模板继承

1,修改主页

父模板:抽取通用元素,在index.html同级目录下新建base.html

<p>
    <a href="{% url 'learning_logs:index' %}">Learning Log</a>
</p>
{% block content %}{% endblock content %}

 板标签用大括号和百分号 {% %} 表示,在这个实例中,模板标签{% url 'learning_logs:index' %} 生成一个URL,该URL与learning_logs/urls.py中定义的名为index 的URL模式匹配。在这个示例中,learning_logs 是一个命名空间,而index 是该命名空间中一个名称独特的URL模式。

子模板
index.html继承base.html
{% extends "learning_logs/base.html" %} 
{% block content %}
<p>
  Learning Log helps you keep track of your learning, for any topic you're
  learning about.
</p>
{% endblock content %}
子模板的第一行必须包含标签{% extends %},base.html在learning_logs文件夹中,因此父模板路径中包含learning_logs。
{% block %} 标签定义content 块,{% endblock content %} 指出了内容定义的结束位置。
 
打开http://localhost:8000/,报错django 'set' object is not reversible,如下:

 

 解决办法:urls.py中将大括号修改为中括号(字典是无序的,所以报错不能逆转)

2,增加一个主题列表页面

  • 打开urls.py
urlpatterns = [
    url(r'^$',views.index,name="index"),
    # 显示所有的主题
    url(r'^topics/$', views.topics, name='topics'),
]
  • 在views.py新增topics函数
from django.shortcuts import render
from .models import Topic

# Create your views here.
def index(request):
    """学习笔记的主页"""
    return render(request,'learning_logs/index.html')

def topics(request):
    """显示所有的主题"""
    topics = Topic.objects.order_by('date_added')
    context = {'topics': topics}
    return render(request, 'learning_logs/topics.html', context)
  • 在index.html同级目录下新建topic.html
{% extends "learning_logs/base.html" %}

{% block content %}

<p>Topics</p>
<ul>
    {% for topic in topics %}
    <li>{{topic}}</li>
    {% empty %}
    <li>no topics have been added yet.</li>
    {% endfor %}
</ul>

{% endblock content %}
  • 修改base.html 
<p>
    <a href="{% url 'learning_logs:index' %}">Learning Log</a>
    <a href="{% url 'learning_logs:topics' %}">Topics</a>
</p>
{% block content %}{% endblock content %}
  • 打开http://localhost:8000/

  点击Topic:

 3,显示特定主题

  • urls.py
"""定义learning_logs的URL模式"""
from django.urls import re_path as url
# 让Python从当前的urls.py模块所在的文件夹中导入视图
from . import views

urlpatterns = [
    url(r'^$', views.index, name="index"),
    # 显示所有的主题
    url(r'^topics/$', views.topics, name='topics'),
    # 特定主题的详细页面
    url(r'^topics/(?P<topic_id>\d+)/$', views.topic, name='topic'),
]
  • views.py
def topic(request, topic_id):
    """显示单个主题及其所有的条目"""
    topic = Topic.objects.get(id=topic_id)
    entries = topic.entry_set.order_by('-date_added')
    context = {'topic': topic, 'entries': entries}
    return render(request, 'learning_logs/topic.html', context)
  • 新建topic.html
{% extends 'learning_logs/base.html' %} 
{% block content %}
<p>Topic: {{ topic }}</p>
<p>Entries:</p>
<ul>
  {% for entry in entries %}
  <li>
    <p>{{ entry.date_added|date:'Y M d, H:i' }}</p>
    <p>{{ entry.text|linebreaks }}</p>
  </li>
  {% empty %}
  <li>There are no entries for this topic yet.</li>
  {% endfor %}
</ul>
{% endblock content %}
  • 打开topics.html,将每个主题加上链接
  <li>
    <a href="{% url 'learning_logs:topic' topic.id %}">{{topic}}</a>
  </li>
  • 打开http://localhost:8000/,点击Topic,点击某个主题:

 

 

 

 

posted on 2023-02-15 17:38  Zoie_ting  阅读(97)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报