任务1:
task.cpp:
1 #include <iostream> 2 #include <string> 3 #include <vector> 4 #include <algorithm> 5 6 using namespace std; 7 8 // 声明 9 // 模板函数声明 10 template<typename T> 11 void output(const T &c); 12 13 // 普通函数声明 14 void test1(); 15 void test2(); 16 void test3(); 17 18 int main() { 19 cout << "测试1: \n"; 20 test1(); 21 22 cout << "\n测试2: \n"; 23 test2(); 24 25 cout << "\n测试3: \n"; 26 test3(); 27 } 28 29 // 函数实现 30 // 输出容器对象c中的元素 31 template <typename T> 32 void output(const T &c) { 33 for(auto &i: c) 34 cout << i << " "; 35 cout << endl; 36 } 37 38 // 测试1 39 // 组合使用算法库、迭代器、string反转字符串 40 void test1() { 41 string s0{"0123456789"}; 42 cout << "s0 = " << s0 << endl; 43 44 string s1{s0}; 45 reverse(s1.begin(), s1.end()); // 反转指定迭代器区间的元素 46 cout << "s1 = " << s1 << endl; 47 48 string s2{s0}; 49 reverse_copy(s0.begin(), s0.end(), s2.begin()); // 将指定迭代区间的元素拷贝到指定迭代器开始的目标区间,并且在复制过程中反转次序 50 cout << "s2 = " << s2 << endl; 51 } 52 53 // 测试2 54 // 组合使用算法库、迭代器、vector反转动态数组对象vector内数据 55 void test2() { 56 vector<int> v0{2, 0, 4, 9}; 57 cout << "v0: "; 58 output(v0); 59 60 vector<int> v1{v0}; 61 reverse(v1.begin(), v1.end()); 62 cout << "v1: "; 63 output(v1); 64 65 vector<int> v2{v0}; 66 reverse_copy(v0.begin(), v0.end(), v2.begin()); 67 cout << "v2: "; 68 output(v2); 69 } 70 71 // 测试3 72 // 组合使用算法库、迭代器、vector实现元素旋转移位 73 void test3() { 74 vector<int> v0{0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}; 75 cout << "v0: "; 76 output(v0); 77 78 vector<int> v1{v0}; 79 rotate(v1.begin(), v1.begin()+1, v1.end()); // 旋转指定迭代器区间[v1.begin(), v1.end())之间的数据项,旋转后从迭代器v1.begin()+1位置的数据项开始 80 cout << "v1: "; 81 output(v1); 82 83 vector<int> v2{v0}; 84 rotate(v2.begin(), v2.begin()+2, v2.end()); 85 cout << "v2: "; 86 output(v2); 87 88 vector<int> v3{v0}; 89 rotate(v3.begin(), v3.end()-1, v3.end()); 90 cout << "v3: "; 91 output(v3); 92 93 vector<int> v4{v0}; 94 rotate(v4.begin(), v4.end()-2, v4.end()); 95 cout << "v4: "; 96 output(v4); 97 }
代码运行结果:
任务2:
task.cpp:
1 #include <iostream> 2 #include <vector> 3 #include <string> 4 #include <algorithm> 5 #include <numeric> 6 #include <iomanip> 7 8 using namespace std; 9 10 // 函数声明 11 // 模板函数声明 12 template<typename T> 13 void output(const T &c); 14 15 // 普通函数声明 16 int rand_int_100(); 17 void test1(); 18 void test2(); 19 20 int main() { 21 cout << "测试1: \n"; 22 test1(); 23 24 cout << "\n测试2: \n"; 25 test2(); 26 } 27 28 // 函数实现 29 // 输出容器对象c中的元素 30 template <typename T> 31 void output(const T &c) { 32 for(auto &i: c) 33 cout << i << " "; 34 cout << endl; 35 } 36 37 // 返回[0, 100]区间内的一个随机整数 38 int rand_int_100() { 39 return rand() % 101; 40 } 41 42 // 测试1 43 // 对容器类对象指定迭代器区间进行赋值、排序 44 void test1() { 45 vector<int> v0(10); // 创建一个动态数组对象v0, 对象大小为10 46 generate(v0.begin(), v0.end(), rand_int_100); // 产生[0, 100]之间的随机整数赋值给指定迭代器区间[v0.begin(), v0.end())内的每个数据项 47 cout << "v0: "; 48 output(v0); 49 50 vector<int> v1{v0}; 51 sort(v1.begin(), v1.end()); // 对指定迭代器区间[v1.begin(), v1.end())内数据项进行升序排序 52 cout << "v1: "; 53 output(v1); 54 55 vector<int> v2{v0}; 56 sort(v2.begin()+1, v2.end()-1); // 对指定迭代器区间[v1.begin()+1, v1.end()-1)内数据项进行升序排序 57 cout << "v2: "; 58 output(v2); 59 } 60 61 // 测试2 62 // 对容器类对象指定迭代器区间进行赋值、计算最大值/最小值/均值 63 void test2() { 64 vector<int> v0(10); 65 generate(v0.begin(), v0.end(), rand_int_100); 66 cout << "v0: "; 67 output(v0); 68 69 auto iter1 = min_element(v0.begin(), v0.end()); 70 cout << "最小值: " << *iter1 << endl; 71 72 auto iter2 = max_element(v0.begin(), v0.end()); 73 cout << "最大值: " << *iter2 << endl; 74 75 auto ans = minmax_element(v0.begin(), v0.end()); 76 cout << "最小值: " << *(ans.first) << endl; 77 cout << "最大值: " << *(ans.second) << endl; 78 double avg1 = accumulate(v0.begin(), v0.end(), 0)/v0.size(); 79 cout << "均值: " << fixed << setprecision(2) << avg1 << endl; 80 81 cout << endl; 82 83 vector<int> v1{v0}; 84 cout << "v0: "; 85 output(v0); 86 sort(v1.begin(), v1.end()); 87 double avg2 = accumulate(v1.begin()+1, v1.end()-1, 0)/(v1.size()-2); 88 cout << "去掉最大值、最小值之后,均值: " << avg2 << endl; 89 }
代码运行结果:
任务3:
task.cpp:
1 #include <iostream> 2 #include <string> 3 #include <algorithm> 4 5 6 bool is_palindrome(std::string s) 7 { 8 int left=0,right=s.length()-1; 9 while(left<right) 10 { 11 if(s[left]!=s[right]) 12 { 13 14 return false; 15 } 16 left++; 17 right--; 18 } 19 return true; 20 } 21 22 int main() { 23 using namespace std; 24 string s; 25 26 while(cin >> s) // 多组输入,直到按下Ctrl+Z后结束测试 27 cout << boolalpha << is_palindrome(s) << endl; 28 return 0; 29 } 30 31 // 函数is_palindrom定义 32 // 待补足 33 // ×××
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任务4:
task.cpp:
1 #include <iostream> 2 #include <string> 3 #include <algorithm> 4 5 std::string dec2n(int x, int n = 2) 6 { 7 if(x==0) return "0"; 8 std::string result; 9 const std::string digits="0123456789ABCDEF"; 10 while(x>0) 11 { 12 result+=digits[x%n]; 13 x/=n; 14 } 15 reverse(result.begin(),result.end()); 16 return result; 17 } 18 19 int main() { 20 using namespace std; 21 22 int x; 23 while(cin >> x) { 24 cout << "十进制: " << x << endl; 25 cout << "二进制: " << dec2n(x) << endl; 26 cout << "八进制: " << dec2n(x, 8) << endl; 27 cout << "十六进制: " << dec2n(x, 16) << endl << endl; 28 } 29 }
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任务5:
task.cpp:
1 #include <iostream> 2 using namespace std; 3 4 int main() { 5 cout << " "; 6 for (char c = 'a'; c <= 'z'; ++c) { 7 cout << c << " "; 8 } 9 cout << endl; 10 11 12 for (int i = 0; i < 26; ++i) { 13 cout << i + 1 << " "; 14 for (int j = 0; j < 26; ++j) { 15 16 char c = 'B' + (i + j) % 26; 17 if (c > 'Z') { 18 c -= 26; 19 } 20 cout << c << " "; 21 } 22 cout << endl; 23 } 24 25 return 0; 26 }
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任务6:
task.cpp:
1 #include <iostream> 2 #include <cstdlib> 3 #include <ctime> 4 5 using namespace std; 6 7 int main() { 8 srand(time(0)); 9 int a, b, user_answer, correct_answer; 10 char op; 11 int correct_count = 0; 12 13 for (int i = 0; i < 10; ++i) { 14 a = rand() % 10 + 1; 15 b = rand() % 10 + 1; 16 op = "+-*/"[rand() % 4]; 17 18 if (op == '+') { 19 correct_answer = a + b; 20 } else if (op == '-') { 21 correct_answer = a - b; 22 } else if (op == '*') { 23 correct_answer = a * b; 24 } else if (op == '/') { 25 while (b == 0 || a % b != 0) { 26 a = rand() % 10 + 1; 27 b = rand() % 10 + 1; 28 } 29 correct_answer = a / b; 30 } 31 32 cout << a << " " << op << " " << b << " = "; 33 cin >> user_answer; 34 35 if (user_answer == correct_answer) { 36 correct_count++; 37 } 38 } 39 40 cout << "正确率: " << (correct_count * 10) << "%" << endl; 41 42 return 0; 43 }
代码运行结果: