3. UVM -- factory机制与平台组件构建

3.1. 什么是factory机制

UVM工厂机制可以使用户在不更改代码的情况下实现不同对象的替换；
工厂是UVM的一种数据结构。它的作用范围是整个平台空间，它有且仅有一个实例化对象 (即单实例类)。它是一个 多态构造器，可仅仅使用一个函数让用户实例化很多不同类型的对象。
为了使用一个函数而可以返回多种对象，这些对象必须从一个基类扩展而来。

3.2. uvm factory机制的原理及使用

3.2.1 factory机制的运作步骤

(1). factory注册：一般使用宏

宏	注册
`uvm object utils()	对 uvm object类进行注册
`uvm_component_utils()	对 uvm_component类进行注册
`uvm object param utils()	对 object参数化类进行注册
`uvm component param utils()	对 component参数化类进行注册

宏的作用如下：

为注册的类创建一个代理类：type_id
- 这个类在注册类的内部，起到间接实例化对象的代理作用
- 创建一个注册类的对象并将该对象向factory注册
- type_id内建create函数，该函数的任务是根据替换表创建指定类的对象
创建一个静态函数get_type()
创建一个函数get_object_type()，非静态

(2). 实例化对象：要使用静态方法 `class_name:type_id:create()` 来代替new实例化对象；

create()会按以下步骤执行：

调用factory的get函数获取factory对象；

以当前所要创建对象的类名为索引，在factory的替换列表中查询该类该对象是否被替换;

如果替换列表中没有相关条目，则调用当前类的new(0函数；如果有相关条目，则调用替换类的new()函数实例化对象。

(3). 根据具体要求向替换表添加替换条目，override；

(4). 在运行仿真时，UVM会根据这两张表自动的实现factory机制；

3.2.2. 使用factory机制需要注意的几点：

用户需要向注册表注册。

用户需要向替换表添加项目。

被替换对象的类型是替换对象类型的基类。

3.3. UVM field automation机制

3.3.1. 什么是field automation机制？

UVM field automation机制是为了方便用户对事务进行打印、复制、打包、解压、比较、记录等一系列功能而建立的一套服务机制。

简单的来说就是可使用UVM内建的函数对事务进行处理。

3.3.2. uvm_field宏注册

几种常用的宏：

`uvm_object_utils_begin (my transaction)      //对于object类型
//`uvm_component_utils begin (my transaction) //对于component类型
    `uvm_field_int (ARG,FLAG)
    `uvm_field_real (ARG,FLAG)
    `uvm_field_enum (T,ARG,FLAG)
    `uvm field_object (ARG,FLAG)
    `uvm_field_string (ARG,FLAG)
    `uvm_field_array_enum (ARG,FLAG)
    `uvm_field_array_int (ARG,FLAG)
    `uvm_field_array_string (ARG,FLAG)
    `uvm_field_queue_int (ARG,FLAG)
    `uvm_field_queue_string (ARG,FLAG)
    `uvm_field_aa_int_string (ARG,FLAG)
    `uvm_field_aa_string_string (ARG,FLAG)
`uvm_object_utils_end
//`uvm_component_utils_end

3.3.3. uvm_field常用函数方法

方法名	功能
clone	深度复制功能，调用该函数则将会把目标对象完全复制一份给自己，如果对目标对象的成员中包含了其他对象，则会调用该子对象的clone方法进行复制。复制的内容仅限于使用了UVM field automation机制的成员
copy	普通的复制功能，如果目标对象中包含了其他对象，则不会再调用该对象的copy方法，仅仅对子对象的句柄进行复制。复制的内容仅限于使用了UVM field automation.机制的成员
print	可按照给定的格式打印出对象的成员，打印的内容仅限于使用了UVM field automation机制的成员
sprint	与print类似，但返回的是一个字符串
compare	执行深度对比功能，对比的内容仅限于使用了JVM field automation机制的成员
pack	将成员按一定格式打包成一个数据流，打包的内容仅限于使用了UVM field automation机制的成员
unpack	按成员的规格对数据流进行分解，参与分解的成员仅限于使用了UVM field automation机制的成员
pack_bytes	将在域中注册的变量和数组等打包成byte流，输出到一个动态数组中
unpack_bytes	传入一个动态数组，将所有内容根据域中注册的顺序，转换成类中的字段
record	对成员做记录，参与记录的成员仅限于使用了UVM field automation机制的成员

3.4. UVM configuration机制

3.4.1. 什么是UVM configuration机制

UVM的configuration机制是一个强大的属性配置工具

传递值
传递对象
传递interface

3.4.2. configuration机制的特点

半个全局变量，避免全局变量带来的风险
高层组件可以通过configuration机制实现在不改变代码的情况下更改它所包含子组件的变量
在各个层次上都可以使用configuration机制
支持通配符和正则表达式对多个变量进行配置
支持用户自定义的数据类型
可以在仿真运行的过程中进行配置

3.4.3. configuration机制的原理

UVM configuration机制实现由两部分组成：

设置配置资源
获取配置资源

3.4.4. 如何使用configuration机制

3.5. override机制

　　常用的override函数有两个：

set_type_override_by_type()

set_type_override_by_type(original_class_name::get_type()，target_class_name::get_type());

　　这个函数的作用是将平台中 所有类型 为“original_.class_name”实例化的对象都被替换成类型为“target_class_name”的对象 -- 全部替换 ；

set_inst_override_by_type()

set_inst_override_by_type("original_inst_path", original_class_name::get_type(), target_class_name:get_type());

　　这个函数的作用是将平台中 指定路径 的类型为“original_class_name”实例化的对象被替换成类型为“target_class_name”的对象 -- 指定替换，路径越具体，替换越明确；

　　这两个函数存在于component中，并且一般需要在 build_phase() 中调用。

3.6. demo-- 添加平台组件

平台架构调试，可使用： uvm_top.print_topology;

Makefile

#! all comp sim run clean
.PHONY: all comp sim run clean

TC       ?=my_base_test
SEED     ?=1234
TOP      ?=test_top
FILELIST ?=../scripts/filelist.f

COMP_OPTS += -sverilog +v2k -full64
COMP_OPTS += -kdb -lca
COMP_OPTS += +acc +vpi -debug_access+all
COMP_OPTS += -timescale=1ns/1ps
COMP_OPTS += -ntb_opts uvm-1.2
COMP_OPTS += +libext+.v+.sv+.svh+.incl
COMP_OPTS += +plusarg_save
COMP_OPTS += -top $(TOP)
COMP_OPTS += -F $(FILELIST)

SIM_OPTS += +UVM_TESTNAME=$(TC)
SIM_OPTS += +UVM_VERBOSITY=UVM_DEBUG##UVM_LOW
SIM_OPTS += +UVM_DUMP_CMDLINE_ARGS
SIM_OPTS += +UVM_CONFIG_DB_TRACE
SIM_OPTS += +UVM_PHASE_TRACE
SIM_OPTS += +UVM_OBJECTION_TRACE
SIM_OPTS += +ntb_random_seed=$(SEED)
SIM_OPTS += +notimingcheck
SIM_OPTS += +nospecify
SIM_OPTS += +delay_mode_zero

COV_OPTS += -cm cond+line+fsm
COV_OPTS += -cm_name $(TC) -cm_dir $(TC).vdb

DUMP_OPTS += +fsdb+autoflush+all=on
DUMP_OPTS += -ucli -i ../scripts/wave.tcl
DUMP_OPTS += +fsdbfile+./wave/$(TC)_$(SEED).fsdb

all: comp sim

comp:
	mkdir -p ./wave ./log & \
	vcs $(COMP_OPTS) \
	-l ./log/comp_$(TC)_$(SEED).log

sim:
	./simv $(SIM_OPTS) \
	$(DUMP_OPTS) \
	-l ./log/sim_$(TC)_$(SEED).log

rpt_cg:
	urg -dir *.vdb -report cg_report
	@echo "coverage report generated in ./cg_report"

verdi_cg:
	verdi -cov -covdir *.vdb/ &

verdi_db:
	verdi -dbdir simv.daidir &

verdi_f:
	verdi -f filelist.f &

verdi_wave:
	verdi -ssf ./wave/*.fsdb &

run:
	vcs -R -sverilog $(TC)

clean:
	rm -rf *.log *.vdb *simv* *.h *.key cg_report csrc vdCovLog

clean_all:
	rm -rf *.log *.vdb *simv* *.h *.key cg_report csrc vdCovLog novas* ./log/* ./wave/* verdiLog

test_top

//-----------------------------------------------
//@ test_top
//@ Version : V0.1
//@ Wesley 2022.04.10
//-----------------------------------------------

module test_top;
    import uvm_pkg::*;
    `include "uvm_macros.svh"

    import my_test_pkg::*;

    logic clk     = 0;
    logic reset_n = 0;

    //interface
    my_intf vif();

    // DUT - a 16550 UART:
    dut DUT ( );

    // clock/reset
    always #5ns clk = ~clk;

    initial begin
        clk     = 0;
        reset_n = 0;
        repeat(10) @(posedge clk);
        reset_n = 1;
	    `uvm_info (" TEST_TOP ", $sformatf("clk = 0x%h , resetn = 0x%h", clk, reset_n), UVM_MEDIUM)
    end

    // UVM virtual interface handling and run_test()
    initial begin
        // run
        run_test();
    end
endmodule: test_top

my_base_test

//-----------------------------------------------
//@ my_base_test
//@ Version : V0.1
//@ Wesley 2022.04.10
//-----------------------------------------------
`ifndef my_base_test__SV
`define my_base_test__SV

class my_base_test extends uvm_test;

    `uvm_component_utils(my_base_test)
    my_env             m_env;

    extern function new(string name = "my_base_test", uvm_component parent = null);
    extern function void build_phase(uvm_phase phase);
    extern function void connect_phase(uvm_phase phase);
    extern function void end_of_elaboration_phase(uvm_phase phase);
    extern virtual task  run_phase(uvm_phase phase);
    extern function void report_phase(uvm_phase phase);
    extern function void final_phase(uvm_phase phase);
endclass: my_base_test

function my_base_test::new(string name = "my_base_test", uvm_component parent = null);
    super.new(name, parent);
    `uvm_info(get_type_name(), "< 000 > : new ", UVM_DEBUG)
endfunction: new

function void my_base_test::build_phase(uvm_phase phase);
    super.build_phase(phase);
    `uvm_info(get_type_name(), "< 001 > : build_phase ", UVM_DEBUG)
    m_env = my_env::type_id::create("m_env", this);
endfunction: build_phase

function void my_base_test::connect_phase(uvm_phase phase);
   super.connect_phase(phase);
endfunction: connect_phase

function void my_base_test::end_of_elaboration_phase(uvm_phase phase);
    uvm_top.print_topology;
    `uvm_info(get_type_name(), "< 003 > : end_of_elaboration_phase ", UVM_DEBUG)
endfunction: end_of_elaboration_phase

task my_base_test::run_phase(uvm_phase phase);
    super.run_phase(phase);
    phase.raise_objection(this);
    `uvm_info(get_type_name(), "< 005 > : run_phase ", UVM_DEBUG)

    #100ns;
    phase.get_objection().set_drain_time(this, 1000);
    phase.drop_objection(this);
endtask: run_phase

function void my_base_test::report_phase(uvm_phase phase);
    `uvm_info(get_type_name(), "< 008 > : report_phase ", UVM_DEBUG)
    `uvm_info(get_type_name(), "+-----------------------------------------------+", UVM_DEBUG)
    `uvm_info(get_type_name(), "+-           *** UVM TEST PASSED ***           -+", UVM_DEBUG)
    `uvm_info(get_type_name(), "+-----------------------------------------------+", UVM_DEBUG)

    `uvm_info(get_type_name(), "+-----------------------------------------------+", UVM_DEBUG)
    `uvm_info(get_type_name(), "+-           *** UVM TEST FAILED ***           -+", UVM_DEBUG)
    `uvm_info(get_type_name(), "+-----------------------------------------------+", UVM_DEBUG)

endfunction: report_phase

function void my_base_test::final_phase(uvm_phase phase);
    `uvm_info(get_type_name(), "< 009 > : final_phase ", UVM_DEBUG)
endfunction: final_phase

`endif // my_base_test__SV

env

//-----------------------------------------------
//@ my_env
//@ Version : V0.1
//@ Wesley 2022.04.10
//-----------------------------------------------
`ifndef my_env__SV
`define my_env__SV

class my_env extends uvm_env;

    `uvm_component_utils(my_env)

    my0_agent          m0_agent;
    my_scoreboard      m_scb;
    my_reference       m_ref;

    extern function new(string name = "my_env", uvm_component parent = null);
    extern function void build_phase(uvm_phase phase);
    extern function void connect_phase(uvm_phase phase);
endclass: my_env

function my_env::new(string name = "my_env", uvm_component parent = null);
    super.new(name, parent);
    `uvm_info(get_type_name(), "< 000 > : new ", UVM_DEBUG)
endfunction: new

function void my_env::build_phase(uvm_phase phase);
    super.build_phase(phase);
    `uvm_info(get_type_name(), "< 001 > : build_phase ", UVM_DEBUG)

    m0_agent = my0_agent::type_id::create("m0_agent", this);
    m_scb    = my_scoreboard::type_id::create("m_scb", this);
    m_ref    = my_reference::type_id::create("m_ref", this);

endfunction: build_phase

function void my_env::connect_phase(uvm_phase phase);
    `uvm_info(get_type_name(), "< 002 > : connect_phase ", UVM_DEBUG)
endfunction: connect_phase

`endif // my_env__SV

agent

//-----------------------------------------------
//@ my0_agent
//@ Version : V0.1
//@ Wesley 2022.04.10
//-----------------------------------------------
`ifndef my0_agent__SV
`define my0_agent__SV

class my0_agent extends uvm_agent;

    `uvm_component_utils(my0_agent)

    my0_driver        m0_drv;
    my0_monitor       m0_mon;
    my0_sequencer     m0_seqr;

    extern function new(string name = "my0_agent", uvm_component parent = null);
    extern function void build_phase(uvm_phase phase);
    extern function void connect_phase(uvm_phase phase);
endclass: my0_agent

function my0_agent::new(string name = "my0_agent", uvm_component parent = null);
    super.new(name, parent);
    `uvm_info(get_type_name(), "< 000 > : new ", UVM_DEBUG)
endfunction: new

function void my0_agent::build_phase(uvm_phase phase);
    super.build_phase(phase);
    `uvm_info(get_type_name(), "< 001 > : build_phase ", UVM_DEBUG)

    m0_drv  = my0_driver::type_id::create("m0_drv", this);
    m0_seqr = my0_sequencer::type_id::create("m0_seqr", this);
    m0_mon  = my0_monitor::type_id::create("m0_mon", this);
endfunction: build_phase

function void my0_agent::connect_phase(uvm_phase phase);
    `uvm_info(get_type_name(), "< 002 > : connect_phase ", UVM_DEBUG)
endfunction: connect_phase

`endif // my0_agent__SV

driver

//-----------------------------------------------
//@ my0_driver
//@ Version : V0.1
//@ Wesley 2022.04.10
//-----------------------------------------------
`ifndef my0_driver__SV
`define my0_driver__SV

class my0_driver extends uvm_driver#(my0_seq_item);
    `uvm_component_utils(my0_driver)

    extern function new(string name = "my0_driver", uvm_component parent = null);
    extern function void build_phase(uvm_phase phase);
    extern function void connect_phase(uvm_phase phase);
    extern task          run_phase(uvm_phase phase);

endclass: my0_driver

function my0_driver::new(string name = "my0_driver", uvm_component parent = null);
    super.new(name, parent);
    `uvm_info(get_type_name(), "< 000 > : new ", UVM_DEBUG)
endfunction: new

function void my0_driver::build_phase(uvm_phase phase);
    `uvm_info(get_type_name(), "< 001 > : build_phase ", UVM_DEBUG)
endfunction: build_phase

function void my0_driver::connect_phase(uvm_phase phase);
    `uvm_info(get_type_name(), "< 002 > : connect_phase ", UVM_DEBUG)
endfunction: connect_phase

task my0_driver::run_phase(uvm_phase phase);
    `uvm_info(get_type_name(), "< 005 > : run_phase ", UVM_DEBUG)
    super.run_phase(phase);
endtask: run_phase

`endif // my0_driver__SV

monitor

//-----------------------------------------------
//@ my0_monitor
//@ Version : V0.1
//@ Wesley 2022.04.10
//-----------------------------------------------
`ifndef my0_monitor__SV
`define my0_monitor__SV

class my0_monitor extends uvm_monitor;

    `uvm_component_utils(my0_monitor)

    extern function new(string name = "my0_monitor", uvm_component parent = null);
    extern function void build_phase(uvm_phase phase);
    extern function void connect_phase(uvm_phase phase);
    extern task          run_phase(uvm_phase phase);
endclass: my0_monitor

function my0_monitor::new(string name = "my0_monitor", uvm_component parent = null);
    super.new(name, parent);
    `uvm_info(get_type_name(), "< 000 > : new ", UVM_DEBUG)
endfunction: new

function void my0_monitor::build_phase(uvm_phase phase);
    `uvm_info(get_type_name(), "< 001 > : build_phase ", UVM_DEBUG)
endfunction: build_phase

function void my0_monitor::connect_phase(uvm_phase phase);
    `uvm_info(get_type_name(), "< 002 > : connect_phase ", UVM_DEBUG)
endfunction: connect_phase

task my0_monitor::run_phase(uvm_phase phase);
    `uvm_info(get_type_name(), "< 005 > : run_phase ", UVM_DEBUG)
endtask: run_phase

`endif // my0_monitor__SV

sequencer

//-----------------------------------------------
//@ my0_sequencer
//@ Version : V0.1
//@ Wesley 2022.04.10
//-----------------------------------------------
`ifndef my0_sequencer__SV
`define my0_sequencer__SV

class my0_sequencer extends uvm_sequencer #(my0_seq_item);

    `uvm_component_utils(my0_sequencer)

    function new(string name = "my0_sequencer", uvm_component parent = null);
        super.new(name, parent);
        `uvm_info(get_type_name(), "< 000 > : new ", UVM_DEBUG)
    endfunction: new

endclass: my0_sequencer

`endif // my0_sequencer__SV

reference

//-----------------------------------------------
//@ my_reference
//@ Version : V0.1
//@ Wesley 2022.04.10
//-----------------------------------------------
`ifndef my_reference__SV
`define my_reference__SV

// Step1 : Create a new class that extends from uvm_scoreboard
class my_reference extends uvm_component;
    `uvm_component_utils (my_reference)

    // Step2a: Declare and create a TLM Analysis Port to receive data objects from other TB components
    uvm_blocking_get_port #(my0_seq_item) get_port;//exp_port;
    uvm_analysis_port #(my0_seq_item) ap;
    //uvm_analysis_export #(my0_seq_item) analysis_export;

	  function new (string name = "my_reference", uvm_component parent);
	  	super.new (name, parent);
	  endfunction

	  // Step2b: Instantiate the analysis port, because afterall, its a class object
	  function void build_phase (uvm_phase phase);
		//ap = new ("ap", this);
		//get_port = new ("get_port", this);
		//analysis_export = new ("analysis_export", this);
	  endfunction

	  // Step3: Define other functions and tasks that operate on the data and call them
	  // Remember, this is the main task that consumes simulation time in UVM
	  virtual task run_phase (uvm_phase phase);
      my0_seq_item tr;
	  endtask

	  // Step4: [Optional] Perform any remaining comparisons or checks before end of simulation
	  virtual function void check_phase (uvm_phase phase);
	  	//...
	  endfunction
endclass

`endif // my_reference__SV

scoreboard

//-----------------------------------------------
//@ my_scoreboard
//@ Version : V0.1
//@ Wesley 2022.04.10
//-----------------------------------------------
`ifndef my_scoreboard__SV
`define my_scoreboard__SV

class my_scoreboard extends uvm_scoreboard;
	`uvm_component_utils (my_scoreboard)

	// Step2a: Declare and create a TLM Analysis Port to receive data objects from other TB components
  uvm_blocking_get_port #(my0_seq_item) get_port;
  //uvm_analysis_imp_monitor #(my0_seq_item, my_scoreboard) analysis_imp;

	function new (string name = "my_scoreboard", uvm_component parent);
		super.new (name, parent);
	endfunction

	// Step2b: Instantiate the analysis port, because afterall, its a class object
	function void build_phase (uvm_phase phase);
		//get_port = new ("get_port", this);
		//analysis_imp = new ("analysis_imp", this);
	endfunction

	// Step3: Define other functions and tasks that operate on the data and call them
	// Remember, this is the main task that consumes simulation time in UVM
	virtual task run_phase (uvm_phase phase);
        my0_seq_item tr;
	endtask

	// Step4: [Optional] Perform any remaining comparisons or checks before end of simulation
	virtual function void check_phase (uvm_phase phase);
		//...
	endfunction
endclass

`endif // my_scoreboard__SV

posted @ 2022-07-17 17:17 Thisway2014 阅读(1565) 评论(0) 编辑收藏举报

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3. UVM -- factory机制与平台组件构建

3. UVM -- factory机制与平台组件构建

3.1. 什么是factory机制

3.2. uvm factory机制的原理及使用

3.2.1 factory机制的运作步骤

(1). factory注册：一般使用宏

(2). 实例化对象：要使用 静态方法 class_name:type_id:create() 来代替new实例化对象；

(3). 根据具体要求向替换表添加替换条目，override；

(4). 在运行仿真时，UVM会根据这两张表自动的实现factory机制；

3.2.2. 使用factory机制需要注意的几点：

3.3. UVM field automation机制

3.3.1. 什么是field automation机制？

3.3.2. uvm_field宏注册

3.3.3. uvm_field常用函数方法

3.4. UVM configuration机制

3.4.1. 什么是UVM configuration机制

3.4.2. configuration机制的特点

3.4.3. configuration机制的原理

3.4.4. 如何使用configuration机制

3.5. override机制

set_type_override_by_type()

set_inst_override_by_type()

3.6. demo-- 添加平台组件

公告

(2). 实例化对象：要使用静态方法 `class_name:type_id:create()` 来代替new实例化对象；