数据结构与算法分析 3.26 — 双端队列的实现

一、题目

    编写支持双端队列的例程,插入与弹出操作均花费 O(1)时间

二、解答

    双端队列(deque,全名double-ended queue)是一种具有队列和栈性质的数据结构。

    双端队列中的元素可以从两端弹出,插入和删除操作限定在队列的两边进行。

    基本操作:在双端队列两端插入与删除。

    ADT术语:

                    Capacity:数组容量

                    Left:队列左端,指向队列左边第一个元素

                    Right:队列右端,指向队列右边最后一个元素的下一个位置

                    初始化:Left = Right = 0;

                    判空:   Left = Right

                    判满:   (Left - 1) % Capacity == Right

三、代码

struct DequeRecord;
typedef struct DequeRecord *Deque;

struct DequeRecord
{
    int Capacity;
    int Left;
    int Right;
    ElementType *Array;
};

Deque CreateDeque( int MaxElements );
int IsEmpty( Deque D );
int IsFull( Deque D );
void MakeEmpty( Deque D );
void Push_Left( ElementType X, Deque D );
void Push_Right( ElementType X, Deque D );
ElementType Pop_Left( Deque D );
ElementType Pop_Right( Deque D );
void DisposeDeque( Deque D );


Deque CreateDeque( int MaxElements )
{
    Deque D;

    D = (Deque)malloc( sizeof(struct DequeRecord) );
    if ( D == NULL )
    {
        printf( "Out of space" );
        return NULL;
    }

    D->Array = (ElementType *)malloc( sizeof(ElementType) * MaxElements );
    if ( D->Array == NULL )
    {
        printf( "Out of space" );
        return NULL;
    }

    D->Capacity = MaxElements;
    MakeEmpty( D );

    return D;
}

int IsEmpty( Deque D )
{
    return D->Left == D->Right;
}

int IsFull( Deque D )
{ 
    return ( D->Left + D->Capacity - 1 ) % D->Capacity == D->Right;
}

void MakeEmpty( Deque D )
{
    D->Left = 0;
    D->Right = 0;
}

void Push_Left( ElementType X, Deque D )
{
    if ( IsFull(D) )
        printf( "Full deque" );
    else
    {
        D->Left = ( D->Left - 1 + D->Capacity ) % D->Capacity;
        D->Array[D->Left] = X;
    }
}

void Push_Right( ElementType X, Deque D )
{
    if ( IsFull(D) )
        printf( "Full deque" );
    else
    {
        D->Array[D->Right] = X;
        D->Right = ( D->Right + 1 ) % D->Capacity;
    }
}

ElementType Pop_Left( Deque D )
{
    ElementType TmpCell;

    if ( IsEmpty(D) )
    {
        printf( "Empty deque" );
        return 0; // 应该返回无效元素
    }
    else
    {
        TmpCell = D->Array[D->Left];
        D->Left = ( D->Left + 1 ) % D->Capacity;
    }

    return TmpCell;
}

ElementType Pop_Right( Deque D )
{
    ElementType TmpCell;

    if ( IsEmpty(D) )
    {
        printf( "Empty Deque" );
        return 0;
    }
    else
    {
        D->Right = ( D->Right - 1 + D->Capacity ) % D->Capacity;
        TmpCell = D->Array[D->Right];
    }

    return TmpCell;
}

void DisposeDeque( Deque D )
{
    if ( D != NULL )
    {
        free( D->Array );
        free( D );
    }
}

 

posted @ 2014-10-05 23:27  Leptus  阅读(745)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报