python中的常用方法
1.os模块的常用方法:
>>> import os >>> >>> myFiles = ['accounts.txt', 'details.csv', 'invite.docx'] # 组合目录路径 >>> for filename in myFiles: print(os.path.join('C:\\Users\\sxhui101', filename)) C:\Users\sxhui101\accounts.txt C:\Users\sxhui101\details.csv C:\Users\sxhui101\invite.docx >>> os.getcwd() # 获取当前工作目录 'C:\\Python\\Python35' >>> os.chdir('D:\\mzitu') # 更改当前工作目录 >>> os.getcwd() 'D:\\mzitu' >>> os.makedirs('D:\\mzitu\\beauty') # 创建目录
2.enumerate用法:
for i, j in enumerate[a, b, c]: print(i, j, sep=" ") # 0 a # 1 b # 2 c
3.for循环与while循环
for i in range(10): # for循环
if i == 5: # 可以将5变成11试试,可以发现如果是5,不会打印done;如果是11则会打印done break # 跳出整个循环,只会打印前5个数字;换成continue,跳出本循环,进行下一个循环,就不会打印5了
print(i)
else:
print("done")
count = 0 while count < 10: # while循环 print(count) count += 1 else: print("you have counted for ten times!")
4.格式化输出
name = "Shuai xianghui" age = 1 address = "Hang Zhou" info1 = ''' ---------- info of %s -------------- Name: %s Age: %d Address: %s ''' % (name, name, age, address) info2 = ''' ---------- info of {_name} -------------- Name: {_name} Age: {_age} Address: {_address} '''.format(_name=name, _age=age, _address=address)