异步机制 - IO完成端口

1 KQUEUE KeInitializeQueue

VOID

  KeInitializeQueue(

    IN PKQUEUE  Queue,

    IN ULONG  Count  OPTIONAL

    );

lkd> dt _KQUEUE

nt!_KQUEUE

   +0x000 Header           : _DISPATCHER_HEADER

   +0x010 EntryListHead    : _LIST_ENTRY

   +0x018 CurrentCount     : Uint4B

   +0x01c MaximumCount     : Uint4B

   +0x020 ThreadListHead   : _LIST_ENTRY

KeInitializeQueue初始化Queue对象,线程可以等待访问队列中的元素,Count 表示同时可以访问队列的线程数(不需要等待),一般使用KQUEUE的时候也会创建对应数量的线程来queue and dequeue its entries

 

2 KQUEUE KeInsertQueue

LONG

  KeInsertQueue(

    IN PKQUEUE  Queue,

    IN PLIST_ENTRY  Entry

    );

如果当前线程的不是处于queue wait状态,或者等待的QUEUE不是要插入的这个QUEUE,并且有其它线程在等待KQUEUE(调用KeRemoveQueue),活跃的线程小于最大的活跃线程,则会唤醒等待KQUEUE的线程来取本次要插入的Entry,否则把Entry插入到Queue的尾部.

 

3 CreateIoCompletionPort - ExistingCompletionPort为NULL的情况

HANDLE WINAPI CreateIoCompletionPort(

  __in          HANDLE FileHandle,

  __in          HANDLE ExistingCompletionPort,

  __in          ULONG_PTR CompletionKey,

  __in          DWORD NumberOfConcurrentThreads

);

内部创建一个完成端口对象,对象开始是一个_KQUEUE对象,然后调用KeInitializeQueue初始化这个KQUEUE,然后返回这个对象的句柄。如果FileHandle不为NULL,则调用NtSetInformationFile把FileHandle和完成端口进行绑定关联

      CompletionInfo.Port = ExistingCompletionPort;

      CompletionInfo.Key = (void *)CompletionKey;

      NtSetInformationFile(FileHandle, &IoSb, &CompletionInfo, 8, FileCompletionInformation);

关于NtSetInformationFile内部的实现,先看FILE_OBJECT对象

lkd> dt _FILE_OBJECT

nt!_FILE_OBJECT

...

   +0x06c CompletionContext : Ptr32 _IO_COMPLETION_CONTEXT

lkd> dt  _IO_COMPLETION_CONTEXT

nt!_IO_COMPLETION_CONTEXT

   +0x000 Port             : Ptr32 Void

   +0x004 Key              : Ptr32 Void

也就是说内部先分配一个IO_COMPLETION_CONTEXT结构体,然后根据CompletionInfo里面的Port句柄获得Port对象,然后填充这个结构体,最后把这个结构体的指针放到FileHandle对应的文件对象的CompletionContext里面。一个CompletionPort可以关联多个FileHandle,可以通过CompletionKey来标识具体的FileHandle

 

4 PostQueuedCompletionStatus

BOOL WINAPI PostQueuedCompletionStatus(

  __in          HANDLE CompletionPort,

  __in          DWORD dwNumberOfBytesTransferred,

  __in          ULONG_PTR dwCompletionKey,

  __in          LPOVERLAPPED lpOverlapped //这里只是个指针,不一定非要指向OVERLAPPED结构体

);

往CompletionPort投递一个I/O completion packet,包含dwNumberOfBytesTransferred, dwCompletionKey和lpOverlapped.

PostQueuedCompletionStatus内部调用NtSetIoCompletion来实现具体的功能

NTSTATUS

NtSetIoCompletion (

    __in HANDLE IoCompletionHandle, //CompletionPort

    __in PVOID KeyContext,     //dwCompletionKey

    __in_opt PVOID ApcContext,      //为0

    __in NTSTATUS IoStatus,     //lpOverlapped

    __in ULONG_PTR IoStatusInformation //dwNumberOfBytesTransferred

    )

NtSetIoCompletion内部大概实现如下

IoCompletionHandle获得完成端口对象IoCompletion,分配一个结构体_IOP_MINI_COMPLETION_PACKET MiniPacket,根据NtSetIoCompletion传进的参数初始化MiniPacket,调用KeInsertQueue((PKQUEUE)IoCompletion, &MiniPacket->ListEntry);插入到完成端口对象的KQUEUE里面_IOP_MINI_COMPLETION_PACKETL里面的PacketType表示类型,比如IopCompletionPacketIrp表示是IRP IO完成时投递的,在NtRemoveIoCompletion里面会跟进这个字段来区分数据

 

5 GetQueuedCompletionStatus

BOOL WINAPI GetQueuedCompletionStatus(

  __in          HANDLE CompletionPort,

  __out         LPDWORD lpNumberOfBytes,

  __out         PULONG_PTR lpCompletionKey,

  __out         LPOVERLAPPED* lpOverlapped,

  __in          DWORD dwMilliseconds

);

内部只是简单的调用NtRemoveIoCompletion

NTSTATUS

NtRemoveIoCompletion (

    __in HANDLE IoCompletionHandle,

    __out PVOID *KeyContext,

    __out PVOID *ApcContext,

    __out PIO_STATUS_BLOCK IoStatusBlock,

    __in_opt PLARGE_INTEGER Timeout

    )

如果是IO

   ApcContext = Irp->Overlay.AsynchronousParameters.UserApcContext;

   KeyContext = (PVOID)Irp->Tail.CompletionKey;

   IoStatusBlock = Irp->IoStatus;

 

6 完成端口跟FileHandle的内部逻辑

当一次IO完成时,会调用IopCompleteRequest,IopCompleteRequest内部有这一处逻辑

        if (fileObject && fileObject->CompletionContext) {

            port = fileObject->CompletionContext->Port;

            key = fileObject->CompletionContext->Key;

        }

            irp->Tail.CompletionKey = key;

            irp->Tail.Overlay.PacketType = IopCompletionPacketIrp;

 

            KeInsertQueue( (PKQUEUE) port,

                           &irp->Tail.Overlay.ListEntry );

也就是说,每一次IO完成时,都会向完成端口投递相关信息

 

7  BindIoCompletionCallback

BOOL WINAPI BindIoCompletionCallback(

  __in          HANDLE FileHandle,

  __in          LPOVERLAPPED_COMPLETION_ROUTINE Function,

  ULONG Flags //没用

);

微软内部帮你封装好了IO 完成端口的调用,线程池,在文件操作完成时会调用Function

BindIoCompletionCallback内部实现

    Status = RtlSetIoCompletionCallback(FileHandle,

                                        (PIO_APC_ROUTINE)Function,

                                        Flags);

RtlSetIoCompletionCallback内部只是把Function当做一个CompletionKey,调用 NtSetInformationFile(FileHandle, &IoSb, &CompletionInfo, 8, FileCompletionInformation); 把Function和文件句柄进行绑定,下次有IO完成时,线程池里面的线程调用ZwRemoveIoCompletion就可以获得CompletionKey,然后进行调用

VOID CALLBACK FileIOCompletionRoutine(

  [in]                 DWORD dwErrorCode,  //

  [in]                 DWORD dwNumberOfBytesTransfered,

  [in]                 LPOVERLAPPED lpOverlapped //ApcContext = Irp->Overlay.AsynchronousParameters.UserApcContext;

);

那Irp->Overlay.AsynchronousParameters.UserApcContext从哪来的,在NtReadFile, NtWriteFile里面会设置

NTSTATUS

NtReadFile (

    __in HANDLE FileHandle,

    __in_opt HANDLE Event,

    __in_opt PIO_APC_ROUTINE ApcRoutine,

    __in_opt PVOID ApcContext,

    __out PIO_STATUS_BLOCK IoStatusBlock,

    __out_bcount(Length) PVOID Buffer,

    __in ULONG Length,

    __in_opt PLARGE_INTEGER ByteOffset,

    __in_opt PULONG Key

    )

irp->Overlay.AsynchronousParameters.UserApcContext = ApcContext;

 

对应的就是ReadFile里面的lpOverlapped

BOOL WINAPI ReadFile(

  __in          HANDLE hFile,

  __out         LPVOID lpBuffer,

  __in          DWORD nNumberOfBytesToRead,

  __out         LPDWORD lpNumberOfBytesRead,

  __in          LPOVERLAPPED lpOverlapped

);

 

 

8 APC和完成端口

如果绑定了完成端口,那APC是不能干活的,在NtReadFile, NtWriteFile里面会这么判断

            if (fileObject->CompletionContext && IopApcRoutinePresent( ApcRoutine )) {

                ObDereferenceObject( fileObject );

                return STATUS_INVALID_PARAMETER;

            }

也就是意味着绑定了完成端口以后,你不能使用ReadFileEx传入回调

 

posted @ 2015-04-10 17:41  sysnap  阅读(1128)  评论(1编辑  收藏  举报