Net获取windows显示适配器、监视器信息

先了解一个概念

 

在.net 中如何获取屏幕监视器的详情。主要有如下四种方法：

1 显示适配器-设备的硬件ID和状态标志等信息

[DllImport("user32.dll")]
private static extern bool EnumDisplayDevices(string lpDevice, uint iDevNum, ref DISPLAY_DEVICE lpDisplayDevice, uint dwFlags);

[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential, CharSet = CharSet.Ansi)]
private struct DISPLAY_DEVICE
{
    public int cb;
    [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValTStr, SizeConst = 32)]
    public string DeviceName;
    [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValTStr, SizeConst = 128)]
    public string DeviceString;
    public uint StateFlags;
    [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValTStr, SizeConst = 128)]
    public string DeviceID;
    [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValTStr, SizeConst = 128)]
    public string DeviceKey;
}

/// <summary>
/// 显示设备的硬件ID和状态标志
/// </summary>
public static void GetMonitorHardwareIDs()
{
    DISPLAY_DEVICE displayDevice = new DISPLAY_DEVICE();
    displayDevice.cb = Marshal.SizeOf(displayDevice);
    for (int i = 0; EnumDisplayDevices(null, (uint)i, ref displayDevice, 0); i++)
    {
        Debug.WriteLine($"===========  EnumDisplay {i}");
        Debug.WriteLine("Device Name: " + displayDevice.DeviceName);
        Debug.WriteLine("Device DeviceString: " + displayDevice.DeviceString);
        Debug.WriteLine("Device StateFlags: " + displayDevice.StateFlags);
        Debug.WriteLine("Device ID: " + displayDevice.DeviceID);
        Debug.WriteLine("Device DeviceKey: " + displayDevice.DeviceKey);
        Debug.WriteLine("======================");
        displayDevice.cb = Marshal.SizeOf(displayDevice);
    }
}

查看时候，需要删选Device StateFlags: 0 的设备

 2 屏幕的布局和工作区域信息，.net中使用此屏幕的index作为屏幕的编号

 

/// <summary>
/// 屏幕的布局和工作区域信息
/// </summary>
private void PrintAllScreensInfo()
{
    for (int i = 0; i < System.Windows.Forms.Screen.AllScreens.Length; i++)
    {
        Debug.WriteLine($"===========   AllScreens {i}");
        Debug.WriteLine("Device Name: " + System.Windows.Forms.Screen.AllScreens[i].DeviceName);
        Debug.WriteLine("Bounds: " + System.Windows.Forms.Screen.AllScreens[i].Bounds);
        Debug.WriteLine("Working Area: " + System.Windows.Forms.Screen.AllScreens[i].WorkingArea);
        Debug.WriteLine("Primary Screen: " + System.Windows.Forms.Screen.AllScreens[i].Primary);
        Debug.WriteLine("BitsPerPixel: " + System.Windows.Forms.Screen.AllScreens[i].BitsPerPixel);
        Debug.WriteLine(System.Windows.Forms.Screen.AllScreens[i].ToString());
        Debug.WriteLine("======================");
    }
}

 3 监视器-详细属性，如制造商、型号、屏幕尺寸等信息

注意：获取的信息可能不准确，并非所有显示器都会提供完整的WMI信息。例如，一些较旧的或非标准的显示器可能不支持通过WMI报告其制造商、类型或分辨率等详细信息。

/// <summary>
/// 显示器的详细属性，如制造商、型号、屏幕尺寸
/// </summary>
private void GetMonitorDetails()
{
    // 创建一个ManagementObjectSearcher对象，用于查询WMI数据
    ManagementObjectSearcher searcher = new ManagementObjectSearcher("SELECT * FROM Win32_DesktopMonitor");
    // 遍历查询结果，获取每个显示器的信息
    int i = 0;
    foreach (ManagementObject obj in searcher.Get())
    {
        Debug.WriteLine($"===========   Win32_DesktopMonitor {i++}");
        Debug.WriteLine("Caption: {0}", obj["Caption"]);
        // 显示器名称
        Debug.WriteLine("Name: {0}", obj["Name"]);
        Debug.WriteLine("Device ID: {0}", obj["DeviceID"]);
        // 显示器的PnP设备ID
        Debug.WriteLine("PNPDeviceID: {0}", obj["PNPDeviceID"]);
        Debug.WriteLine("DisplayType: {0}", obj["DisplayType"]);
        Debug.WriteLine("MonitorManufacturer: {0}", obj["MonitorManufacturer"]);
        Debug.WriteLine("MonitorType: {0}", obj["MonitorType"]);
        // 显示器的状态
        Debug.WriteLine("Status: {0}", obj["Status"]);
        // 显示器的屏幕高度
        Debug.WriteLine("Screen Height: {0}", obj["ScreenHeight"]);
        // 显示器的屏幕宽度
        Debug.WriteLine("Screen Width: {0}", obj["ScreenWidth"]);
        // 显示器的描述
        Debug.WriteLine("Description: {0}", obj["Description"]);
        Debug.WriteLine("SystemCreationClassName: {0}", obj["SystemCreationClassName"]);
        Debug.WriteLine("======================");
    }
}

 

补充： cmd   : wmic path win32_pnpentity get DeviceID, Name 获取设备信息 。PNPDeviceID 是 Windows 操作系统中用于唯一标识硬件设备的字符串。PNP 是 Plug and Play（即插即用）的缩写，它是一种标准，允许操作系统自动检测并配置硬件设备，而无需用户进行手动设置。

 4  通过SharpDX.DXGI，获取所有监视器的信息。

var adapter = new Factory1().GetAdapter1(0);
int outputCount = adapter.GetOutputCount();
Console.WriteLine($"Total outputs: {outputCount}");

for (int i = 0; i < outputCount; i++)
{
    Output output = adapter.GetOutput(i);
    var bounds = output.Description.DesktopBounds;
    Debug.WriteLine($"===========  Adapter_Output {i}");
    Debug.WriteLine($"DeviceName: {output.Description.DeviceName}");
    Debug.WriteLine($"position:  {bounds.Left} {bounds.Top}   {bounds.Right} {bounds.Bottom}");
    Debug.WriteLine($"bounds:  {Math.Abs(bounds.Right- bounds.Left)}   {Math.Abs(bounds.Bottom - bounds.Top)}  ");
    Debug.WriteLine($"IsAttachedToDesktop: {output.Description.IsAttachedToDesktop}");
    Debug.WriteLine($"MonitorHandle: {output.Description.MonitorHandle}");
    Debug.WriteLine($"======================");
}
adapter.Dispose();

总结使用场景：识别显示器的硬件ID,结合上面四中，最后通过第四种获取 屏幕索引，然后传入屏幕索引，使用DX截图获取屏幕图像，详见https://www.cnblogs.com/terryK/p/18585945