[转] python之logging 日志模块用法
来源： http://www.cnblogs.com/dkblog/archive/2011/08/26/2155018.htm...
1.简单的将日志打印到屏幕 2.通过logging.basicConfig函数对日志的输出格式及方式做相关配置
3.将日志同时输出到文件和屏幕 4.logging之日志回滚
5.通过logging.config模块配置日志 6.logging是线程安全的
默认情况下，logging将日志打印到屏幕，日志级别为WARNING；
日志级别大小关系为：CRITICAL > ERROR > WARNING > INFO > DEBUG > NOTSET，当然也可以自己定义日志级别。
import logging logging.debug('This is debug message') logging.info('This is info message') logging.warning('This is warning message') 屏幕上打印: WARNING:root:This is warning message
2.通过logging.basicConfig函数对日志的输出格式及方式做相关配置
logging.basicConfig函数各参数:
filename: 指定日志文件名
filemode: 和file函数意义相同，指定日志文件的打开模式，'w'或'a'
format: 指定输出的格式和内容，format可以输出很多有用信息，如上例所示:
%(levelno)s: 打印日志级别的数值
%(levelname)s: 打印日志级别名称
%(pathname)s: 打印当前执行程序的路径，其实就是sys.argv[0]
%(filename)s: 打印当前执行程序名
%(funcName)s: 打印日志的当前函数
%(lineno)d: 打印日志的当前行号
%(asctime)s: 打印日志的时间
%(thread)d: 打印线程ID
%(threadName)s: 打印线程名称
%(process)d: 打印进程ID
%(message)s: 打印日志信息
datefmt: 指定时间格式，同time.strftime()
level: 设置日志级别，默认为logging.WARNING
stream: 指定将日志的输出流，可以指定输出到sys.stderr,sys.stdout或者文件，默认输出到sys.stderr，当stream和filename同时指定时，stream被忽略
import logging logging.basicConfig(level=logging.DEBUG, format='%(asctime)s %(filename)s[line:%(lineno)d] %(levelname)s %(message)s', datefmt='%a, %d %b %Y %H:%M:%S', filename='myapp.log', filemode='w') logging.debug('This is debug message') logging.info('This is info message') logging.warning('This is warning message')
输出结果
./myapp.log文件中内容为: Sun, 24 May 2009 21:48:54 demo2.py[line:11] DEBUG This is debug message Sun, 24 May 2009 21:48:54 demo2.py[line:12] INFO This is info message Sun, 24 May 2009 21:48:54 demo2.py[line:13] WARNING This is warning message
import logging logging.basicConfig(level=logging.DEBUG, format='%(asctime)s %(filename)s[line:%(lineno)d] %(levelname)s %(message)s', datefmt='%a, %d %b %Y %H:%M:%S', filename='myapp.log', filemode='w') ################################################################################################# #定义一个StreamHandler，将INFO级别或更高的日志信息打印到标准错误，并将其添加到当前的日志处理对象# console = logging.StreamHandler() console.setLevel(logging.INFO) formatter = logging.Formatter('%(name)-12s: %(levelname)-8s %(message)s') console.setFormatter(formatter) logging.getLogger('').addHandler(console) ################################################################################################# logging.debug('This is debug message') logging.info('This is info message') logging.warning('This is warning message')
输出结果
屏幕上打印: root : INFO This is info message root : WARNING This is warning message ./myapp.log文件中内容为: Sun, 24 May 2009 21:48:54 demo2.py[line:11] DEBUG This is debug message Sun, 24 May 2009 21:48:54 demo2.py[line:12] INFO This is info message Sun, 24 May 2009 21:48:54 demo2.py[line:13] WARNING This is warning message
从上例和本例可以看出，logging有一个日志处理的主对象，其它处理方式都是通过addHandler添加进去的。
logging的几种handle方式如下：
logging.StreamHandler: 日志输出到流，可以是sys.stderr、sys.stdout或者文件
logging.FileHandler: 日志输出到文件
日志回滚方式，实际使用时用RotatingFileHandler和TimedRotatingFileHandler
logging.handlers.BaseRotatingHandler
logging.handlers.RotatingFileHandler
logging.handlers.TimedRotatingFileHandler
logging.handlers.SocketHandler: 远程输出日志到TCP/IP sockets
logging.handlers.DatagramHandler: 远程输出日志到UDP sockets
logging.handlers.SMTPHandler: 远程输出日志到邮件地址
logging.handlers.SysLogHandler: 日志输出到syslog
logging.handlers.NTEventLogHandler: 远程输出日志到Windows NT/2000/XP的事件日志
logging.handlers.MemoryHandler: 日志输出到内存中的制定buffer
logging.handlers.HTTPHandler: 通过"GET"或"POST"远程输出到HTTP服务器
由于StreamHandler和FileHandler是常用的日志处理方式，所以直接包含在logging模块中，而其他方式则包含在logging.handlers模块中，
上述其它处理方式的使用请参见python2.5手册！
import logging from logging.handlers import RotatingFileHandler ################################################################################################# #定义一个RotatingFileHandler，最多备份5个日志文件，每个日志文件最大10M Rthandler = RotatingFileHandler('myapp.log', maxBytes=10*1024*1024,backupCount=5) Rthandler.setLevel(logging.INFO) formatter = logging.Formatter('%(name)-12s: %(levelname)-8s %(message)s') Rthandler.setFormatter(formatter) logging.getLogger('').addHandler(Rthandler) ################################################################################################
#logger.conf ############################################### [loggers] keys=root,example01,example02 [logger_root] level=DEBUG handlers=hand01,hand02 [logger_example01] handlers=hand01,hand02 qualname=example01 propagate=0 [logger_example02] handlers=hand01,hand03 qualname=example02 propagate=0 ############################################### [handlers] keys=hand01,hand02,hand03 [handler_hand01] class=StreamHandler level=INFO formatter=form02 args=(sys.stderr,) [handler_hand02] class=FileHandler level=DEBUG formatter=form01 args=('myapp.log', 'a') [handler_hand03] class=handlers.RotatingFileHandler level=INFO formatter=form02 args=('myapp.log', 'a', 10*1024*1024, 5) ############################################### [formatters] keys=form01,form02 [formatter_form01] format=%(asctime)s %(filename)s[line:%(lineno)d] %(levelname)s %(message)s datefmt=%a, %d %b %Y %H:%M:%S [formatter_form02] format=%(name)-12s: %(levelname)-8s %(message)s datefmt=
上例三
import logging import logging.config logging.config.fileConfig("logger.conf") logger = logging.getLogger("example01") logger.debug('This is debug message') logger.info('This is info message') logger.warning('This is warning message')
上例四
import logging import logging.config logging.config.fileConfig("logger.conf") logger = logging.getLogger("example02") logger.debug('This is debug message') logger.info('This is info message') logger.warning('This is warning message')
待补充。。。。。。
#!/usr/bin/env python #-*- coding:utf-8 -*- __author__ = "wangaibo168@163.com" import sys; reload(sys); sys.setdefaultencoding("utf-8"); import wx; import random; import logging; import time; # 自定义日志Handler来接收日志数据 class MyLogHandler(logging.Handler): def __init__(self,obj): logging.Handler.__init__(self); self.Object = obj; def emit(self,record): if record.levelno<self.level: return; tstr = time.strftime('%Y-%m-%d_%H:%M:%S.%U'); self.Object.AppendText("[%s][%s] %s\n"%(tstr,record.levelname,record.getMessage())); class MyFrame(wx.Frame): def __init__(self): wx.Frame.__init__(self,parent=None,title="日志窗体",pos=(100,100),size=(500,400)); self.buildUI(); def buildUI(self): self.box1 = wx.BoxSizer(wx.HORIZONTAL); self.text = wx.TextCtrl(parent=self,style=wx.TE_AUTO_SCROLL|wx.TE_MULTILINE); self.box1.Add(self.text,1,wx.ALL|wx.EXPAND,5,5); self.box2 = wx.BoxSizer(wx.VERTICAL); self.btn1 = wx.Button(parent=self,label="开始"); self.box2.Add(self.btn1,1,wx.ALL|wx.EXPAND,5,0); self.btn2 = wx.Button(parent=self,label="停止"); self.box2.Add(self.btn2,1,wx.ALL|wx.EXPAND,5,0); self.box1.Add(self.box2,0,wx.NORMAL,0,0); self.SetSizer(self.box1); self.text.SetEditable(False); self.btn1.Enable(); self.btn2.Disable(); self.btn1.Bind(wx.EVT_BUTTON,self.OnButton1Event); self.btn2.Bind(wx.EVT_BUTTON,self.OnButton2Event); self.timer = None; handler = MyLogHandler(self.text); logging.getLogger().addHandler(handler); # 通过wxpython的timer类实现测试日志数据 def OnTimerEvent(self,event): # 检测日志，超过指定日志大小，就清空日志列表 if len(self.text.GetValue())>1024: self.text.SetValue(''); # 随机写入1-20个测试数据 logging.error(''.join([random.choice(list(u"测试数据abcde12345")) for i in xrange(random.randint(1,20))])); def OnButton1Event(self,event): if self.timer: return; self.timer = wx.Timer(self); self.Bind(wx.EVT_TIMER,self.OnTimerEvent); self.timer.Start(1000); self.btn1.Disable(); self.btn2.Enable(); def OnButton2Event(self,event): if not self.timer: return; self.timer.Stop(); self.timer = None; self.btn1.Enable(); self.btn2.Disable(); class MyApp(wx.App): def OnInit(self): self.win = MyFrame(); self.win.Show(True); self.SetTopWindow(self.win); return True; if __name__ == "__main__": app = MyApp(); app.MainLoop();
