Spring的BeanFactoryPostProcessor和BeanPostProcessor
PostProcessor:后处理器;
BeanPostProcessor:Bean的后置处理器(处理的对象是Bean);
BeanFactoryPostProcessor:BeanFactory的后置处理器(处理的对象是BeanFactory)
(1)看一下BeanFactoryPostProcessor接口的源码:
@FunctionalInterface
public interface BeanFactoryPostProcessor {
/**
* Modify the application context's internal bean factory after its standard
* initialization. All bean definitions will have been loaded, but no beans
* will have been instantiated yet. This allows for overriding or adding
* properties even to eager-initializing beans.
* @param beanFactory the bean factory used by the application context
* @throws org.springframework.beans.BeansException in case of errors
*/
void postProcessBeanFactory(ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory) throws BeansException;
}
①方法postProcessBeanFactory(ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory)的作用是什么?
源码中是这样说明的:
//Modify the application context's internal bean factory after its standard initialization.
bean factory已经经历了standard initialization;
方法的入参ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory即是standard initialization后的bean factory;
把standard initialization后的bean factory交给我们处理,我们可以对其进行修改。
②什么时候调用postProcessBeanFactory(ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory)?
源码中是这样说明的:
// All bean definitions will have been loaded, but no beans will have been instantiated yet.
bean factory已经经历了standard initialization,所有的bean definitions也已经被加载到bean factory之中,但是还没有创建(实例化)任何的Bean。
③方法的入参beanFactory
方法的入参ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory即是我们需要处理的对象;beanFactory已经经历了standard initialization,所有的bean definitions也已经被加载到beanFactory之中。
④如何操作(处理)beanFactory呢?
操作beanFactory的常见方式:
对加载到beanFactory中的bean definitions进行修改。
通过参数beanFactory,可以获取相关Bean的bean definition,并修改bean definition。
(2)代码示例:
User类:
public class User {
private String username;
private int age;
public void setUsername(String username) {
System.out.println("setUsername()");
this.username = username;
}
public void setAge(int age) {
System.out.println("setAge()");
this.age = age;
}
public User(){
System.out.println("Constructor()");
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "User [username=" + username + ", age=" + age + "]";
}
}
BeanFactoryPostProcessor处理器:
public class MyBeanFactoryPostProcessor implements BeanFactoryPostProcessor {
public MyBeanFactoryPostProcessor(){
System.out.println("BeanFactoryPostProcessor实现类的构造器");
}
@Override
public void postProcessBeanFactory(ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory) throws BeansException {
System.out.println("BeanFactoryPostProcessor.postProcessBeanFactory()");
//获取指定的BeanDefinition
BeanDefinition bd = beanFactory.getBeanDefinition("user1");
//根据BeanDefinition获取MutablePropertyValues
MutablePropertyValues pvs = bd.getPropertyValues();
//增加
pvs.add("age", 20);
//覆盖
pvs.add("username", "Richard");
}
}
Bean配置文件:
<bean id="user1" class="com.User">
<!-- 这里只为属性username赋值,属性age没有赋值 -->
<property name="username" value="Jack"></property>
</bean>
<bean class="com.MyBeanFactoryPostProcessor"></bean>
测试类:
public static void main(String[] args) {
ApplicationContext context=new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
User user1=(User)context.getBean("user1");
System.out.println(user1);
}
运行结果:
BeanFactoryPostProcessor实现类的构造器
BeanFactoryPostProcessor.postProcessBeanFactory()
Constructor()
setUsername()
setAge()
User [username=Richard, age=20]
(3)注意点:
BeanFactoryPostProcessor接口和BeanPostProcessor接口非常相似,都是spring初始化bean时对外暴露的扩展点。
①BeanFactory的后置处理器:Spring提供的一种特殊的Bean
②BeanFactory的后置处理器,需要实现BeanFactoryPostProcessor接口
③需要在Bean的配置文件中,注册BeanFactory的后置处理器,但不需要设置id属性。IOC容器会自动识别这是个BeanFactory的后置处理器,自动的使用它。
<bean class="com.MyBeanFactoryPostProcessor"></bean>
④实例化BeanFactoryPostProcessor实现类,并调用BeanFactoryPostProcessor的postProcessBeanFactory()方法;
这2步会很早进行,在Bean实例被创建之前进行。
⑤Bean的后置处理器,操作的对象是Bean,会对容器中的所有Bean进行处理,每个Bean都要经过2个处理方法postProcessBeforeInitialization()和postProcessAfterInitialization();
BeanFactory的后置处理器,操作的对象是BeanFactory,因此只会有一次处理过程(很早进行,在Bean实例被创建之前进行),即只调用处理方法postProcessBeanFactory()一次。