实验4
task1-1.c
#include<stdio.h> #define N 4 int main() { int a[N] = {2, 0, 2, 2}; char b[N] ={'2','0','2','2'}; int i; printf("sizeof(int) = %d\n",sizeof(int)); printf("sizeof(char) = %d\n",sizeof(char)); printf("\n"); //输出数组a中每个元素的地址、值 for(i=0;i<N;++i) printf("%p: %d\n",&a[i],a[i]); printf("\n"); //输出数组b中每个元素的地址、值 for(i=0;i<N;++i) printf("%p: %c\n",&b[i],b[i]); printf("\n"); //输出数组名a和b对应的值 printf("a = %p\n",a); printf("b = %p\n",b); return 0; }
运行结果
问题回答
(1)int型数组a,在内存单元中连续存放,每个元素占用4个内存字节单元。
(2)char型数组b,在内存单元中连续存放,每个元素占用1个内存字节单元。
(3)数组名a对应的值和&a[0]一样,数组名b对应的值和&b[0]一样.
task1-2.c
#include<stdio.h> #define N 2 #define M 3 int main() { int a[N][M] = {{1,2,3},{4,5,6}}; char b[N][M] = {{'1','2','3'},{'4','5','6'}}; int i,j; for(i=0;i<N;++i) for(j=0;j<M;++j) printf("%p: %d\n",&a[i][j],a[i][j]); printf("\n"); for(i=0;i<N;++i) for(j=0;j<M;++j) printf("%p:%c\n",&b[i][j],b[i][j]); return 0; }
1.按行连续存放,每个元素占用4个内存字节单元
2.按行连续存放,每个元素占用1个内存字节单元
运行结果
实验任务2
#include<stdio.h> int days_of_year(int year,int month,int day); int main() { int year,month,day; int days; while(scanf("%d%d%d",&year,&month,&day)!=EOF) { days=days_of_year(year,month,day); printf("%4d-%02d-%02d室这一年的第%d天.\n\n",year,month,day,days); } return 0; } //函数定义 int days_of_year(int year, int month, int day) { int n=0,i; int x[13]={0,31,28,31,30,31,30,31,31,30,31,30,31 }; if ((year%4==0&&year%100!=0)||(year%400==0)) x[2]=29; for (i=1;i<month;i++) n=n+x[i]; return n+day; }
实验结果
实验任务3
#include <stdio.h> #define N 5 void input(int x[], int n); void output(int x[], int n); double average(int x[], int n); void sort(int x[], int n); int main() { int scores[N]; double ave; printf("录入%d个分数:\n", N); input(scores, N); printf("\n输出课程分数: \n"); output(scores, N); printf("\n课程分数处理: 计算均分、排序...\n"); ave = average(scores, N); sort(scores, N); printf("\n输出课程均分: %.2f\n", ave); printf("\n输出课程分数(高->低):\n"); output(scores, N); return 0; } void input(int x[],int n) { int i; for(i=0;i<n;i++) scanf("%d",&x[i]); } void output(int x[],int n) { int i; for(i=0;i<n;i++) printf("%d ",x[i]); printf("\n"); } double average(int x[],int n) { double s=0; int i; for(i=0;i<n;i++) s+=x[i]; return (s/n); } void sort(int x[],int n) { int i,j,t; for(j=0;j<n-1;j++) { for(i=0;i<n-1-j;i++) { if(x[i]>x[i+1]) { t=x[i]; x[i]=x[i+1]; x[i+1]=t; } } } for(i=0;i<=n/2;i++) { t=x[i]; x[i]=x[n-i-1]; x[n-i-1]=t; } }
实验结果
实验任务4
#include<stdio.h> void dec2n(int x,int n); int main() { int x; printf("输入一个十进制整数:"); scanf("%d",&x); dec2n(x,2); dec2n(x,8); dec2n(x,16); return 0; } void dec2n(int x,int n) { int t,i,j; int a[10086]; while(x!=0) { t=x%n; a[i]=t; x=x/n; i++; } for(j=i-1;j>=0;j--) { if(a[j]>9&&a[j]<16) { printf("%c",a[j]-10+'A'); } else { printf("%d",a[j]); } } printf("\n"); }
实验结果
实验任务5
#include<stdio.h> int main() { int i,j,k,n; printf("Enter n:"); while(scanf("%d",&n)!= EOF) { for(i=1;i<=n;i++) { for(j=1;j<=n;j++) { k=i>j?j:i; printf("%3d",k); } printf("\n"); } } return 0; }
实验结果
实验任务6
#include <stdio.h> #define N 80 int main() { char views1[N] = "hey, c, i hate u."; char views2[N] = "hey, c, i love u."; char a[N]; int i; printf("original views:\n"); printf("views1:hey, c, i hate u.\n"); printf("views2:hey, c, i love u.\n"); printf("\n"); printf("swapping...\n"); for(i=0;i<N;i++) { a[i]=views1[i]; views1[i]=views2[i]; views2[i]=a[i]; } printf("views1:"); for(i=0;views1[i]!='\0';i++) printf("%c",views1[i]); printf("\n"); printf("views2:"); for(i=0;views2[i]!='\0';i++) printf("%c",views2[i]); printf("\n"); return 0; }
实验结果
实验任务7
#include <stdio.h> #include <string.h> #define N 5 #define M 20 void bubble_sort(char str[][M], int n); int main() { char name[][M] = {"Bob", "Bill", "Joseph", "Taylor", "George"}; int i; printf("输出初始名单:\n"); for (i = 0; i < N; i++) printf("%s\n", name[i]); printf("\n排序中...\n"); bubble_sort(name, N); printf("\n按字典序输出名单:\n"); for (i = 0; i < N; i++) printf("%s\n", name[i]); return 0; } void bubble_sort(char str[][M],int n) { int i,j; char a[M]; for(i=0;i<N;i++) { for(j=0;j<N-1;j++) { if(strcmp(str[j],str[j+1])>0) { strcpy(a,str[j]); strcpy(str[j],str[j+1]); strcpy(str[j+1],a); } } } }
实验结果