Docker-容器使用
容器container作为Docker三大基本概念之一，相当于一个系统中运行的软件。一个镜像下可以启动多个容器。通过Docker命令可以查看容器container支持的命令。
docker container --help
| 命令 | 等价命令 | 说明 |
|---|---|---|
| container attach | attach | 将本地标准输入、输出和错误流连接到运行中的容器 |
| container commit | commit | 根据当前容器创建一个新的镜像 |
| container cp | cp | 将宿主机与容器之间复制文件/文件夹 |
| container create | create | 创建一个新的容器 |
| container diff | diff | 检查容器文件系统上文件或目录的更改 |
| container exec | exec | 进入一个正在运行的容器 |
| container export | export | 将容器导出为本地文件 |
| container inspect | 查看一个或多个容器详细信息 | |
| container kill | kill | 杀死一个或多个正在运行的容器 |
| container logs | logs | 获取容器日志 |
| container ls | ps | 获取容器列表 |
| container pause | pause | 暂停一个或多个容器 |
| container unpause | unpause | 取消一个或多个暂停的容器 |
| container port | port | 列出容器的端口映射或特定映射 |
| container prune | 删除全部停止的容器 | |
| container rename | rename | 重命名一个容器 |
| container restart | restart | 重启一个或多个容器 |
| container rm | rm | 删除一个或多个容器 |
| container run | run | 运行一个新的容器 |
| container start | start | 启动一个或多个停止的容器 |
| container stats | stats | 显示容器资源使用统计信息的实时流 |
| container stop | stop | 停止一个或多个正在运行的容器 |
| container top | top | 显示容器运行的进程 |
| container update | update | 更新一个或多个容器配置 |
| container wait | wait | 等待到一个或多个容器停止，然后打印容器的退出代码 |
| 接下来就详细查看每个命令的使用方式。 |
attach
将本地标准输入、输出和错误流连接到运行中的容器
docker container attach [OPTIONS] CONTAINER
or
docker attach [OPTIONS] CONTAINER
Options:
--detach-keys string Override the key sequence for detaching a container
--no-stdin Do not attach STDIN
--sig-proxy Proxy all received signals to the process (default true)
使用这个命令需要注意的时，当退出容器时，容器也会跟着停止。为了退出时容器不停止，可以使用参数--no-stdin。
commit
根据当前容器创建一个新的镜像
docker container commit [OPTIONS] CONTAINER [REPOSITORY[:TAG]]
or
docker commit [OPTIONS] CONTAINER [REPOSITORY[:TAG]]
Options:
-a, --author string Author (e.g., "John Hannibal Smith <hannibal@a-team.com>")
-c, --change list Apply Dockerfile instruction to the created image
-m, --message string Commit message
-p, --pause Pause container during commit (default true)
这里启动的是一个tomcat容器
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
ec4b4f0fd45c 4b "catalina.sh run" 18 minutes ago Up 18 minutes 0.0.0.0:8088->8080/tcp, :::8088->8080/tcp fervent_goldberg
将这个容器制作一个新的容器
docker commit -a "arvin88" -m "测试commit命令" ec4b4f0fd45c arvin88/tomcat_user:v1
sha256:77fc61f55a0ca2b504db9265c950168bca7045a7a925abf649c1abaa9a311566
查看镜像
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
arvin88/tomcat_user v1 77fc61f55a0c 32 seconds ago 590MB
可以看到已经创建成功
注意：如果不指定仓库源：版本，默认创建出来的就是
，可以通过tag命令来重新指定仓库源：版本
cp
将宿主机与容器之间复制文件/文件夹
docker container cp [OPTIONS] CONTAINER:SRC_PATH DEST_PATH|-
docker cp [OPTIONS] SRC_PATH|- CONTAINER:DEST_PATH
or
docker cp [OPTIONS] CONTAINER:SRC_PATH DEST_PATH|-
docker cp [OPTIONS] SRC_PATH|- CONTAINER:DEST_PAT
Options:
-a, --archive Archive mode (copy all uid/gid information)
-L, --follow-link Always follow symbol link in SRC_PATH
将宿主机的test.py文件拷贝到tomcat容器的webapps目录下
docker cp test.py ec4b4f0fd45c:/usr/local/tomcat/webapps
create
创建一个新的容器
docker container create [OPTIONS] IMAGE [COMMAND] [ARG...]
or
docker create [OPTIONS] IMAGE [COMMAND] [ARG...]
参数有点多，这里就不列出来了，有兴趣可以使用--help查看。
docker create -it -p 8089:8080 77fc61f55a0c
创建的新容器，默认是未启动的，可以使用start命令启动。
docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
e5e2f9915c42 77fc61f55a0c "catalina.sh run" 7 seconds ago Created frosty_ellis
ec4b4f0fd45c 4b "catalina.sh run" 37 minutes ago Up 37 minutes 0.0.0.0:8088->8080/tcp, :::8088->8080/tcp fervent_goldberg
docker start ec
docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
e5e2f9915c42 77fc61f55a0c "catalina.sh run" 42 seconds ago Up 2 seconds 0.0.0.0:8089->8080/tcp, :::8089->8080/tcp frosty_ellis
ec4b4f0fd45c 4b "catalina.sh run" 38 minutes ago Up 38 minutes 0.0.0.0:8088->8080/tcp, :::8088->8080/tcp fervent_goldberg
diff
检查容器文件系统上文件或目录的更改
docker container diff CONTAINER
docker diff CONTAINER
这个命令比较简单，没有其他参数。
docker diff e5e2f9915c42
C /usr
C /usr/local
C /usr/local/tomcat
C /usr/local/tomcat/logs
C /usr/local/tomcat/logs/catalina.2021-08-01.log
C /usr/local/tomcat/logs/localhost.2021-08-01.log
C /tmp
C /tmp/hsperfdata_root
C /tmp/hsperfdata_root/1
exec
进入一个正在运行的容器
docker container exec [OPTIONS] CONTAINER COMMAND [ARG...]
or
docker exec [OPTIONS] CONTAINER COMMAND [ARG...]
Options:
-d, --detach Detached mode: run command in the background
--detach-keys string Override the key sequence for detaching a container
-e, --env list Set environment variables
--env-file list Read in a file of environment variables
-i, --interactive Keep STDIN open even if not attached
--privileged Give extended privileges to the command
-t, --tty Allocate a pseudo-TTY
-u, --user string Username or UID (format: <name|uid>[:<group|gid>])
-w, --workdir string Working directory inside the container
通常使用-i -t参数，进入容器
docker exec -it e5 /bin/bas
root@e5e2f9915c42:/usr/local/tomcat# ls
看到root后面跟着容器ID，则表示进入到容器了，如果想退出容器，使用exit命令，就可以退出容器。
export
将容器导出为本地文件
docker container export [OPTIONS] CONTAINER
or
docker export [OPTIONS] CONTAINER
Options:
-o, --output string Write to a file, instead of STDOUT
这个必须要带参数
docker export -o "tomcat_user_v1.gz.tar" e5
输出的文件路径支持绝对路径，如果不填绝对路径，则默认就是在当前执行导出命令的目录下，使用ll或ls查看文件。
-rw-------. 1 root root 588863488 Aug 1 11:51 tomcat_user_v1.gz.tar
从结果上看出已经导出成功。
inspect
查看一个或多个容器详细信息
docker container inspect [OPTIONS] CONTAINER [CONTAINER...]
Options:
-f, --format string Format the output using the given Go template
-s, --size Display total file sizes
命令：docker container inspect e5e2f9915c42，输出的内容太多了，就不贴出来了，可以自行验证查看。
kill
杀死一个或多个正在运行的容器
docker container kill [OPTIONS] CONTAINER [CONTAINER...]
or
docker kill [OPTIONS] CONTAINER [CONTAINER...]
Options:
-s, --signal string Signal to send to the container (default "KILL")
命令操作：
[root@localhost ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
e5e2f9915c42 77fc61f55a0c "catalina.sh run" 21 minutes ago Up 20 minutes 0.0.0.0:8089->8080/tcp, :::8089->8080/tcp frosty_ellis
ec4b4f0fd45c 4b "catalina.sh run" 59 minutes ago Up 59 minutes 0.0.0.0:8088->8080/tcp, :::8088->8080/tcp fervent_goldberg
[root@localhost ~]# docker kill e5
e5
[root@localhost ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
ec4b4f0fd45c 4b "catalina.sh run" 59 minutes ago Up 59 minutes 0.0.0.0:8088->8080/tcp, :::8088->8080/tcp fervent_goldberg
logs
获取容器日志
docker container logs [OPTIONS] CONTAINER
or
docker logs [OPTIONS] CONTAINER
Options:
--details Show extra details provided to logs
-f, --follow Follow log output
--since string Show logs since timestamp (e.g. 2013-01-02T13:23:37Z) or relative (e.g. 42m for 42 minutes)
-n, --tail string Number of lines to show from the end of the logs (default "all")
-t, --timestamps Show timestamps
--until string Show logs before a timestamp (e.g. 2013-01-02T13:23:37Z) or relative (e.g. 42m for 42 minutes)
启动一个tomcat容器，然后使用命令查看tomcat启动日志。
docker logs 8efed1c23ff5
02-Aug-2021 07:19:06.894 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener.log Server version name: Apache Tomcat/8.5.69
02-Aug-2021 07:19:06.895 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener.log Server built: Jun 30 2021 18:00:00 UTC
02-Aug-2021 07:19:06.895 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener.log Server version number: 8.5.69.0
02-Aug-2021 07:19:06.895 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener.log OS Name: Linux
02-Aug-2021 07:19:06.895 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener.log OS Version: 4.18.0-147.el8.x86_64
02-Aug-2021 07:19:06.896 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener.log Architecture: amd64
02-Aug-2021 07:19:06.896 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener.log Java Home: /usr/local/openjdk-8/jre
02-Aug-2021 07:19:06.896 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener.log JVM Version: 1.8.0_302-b08
02-Aug-2021 07:19:06.896 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener.log JVM Vendor: Oracle Corporation
02-Aug-2021 07:19:06.896 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener.log CATALINA_BASE: /usr/local/tomcat
02-Aug-2021 07:19:06.896 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener.log CATALINA_HOME: /usr/local/tomcat
02-Aug-2021 07:19:06.896 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener.log Command line argument: -Djava.util.logging.config.file=/usr/local/tomcat/conf/logging.properties
02-Aug-2021 07:19:06.896 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener.log Command line argument: -Djava.util.logging.manager=org.apache.juli.ClassLoaderLogManager
02-Aug-2021 07:19:06.896 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener.log Command line argument: -Djdk.tls.ephemeralDHKeySize=2048
02-Aug-2021 07:19:06.896 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener.log Command line argument: -Djava.protocol.handler.pkgs=org.apache.catalina.webresources
02-Aug-2021 07:19:06.896 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener.log Command line argument: -Dorg.apache.catalina.security.SecurityListener.UMASK=0027
02-Aug-2021 07:19:06.896 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener.log Command line argument: -Dignore.endorsed.dirs=
02-Aug-2021 07:19:06.896 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener.log Command line argument: -Dcatalina.base=/usr/local/tomcat
02-Aug-2021 07:19:06.897 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener.log Command line argument: -Dcatalina.home=/usr/local/tomcat
02-Aug-2021 07:19:06.897 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener.log Command line argument: -Djava.io.tmpdir=/usr/local/tomcat/temp
02-Aug-2021 07:19:06.897 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.core.AprLifecycleListener.lifecycleEvent Loaded Apache Tomcat Native library [1.2.30] using APR version [1.6.5].
02-Aug-2021 07:19:06.897 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.core.AprLifecycleListener.lifecycleEvent APR capabilities: IPv6 [true], sendfile [true], accept filters [false], random [true].
02-Aug-2021 07:19:06.897 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.core.AprLifecycleListener.lifecycleEvent APR/OpenSSL configuration: useAprConnector [false], useOpenSSL [true]
02-Aug-2021 07:19:06.900 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.core.AprLifecycleListener.initializeSSL OpenSSL successfully initialized [OpenSSL 1.1.1d 10 Sep 2019]
02-Aug-2021 07:19:06.976 INFO [main] org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol.init Initializing ProtocolHandler ["http-nio-8080"]
02-Aug-2021 07:19:06.990 INFO [main] org.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioSelectorPool.getSharedSelector Using a shared selector for servlet write/read
02-Aug-2021 07:19:07.001 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina.load Initialization processed in 582 ms
02-Aug-2021 07:19:07.030 INFO [main] org.apache.tomcat.util.digester.FactoryCreateRule.begin [FactoryCreateRule] Create exception ignored: java.lang.NullPointerException
02-Aug-2021 07:19:07.034 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.core.StandardService.startInternal Starting service [Catalina]
02-Aug-2021 07:19:07.035 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine.startInternal Starting Servlet engine: [Apache Tomcat/8.5.69]
02-Aug-2021 07:19:07.045 INFO [localhost-startStop-1] org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployDirectory Deploying web application directory [/usr/local/tomcat/webapps/ROOT]
02-Aug-2021 07:19:07.267 INFO [localhost-startStop-1] org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployDirectory Deployment of web application directory [/usr/local/tomcat/webapps/ROOT] has finished in [221] ms
02-Aug-2021 07:19:07.267 INFO [localhost-startStop-1] org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployDirectory Deploying web application directory [/usr/local/tomcat/webapps/docs]
02-Aug-2021 07:19:07.281 INFO [localhost-startStop-1] org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployDirectory Deployment of web application directory [/usr/local/tomcat/webapps/docs] has finished in [14] ms
02-Aug-2021 07:19:07.281 INFO [localhost-startStop-1] org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployDirectory Deploying web application directory [/usr/local/tomcat/webapps/examples]
02-Aug-2021 07:19:07.504 INFO [localhost-startStop-1] org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployDirectory Deployment of web application directory [/usr/local/tomcat/webapps/examples] has finished in [223] ms
02-Aug-2021 07:19:07.504 INFO [localhost-startStop-1] org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployDirectory Deploying web application directory [/usr/local/tomcat/webapps/host-manager]
02-Aug-2021 07:19:07.524 INFO [localhost-startStop-1] org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployDirectory Deployment of web application directory [/usr/local/tomcat/webapps/host-manager] has finished in [19] ms
02-Aug-2021 07:19:07.524 INFO [localhost-startStop-1] org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployDirectory Deploying web application directory [/usr/local/tomcat/webapps/manager]
02-Aug-2021 07:19:07.539 INFO [localhost-startStop-1] org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployDirectory Deployment of web application directory [/usr/local/tomcat/webapps/manager] has finished in [15] ms
02-Aug-2021 07:19:07.544 INFO [main] org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol.start Starting ProtocolHandler ["http-nio-8080"]
02-Aug-2021 07:19:07.573 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina.start Server startup in 571 ms
从结果可以看出日志输出了tomcat的启动日志，如果需要时时查看日志，可以增加参数-f，就可以时时跟踪日志。
ls
获取容器列表
docker container ls [OPTIONS]
or
docker ps [OPTIONS]
Options:
-a, --all Show all containers (default shows just running)
-f, --filter filter Filter output based on conditions provided
--format string Pretty-print containers using a Go template
-n, --last int Show n last created containers (includes all states) (default -1)
-l, --latest Show the latest created container (includes all states)
--no-trunc Don't truncate output
-q, --quiet Only display container IDs
-s, --size Display total file sizes
不加任何参数情况下，列出正在运行的容器：
docker container ls
or
docker ps
两种命令效果一样
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
8efed1c23ff5 4b "catalina.sh run" 6 minutes ago Up 6 minutes 0.0.0.0:8088->8080/tcp, :::8088->8080/tcp charming_pike
增加-a参数，可以查看所有的容器。
dokcer ps -a
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
30c33d778412 4b "catalina.sh run" 20 seconds ago Up 17 seconds 0.0.0.0:8089->8080/tcp, :::8089->8080/tcp elated_northcutt
8efed1c23ff5 4b "catalina.sh run" 7 minutes ago Exited (143) 3 seconds ago charming_pike
pause
暂停一个或多个容器
docker container pause CONTAINER [CONTAINER...]
or
docker pause CONTAINER [CONTAINER...]
查看容器运行情况
docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
30c33d778412 4b "catalina.sh run" 5 minutes ago Up 5 minutes 0.0.0.0:8089->8080/tcp, :::8089->8080/tcp elated_northcutt
8efed1c23ff5 4b "catalina.sh run" 12 minutes ago Up 6 seconds 0.0.0.0:8088->8080/tcp, :::8088->8080/tcp charming_pike
暂停上面列出来的容器
docker pause 30c33d778412 8efed1c23ff5
暂停成功输出容器ID
30c33d778412
8efed1c23ff5
查看所有容器
docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
30c33d778412 4b "catalina.sh run" 6 minutes ago Up 6 minutes (Paused) 0.0.0.0:8089->8080/tcp, :::8089->8080/tcp elated_northcutt
8efed1c23ff5 4b "catalina.sh run" 13 minutes ago Up About a minute (Paused) 0.0.0.0:8088->8080/tcp, :::8088->8080/tcp charming_pike
从结果的STATUS列可以看到，后面多了(Paused)，表示容器已经暂停。
unpause
取消一个或多个暂停的容器
docker container unpause CONTAINER [CONTAINER...]
or
docker unpause CONTAINER [CONTAINER...]
上面我们已经暂停了两个容器，现在使用unpause取消暂停
docker unpause 30c33d778412 8efed1c23ff5
30c33d778412
8efed1c23ff5
使用ps -a命令查看
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
30c33d778412 4b "catalina.sh run" 9 minutes ago Up 9 minutes 0.0.0.0:8089->8080/tcp, :::8089->8080/tcp elated_northcutt
8efed1c23ff5 4b "catalina.sh run" 17 minutes ago Up 4 minutes 0.0.0.0:8088->8080/tcp, :::8088->8080/tcp charming_pike
port
列出容器的端口映射或特定映射
docker container port CONTAINER [PRIVATE_PORT[/PROTO]]
or
docker port CONTAINER [PRIVATE_PORT[/PROTO]]
查看容器端口映射
docker container port 30c33d778412
8080/tcp -> 0.0.0.0:8089
8080/tcp -> :::8089
prune
删除全部停止的容器
docker container prune [OPTIONS]
Options:
--filter filter Provide filter values (e.g. 'until=<timestamp>')
-f, --force Do not prompt for confirmation
docker container prune
WARNING! This will remove all stopped containers.
Are you sure you want to continue? [y/N] y
Total reclaimed space: 0B
删除的时候会提示是否继续，如果不想提示可以加-f参数，最终会输出删除结果。
rename
重命名一个容器
docker container rename CONTAINER NEW_NAME
or
docker rename CONTAINER NEW_NAME
查看容器
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
30c33d778412 4b "catalina.sh run" 23 minutes ago Up 23 minutes 0.0.0.0:8089->8080/tcp, :::8089->8080/tcp elated_northcutt
8efed1c23ff5 4b "catalina.sh run" 30 minutes ago Up 18 minutes 0.0.0.0:8088->8080/tcp, :::8088->8080/tcp charming_pike
将容器30c33d778412重命名
docker rename 30c33d778412 test_name
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
30c33d778412 4b "catalina.sh run" 24 minutes ago Up 24 minutes 0.0.0.0:8089->8080/tcp, :::8089->8080/tcp test_name
8efed1c23ff5 4b "catalina.sh run" 31 minutes ago Up 18 minutes 0.0.0.0:8088->8080/tcp, :::8088->8080/tcp charming_pike
从结果的NAMES看到已经修改成test_name的容器名了。
restart
重启一个或多个容器
docker container restart [OPTIONS] CONTAINER [CONTAINER...]
or
docker restart [OPTIONS] CONTAINER [CONTAINER...]
Options:
-t, --time int Seconds to wait for stop before killing the container (default 10)
重启上面列出的两个容器30c33d778412,8efed1c23ff5。
docker restart 30c33d778412 8efed1c23ff5
30c33d778412
8efed1c23ff5
如果重启容器想隔一会再重启，可以增加参数-t，单位：秒。
rm
删除一个或多个容器
docker container rm [OPTIONS] CONTAINER [CONTAINER...]
or
docker rm [OPTIONS] CONTAINER [CONTAINER...]
Options:
-f, --force Force the removal of a running container (uses SIGKILL)
-l, --link Remove the specified link
-v, --volumes Remove anonymous volumes associated with the container
删除容器时，容器必须是未运行的。
docker rm 30c33d778412
Error response from daemon: You cannot remove a running container 30c33d7784121fc46beba6a3097ac9dda9a47e37c5bc6ccc4f2c2b7eb9b5b0cf. Stop the container before attempting removal or force remove
如果实在是想删除，可以添加-f参数，强制删除运行的容器。
run
运行一个新的容器，使用方式与创建容器差不多，参数也差不多。
docker container run [OPTIONS] IMAGE [COMMAND] [ARG...]
or
docker run [OPTIONS] IMAGE [COMMAND] [ARG...]
运行tomcat容器，后台运行并将端口映射为8087
docker run -d -p 8087:8080 4b6a6e0cf6c1
start
启动一个或多个停止的容器
docker container start [OPTIONS] CONTAINER [CONTAINER...]
or
docker start [OPTIONS] CONTAINER [CONTAINER...]
Options:
-a, --attach Attach STDOUT/STDERR and forward signals
--detach-keys string Override the key sequence for detaching a container
-i, --interactive Attach container's STDIN
启动容器30c33d778412
docker start 30c33d778412
30c33d778412
如果想看到启动的过程，可以增加-a参数，不过退出启动过程，容器也会跟着停止。
stats
显示容器资源使用统计信息的实时流
docker container stats [OPTIONS] [CONTAINER...]
or
ocker stats [OPTIONS] [CONTAINER...]
Options:
-a, --all Show all containers (default shows just running)
--format string Pretty-print images using a Go template
--no-stream Disable streaming stats and only pull the first result
--no-trunc Do not truncate output
如果不跟任何容器，则输出所有容器的实时信息
docker stats
CONTAINER ID NAME CPU % MEM USAGE / LIMIT MEM % NET I/O BLOCK I/O PIDS
30c33d778412 test_name 0.10% 102.7MiB / 3.67GiB 2.73% 866B / 0B 0B / 0B 33
8efed1c23ff5 charming_pike 0.07% 97.89MiB / 3.67GiB 2.61% 1.01kB / 0B 0B / 0B 33
stop
停止一个或多个正在运行的容器
docker container stop [OPTIONS] CONTAINER [CONTAINER...]
docker stop [OPTIONS] CONTAINER [CONTAINER...]
Options:
-t, --time int Seconds to wait for stop before killing it (default 10)
从参数上看，停止命令与重启命令一样，可以设置时间。
docker stop 30c33d778412
docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
30c33d778412 4b "catalina.sh run" 46 minutes ago Exited (143) 13 seconds ago test_name
8efed1c23ff5 4b "catalina.sh run" 53 minutes ago Up 18 minutes 0.0.0.0:8088->8080/tcp, :::8088->8080/tcp charming_pike
从结果看出PORTS列，停止掉的容器已经是空的，表示容器已经停止成功。
update
更新一个或多个容器配置
docker container update [OPTIONS] CONTAINER [CONTAINER...]
or
docker update [OPTIONS] CONTAINER [CONTAINER...]
Options:
--blkio-weight uint16 Block IO (relative weight), between 10 and 1000, or 0 to disable (default 0)
--cpu-period int Limit CPU CFS (Completely Fair Scheduler) period
--cpu-quota int Limit CPU CFS (Completely Fair Scheduler) quota
--cpu-rt-period int Limit the CPU real-time period in microseconds
--cpu-rt-runtime int Limit the CPU real-time runtime in microseconds
-c, --cpu-shares int CPU shares (relative weight)
--cpus decimal Number of CPUs
--cpuset-cpus string CPUs in which to allow execution (0-3, 0,1)
--cpuset-mems string MEMs in which to allow execution (0-3, 0,1)
--kernel-memory bytes Kernel memory limit
-m, --memory bytes Memory limit
--memory-reservation bytes Memory soft limit
--memory-swap bytes Swap limit equal to memory plus swap: '-1' to enable unlimited swap
--pids-limit int Tune container pids limit (set -1 for unlimited)
--restart string Restart policy to apply when a container exits
从参数上看，可以更新容器的cpu、内存配置，需要注意的是，--kernel-memory自Docker 20.10起，该选项已被弃用。
wait
等待到一个或多个容器停止，然后打印容器的退出代码
docker container wait CONTAINER [CONTAINER...]
or
docker wait CONTAINER [CONTAINER...]
如果是一个已经停止的容器，则直接输出退出的代码
docker wait 30c33d778412
143
指定一个正在运行的容器，会一直等待容器停止，然后输出退出代码。
docker wait 8efed1c23ff5
启动另外一个窗口，停止8efed1c23ff5容器，这个时候之前wait命令的窗口就输出143的容器退出代码。
