon - 105.0, lat - 35.0);
        double radLat = lat / 180.0 * pi;
        double magic = Math.sin(radLat);
        magic = 1 - ee * magic * magic;
        double sqrtMagic = Math.sqrt(magic);
        dLat = (dLat * 180.0) / ((a * (1 - ee)) / (magic * sqrtMagic) * pi);
        dLon = (dLon * 180.0) / (a / sqrtMagic * Math.cos(radLat) * pi);
        double mgLat = lat + dLat;
        double mgLon = lon + dLon;
        return new GPS(mgLat, mgLon);
    }

    public static double transformLat(double x, double y) {
        double ret = -100.0 + 2.0 * x + 3.0 * y + 0.2 * y * y + 0.1 * x * y
                + 0.2 * Math.sqrt(Math.abs(x));
        ret += (20.0 * Math.sin(6.0 * x * pi) + 20.0 * Math.sin(2.0 * x * pi)) * 2.0 / 3.0;
        ret += (20.0 * Math.sin(y * pi) + 40.0 * Math.sin(y / 3.0 * pi)) * 2.0 / 3.0;
        ret += (160.0 * Math.sin(y / 12.0 * pi) + 320 * Math.sin(y * pi / 30.0)) * 2.0 / 3.0;
        return ret;
    }


    public static double transformLon(double x, double y) {
        double ret = 300.0 + x + 2.0 * y + 0.1 * x * x + 0.1 * x * y + 0.1
                * Math.sqrt(Math.abs(x));
        ret += (20.0 * Math.sin(6.0 * x * pi) + 20.0 * Math.sin(2.0 * x * pi)) * 2.0 / 3.0;
        ret += (20.0 * Math.sin(x * pi) + 40.0 * Math.sin(x / 3.0 * pi)) * 2.0 / 3.0;
        ret += (150.0 * Math.sin(x / 12.0 * pi) + 300.0 * Math.sin(x / 30.0
                * pi)) * 2.0 / 3.0;
        return ret;
    }

}
package org.jeecg.modules.wangge.utils;

public class GPS {

    private double lat;
    private double lon;

    public GPS(double lat, double lon) {
        this.lat = lat;
        this.lon = lon;
    }

    public double getLat() {
        return lat;
    }

    public void setLat(double lat) {
        this.lat = lat;
    }

    public double getLon() {
        return lon;
    }

    public void setLon(double lon) {
        this.lon = lon;
    }

    public String toString() {
        return "lat:" + lat + "," + "lon:" + lon;
    }
}

3、代码验证和调试

坐标系的转换和验证,一定要在实际平台下进行比对和验证。下面分别提供百度地图,高德地图,arcigs地图的实例。

(1)百度地图在线验证

http://api.map.baidu.com/lbsapi/getpoint/index.html

这个是百度拾取坐标系统,该系统使用的是BD-09百度坐标,如果用gps坐标在这里定位是有错误的。

记住:哪个平台的坐标拾取系统,无论定位还是拾取坐标,用的就是他自己的坐标系。绝对不是GPS坐标,切记

(2)高德地图leaflet验证实例-用GCJ-02坐标

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
    <title>Quick Start - Leaflet</title>
    <meta charset="utf-8" />
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <link rel="shortcut icon" type="image/x-icon" href="docs/images/favicon.ico" />
    <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="https://unpkg.com/leaflet@1.7.1/dist/leaflet.css">
    <script type="text/javascript" src="https://unpkg.com/leaflet@1.7.1/dist/leaflet.js"></script>
     <style type="text/css">
    body {
        padding: 0;
        margin: 0;
    }
    html,
    body
    {
        height: 100%;
    }
    #mapid
    {
        height: 75%;
     }
    </style>
</head>
<body>


<div id="mapid" style="float:left;width:100%;height: 100%;">

</div>

<script>

    var mymap = L.map('mapid').setView([37.10375917564946,114.64100007966069], 14);

    this.baseLayer=L.tileLayer("http://webrd0{s}.is.autonavi.com/appmaptile?lang=zh_cn&size=1&scale=1&style=8&x={x}&y={y}&z={z}",{
        attribution: '&copy; 高德地图',
        maxZoom: 15,
        minZoom: 4,
        subdomains: "1234"
    }).addTo(mymap);


    L.circleMarker([37.10375917564946,114.64100007966069], {
        stroke: true,
        color: '#aaaaaa',
        weight: 1,
        opacity:1,
        fillColor: '#00E400',
        fillOpacity: 1,
        radius:10
    }).addTo(mymap).bindPopup("<b>Hello world!</b><br />I am a popup.");

</script>
</body>
</html>

(3)arcgis地图leaflet验证实例--用GCJ-02坐标

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
    <title>Quick Start - Leaflet</title>
    <meta charset="utf-8" />
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <link rel="shortcut icon" type="image/x-icon" href="docs/images/favicon.ico" />
    <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="https://unpkg.com/leaflet@1.7.1/dist/leaflet.css">
    <script type="text/javascript" src="https://unpkg.com/leaflet@1.7.1/dist/leaflet.js"></script>
     <style type="text/css">
    body {
        padding: 0;
        margin: 0;
    }
    html,
    body
    {
        height: 100%;
    }
    #mapid
    {
        height: 75%;
     }
    </style>
</head>
<body>


<div id="mapid" style="float:left;width:100%;height: 100%;">

</div>

<script>

    var mymap = L.map('mapid').setView([37.10375917564946,114.64100007966069], 14);

    L.tileLayer('http://map.geoq.cn/ArcGIS/rest/services/ChinaOnlineCommunity/MapServer/tile/{z}/{y}/{x}', {
        maxZoom: 18,
        minZoom: 4,
        pane: 'overlayPane'
    }).addTo(mymap);


    L.circleMarker([37.10375917564946,114.64100007966069], {
        stroke: true,
        color: '#aaaaaa',
        weight: 1,
        opacity:1,
        fillColor: '#00E400',
        fillOpacity: 1,
        radius:10
    }).addTo(mymap).bindPopup("<b>Hello world!</b><br />I am a popup.");

</script>
</body>
</html>

 最后附上一个在线工具:地址转经纬度,地址:https://maplocation.sjfkai.com/

posted @ 2020-09-16 21:51  JackGIS  阅读(3442)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报