如何安装使用PHP MyAdmin

前言：

因为工作的原因，很多地方需要用到数据库查询，为了避免破坏真实存在的数据库，所以，我搭建了一个虚拟机，在搭建的虚拟机上将数据库进行了导入。这里，用了一个PHP myAdmin的工具，个人觉得还是非常方便控制管理数据库的。故做了下研究，写下此文章记录下。

PHP myAdmin简介

phpMyAdmin 是一个以PHP为基础，以Web-Base方式架构在网站主机上的MySQL的数据库管理工具，让管理者可用Web接口管理MySQL数据库。借由此Web接口可以成为一个简易方式输入繁杂SQL语法的较佳途径，尤其要处理大量资料的汇入及汇出更为方便。其中一个更大的优势在于由于phpMyAdmin跟其他PHP程式一样在网页服务器上执行，但是您可以在任何地方使用这些程式产生的HTML页面，也就是于远端管理MySQL数据库，方便的建立、修改、删除数据库及资料表。也可借由phpMyAdmin建立常用的php语法，方便编写网页时所需要的sql语法正确性。

具体安装步骤：

1.安装mysql

如果你的服务器上安装配置好了yum源的话，一切都变了简单了，具体操作执行命令如下：

1）安装软件

root@cent42:/var/www/html> yum install mysql-server

Loaded plugins: fastestmirror

Setting up Install Process

Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile

Resolving Dependencies

--> Running transaction check

---> Package mysql-server.i686 0:5.1.73-5.el6_6 will be installed

--> Processing Dependency: mysql = 5.1.73-5.el6_6 for package: mysql-server-5.1.73-5.el6_6.i686

--> Processing Dependency: perl-DBI for package: mysql-server-5.1.73-5.el6_6.i686

--> Processing Dependency: perl-DBD-MySQL for package: mysql-server-5.1.73-5.el6_6.i686

--> Processing Dependency: perl(vars) for package: mysql-server-5.1.73-5.el6_6.i686

--> Processing Dependency: perl(strict) for package: mysql-server-5.1.73-5.el6_6.i686

--> Processing Dependency: perl(Sys::Hostname) for package: mysql-server-5.1.73-5.el6_6.i686

--> Processing Dependency: perl(POSIX) for package: mysql-server-5.1.73-5.el6_6.i686

--> Processing Dependency: perl(Getopt::Long) for package: mysql-server-5.1.73-5.el6_6.i686

--> Processing Dependency: perl(File::Temp) for package: mysql-server-5.1.73-5.el6_6.i686

--> Processing Dependency: perl(File::Path) for package: mysql-server-5.1.73-5.el6_6.i686

--> Processing Dependency: perl(File::Copy) for package: mysql-server-5.1.73-5.el6_6.i686

--> Processing Dependency: perl(File::Basename) for package: mysql-server-5.1.73-5.el6_6.i686

--> Processing Dependency: perl(Data::Dumper) for package: mysql-server-5.1.73-5.el6_6.i686

--> Processing Dependency: perl(DBI) for package: mysql-server-5.1.73-5.el6_6.i686

--> Processing Dependency: /usr/bin/perl for package: mysql-server-5.1.73-5.el6_6.i686

--> Running transaction check

---> Package mysql.i686 0:5.1.73-5.el6_6 will be installed

---> Package perl.i686 4:5.10.1-141.el6 will be installed

--> Processing Dependency: perl-libs = 4:5.10.1-141.el6 for package: 4:perl-5.10.1-141.el6.i686

--> Processing Dependency: perl-libs for package: 4:perl-5.10.1-141.el6.i686

--> Processing Dependency: perl(version) for package: 4:perl-5.10.1-141.el6.i686

--> Processing Dependency: perl(Pod::Simple) for package: 4:perl-5.10.1-141.el6.i686

--> Processing Dependency: perl(Module::Pluggable) for package: 4:perl-5.10.1-141.el6.i686

--> Processing Dependency: libperl.so for package: 4:perl-5.10.1-141.el6.i686

---> Package perl-DBD-MySQL.i686 0:4.013-3.el6 will be installed

---> Package perl-DBI.i686 0:1.609-4.el6 will be installed

--> Running transaction check

---> Package perl-Module-Pluggable.i686 1:3.90-141.el6 will be installed

---> Package perl-Pod-Simple.i686 1:3.13-141.el6 will be installed

--> Processing Dependency: perl(Pod::Escapes) >= 1.04 for package: 1:perl-Pod-Simple-3.13-141.el6.i686

---> Package perl-libs.i686 4:5.10.1-141.el6 will be installed

---> Package perl-version.i686 3:0.77-141.el6 will be installed

--> Running transaction check

---> Package perl-Pod-Escapes.i686 1:1.04-141.el6 will be installed

--> Finished Dependency Resolution

Dependencies Resolved

=================================================================================================================

Package Arch Version Repository Size

=================================================================================================================

Installing:

mysql-server i686 5.1.73-5.el6_6 c6-xiawei 8.8 M

Installing for dependencies:

mysql i686 5.1.73-5.el6_6 c6-xiawei 904 k

perl i686 4:5.10.1-141.el6 c6-xiawei 9.7 M

perl-DBD-MySQL i686 4.013-3.el6 c6-xiawei 134 k

perl-DBI i686 1.609-4.el6 c6-xiawei 705 k

perl-Module-Pluggable i686 1:3.90-141.el6 c6-xiawei 40 k

perl-Pod-Escapes i686 1:1.04-141.el6 c6-xiawei 33 k

perl-Pod-Simple i686 1:3.13-141.el6 c6-xiawei 213 k

perl-libs i686 4:5.10.1-141.el6 c6-xiawei 594 k

perl-version i686 3:0.77-141.el6 c6-xiawei 52 k

Transaction Summary

=================================================================================================================

Install 10 Package(s)

Total download size: 21 M

Installed size: 59 M

Is this ok [y/N]: y

Downloading Packages:

(1/10): mysql-5.1.73-5.el6_6.i686.rpm | 904 kB 00:00

(2/10): mysql-server-5.1.73-5.el6_6.i686.rpm | 8.8 MB 00:00

(3/10): perl-libs-5.10.1-141.el6.i686.rpm | 594 kB 00:00

(4/10): perl-DBD-MySQL-4.013-3.el6.i686.rpm | 134 kB 00:00

(5/10): perl-Pod-Escapes-1.04-141.el6.i686.rpm | 33 kB 00:00

(6/10): perl-Pod-Simple-3.13-141.el6.i686.rpm | 213 kB 00:00

(7/10): perl-DBI-1.609-4.el6.i686.rpm | 705 kB 00:00

(8/10): perl-Module-Pluggable-3.90-141.el6.i686.rpm | 40 kB 00:00

(9/10): perl-version-0.77-141.el6.i686.rpm | 52 kB 00:00

(10/10): perl-5.10.1-141.el6.i686.rpm | 9.7 MB 00:00

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Total 24 MB/s | 21 MB 00:00

Running rpm_check_debug

Running Transaction Test

Transaction Test Succeeded

Running Transaction

Installing : 1:perl-Pod-Escapes-1.04-141.el6.i686 1/10

Installing : 1:perl-Pod-Simple-3.13-141.el6.i686 2/10

Installing : 1:perl-Module-Pluggable-3.90-141.el6.i686 3/10

Installing : 3:perl-version-0.77-141.el6.i686 4/10

Installing : 4:perl-libs-5.10.1-141.el6.i686 5/10

Installing : 4:perl-5.10.1-141.el6.i686 6/10

Installing : perl-DBI-1.609-4.el6.i686 7/10

Installing : perl-DBD-MySQL-4.013-3.el6.i686 8/10

Installing : mysql-5.1.73-5.el6_6.i686 9/10

Installing : mysql-server-5.1.73-5.el6_6.i686 10/10

Verifying : mysql-5.1.73-5.el6_6.i686 1/10

Verifying : mysql-server-5.1.73-5.el6_6.i686 2/10

Verifying : 4:perl-libs-5.10.1-141.el6.i686 3/10

Verifying : perl-DBD-MySQL-4.013-3.el6.i686 4/10

Verifying : 1:perl-Pod-Escapes-1.04-141.el6.i686 5/10

Verifying : 1:perl-Pod-Simple-3.13-141.el6.i686 6/10

Verifying : perl-DBI-1.609-4.el6.i686 7/10

Verifying : 1:perl-Module-Pluggable-3.90-141.el6.i686 8/10

Verifying : 3:perl-version-0.77-141.el6.i686 9/10

Verifying : 4:perl-5.10.1-141.el6.i686 10/10

Installed:

mysql-server.i686 0:5.1.73-5.el6_6

Dependency Installed:

mysql.i686 0:5.1.73-5.el6_6 perl.i686 4:5.10.1-141.el6

perl-DBD-MySQL.i686 0:4.013-3.el6 perl-DBI.i686 0:1.609-4.el6

perl-Module-Pluggable.i686 1:3.90-141.el6 perl-Pod-Escapes.i686 1:1.04-141.el6

perl-Pod-Simple.i686 1:3.13-141.el6 perl-libs.i686 4:5.10.1-141.el6

perl-version.i686 3:0.77-141.el6

Complete!

root@cent42:/var/www/html>

2）启动服务器

root@cent42:/root> service mysqld start

Initializing MySQL database: WARNING: The host 'cent42' could not be looked up with resolveip.

This probably means that your libc libraries are not 100 % compatible

with this binary MySQL version. The MySQL daemon, mysqld, should work

normally with the exception that host name resolving will not work.

This means that you should use IP addresses instead of hostnames

when specifying MySQL privileges !

Installing MySQL system tables...

Filling help tables...

To start mysqld at boot time you have to copy

support-files/mysql.server to the right place for your system

PLEASE REMEMBER TO SET A PASSWORD FOR THE MySQL root USER !

To do so, start the server, then issue the following commands:

/usr/bin/mysqladmin -u root password 'new-password'

/usr/bin/mysqladmin -u root -h cent42 password 'new-password'

Alternatively you can run:

/usr/bin/mysql_secure_installation

which will also give you the option of removing the test

databases and anonymous user created by default. This is

strongly recommended for production servers.

See the manual for more instructions.

You can start the MySQL daemon with:

cd /usr ; /usr/bin/mysqld_safe &

You can test the MySQL daemon with mysql-test-run.pl

cd /usr/mysql-test ; perl mysql-test-run.pl

Please report any problems with the /usr/bin/mysqlbug script!

[ OK ]

Starting mysqld: [ OK ]

3）放通防火墙

使用命令如下：

iptables -A INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 3306 -j ACCEPT (关于iptabls的详细解释请见iptables章节）

4) 执行安全性设置

包括设置root密码、删除测试数据库等：这里设置root密码将是你登陆数据库使用的密码）

root@cent42:/root> /usr/bin/mysql_secure_installation

NOTE: RUNNING ALL PARTS OF THIS SCRIPT IS RECOMMENDED FOR ALL MySQL

SERVERS IN PRODUCTION USE! PLEASE READ EACH STEP CAREFULLY!

In order to log into MySQL to secure it, we'll need the current

password for the root user. If you've just installed MySQL, and

you haven't set the root password yet, the password will be blank,

so you should just press enter here.

Enter current password for root (enter for none):

OK, successfully used password, moving on...

Setting the root password ensures that nobody can log into the MySQL

root user without the proper authorisation.

Set root password? [Y/n] Y

New password:

Re-enter new password:

Password updated successfully!

Reloading privilege tables..

... Success!

By default, a MySQL installation has an anonymous user, allowing anyone

to log into MySQL without having to have a user account created for

them. This is intended only for testing, and to make the installation

go a bit smoother. You should remove them before moving into a

production environment.

Remove anonymous users? [Y/n] Y

... Success!

Normally, root should only be allowed to connect from 'localhost'. This

ensures that someone cannot guess at the root password from the network.

Disallow root login remotely? [Y/n] Y

... Success!

By default, MySQL comes with a database named 'test' that anyone can

access. This is also intended only for testing, and should be removed

before moving into a production environment.

Remove test database and access to it? [Y/n] Y

- Dropping test database...

... Success!

- Removing privileges on test database...

... Success!

Reloading the privilege tables will ensure that all changes made so far

will take effect immediately.

Reload privilege tables now? [Y/n] Y

... Success!

Cleaning up...

All done! If you've completed all of the above steps, your MySQL

installation should now be secure.

Thanks for using MySQL!

root@cent42:/root>

上述内容执行完成后，你的mysql就应该安装好了，如果你想使用PHP MyAdmin的话，还需要安装Apache以及PHP,所以，接下来，我们继续安装着2部分的内容

2.安装Apache(httpd)

2.1 通过yum进行安装

Command :yum install httpd

2.2 启动httpd 服务

chkconfig httpd on

这里需要注意，需要确认httpd的3个5处于on的状态，输入chkconfig之后，找到httpd,进行check即可。

2.3 启动http

service httpd start

2.4 配置防火墙

在“/etc/sysconfig/iptables”文件中“-A INPUT ... --dport 22 -j ACCEPT”一行后面添加放通80端口的规则。具体命令如下：

"-A INPUT -p tcp -m state --state NEW -m tcp --dport 80 -j ACCEPT"

重启防火墙（service iptables restart)

上述操作完成后，你可以通过浏览器去访问如下的地址（地址就是你搭建虚拟机的地址）

http://135.251.124.24/

会出现一个Apache的界面

现在，你只要在服务器的“/var/www/html/”这个目录中添加相关的html文件，就可以访问了。

3.安装PHP

yum install php php-mysql

这里仅仅安装了PHP软件本身，和用于php-mysql连接的库,实际在访问PHP的时候，还需要装其他的插件，所以，如何找打和PHP相关的插件呢？可以使用如下命令：

yum search php-,这里命令可以列出所有的PHP的安装包，如果你想知道每个模块是干什么的，可以使用“yum info php-common”这样的命令去查看

安装完成后，需要重启Apache HTTP Server :

service httpd restart

测试下PHP是否安装成功，能否解析PHP代码。进入如下目录：

cd /var/www/html/

编辑如下文件：

root@cent42:/var/www/html> vi info.php

添加如下信息：

<?php

phpinfo();

保存退出后，浏览器中输入：

http://135.251.124.24//info.php，应该就可以看到PHP的网页了。

安装phpMyAdmin

找到一个phpMyAdmin的包，将其放在你的服务器上，我是直接放在了/var/www/html下，然后解压，将名称更改为phpMyAdmin即可。这样，你就可以通过访问http://135.252.4.25/phpMyAdmin/来访问phpMyAdmin,从而来访问管理你的数据库了。

用户名就是root,密码就是你在上面设置的密码。

4.如何导入导出数据库

如果你有一个源数据库，你想将它导入到你搭建的服务器上，那么应该如何实现呢，可以用如下的命令：

先通过如下命令到源数据库中将数据导出：

mysqldump --password=xxx(密码） --user=root（用户） --add-drop-table --databases xxx(源DB的名字） --result-file=/home/xxx.sql(目标）

然后登陆到目标数据库(我这里就是登陆到24上），创建一个新的database：

mysqladmin --user=root --password=xxx create mh_db_bak_20160811

然后将刚才导出的文件上传到目标数据库的同一个服务器上(通过FTP等先将导出的数据库传入到你的目标服务器上），执行下面的命令导入文件：

mysql --user=root --password=xxx mh_db_bak_20160811 < cif4db.sql

这样，你打开你的PHPMyAdmin的时候，就可以看到导入的数据库了，可以执行你的查询等操作啦。

posted on 2016-11-23 19:06 爱测试的桑小样阅读(877) 评论(0) 编辑收藏举报

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