qt实现头像上传功能
想必大家都使用过qt的自定义头像功能吧,那么图1应该不会陌生,本片文章我就是要模拟一个这样的功能,虽然没有这么强大的效果,但是能够满足一定的需求。
图1 qq上传图片
首先在讲解功能之前,我先给出一片文章,QT实现的类似QQ的头像选择框,这篇文章也是讲解头像上传功能的,而我自己的代码是从这个demo中优化而来,不仅对代码进行了重构,而且处理了快速拖动时,边框消失的问题。使用事件和双缓冲来尽量减少重新绘制的几率。接下里我会一步一步进行讲解,怎么实现图片自定义截取功能。
一、概要
首选,我给出4个类,并给出他们的解释
1、PicturePreviewPanel:图标展示框,控件基类
2、BackgroundWidget:阴影窗口,是PicturePreviewPanel子类
3、CutShape:交互图形基类,实现了拖拽和放大缩小功能
4、CutRound:圆形剪贴,父类为CutShape,实现父类的paintInit接口重绘
5、CutRectangle:矩形剪贴,父类为CutShape,实现父类的paintInit接口重绘
二、详情
理解了上述5个类之后,接下来我分别讲解下类的头文件和重要的实现接口,其中自定义图形类也可以自己在扩充
头文件代码如下,有部分注释,代码应该不难理解,开发过程中只需要声明PicturePreviewPanel类,并调用期LoadPicture接口就可以加载图片,并进行图片剪切
1 #include <QWidget> 2 3 class QLabel; 4 5 enum ShapeType 6 { 7 Rect,//矩形 8 Round,//圆形 9 }; 10 11 //剪贴图基类 实现了基本的交互功能,并绘制了部分图案,主要的团绘制在子类实现,通过实现paintInit接口 12 class CutShape : public QWidget 13 { 14 public: 15 CutShape(QWidget * parent = nullptr); 16 ~CutShape(); 17 18 public: 19 QPainterPath CutRegion(); 20 21 protected: 22 //QWidget 23 virtual void mousePressEvent(QMouseEvent *) Q_DECL_OVERRIDE; 24 virtual void mouseMoveEvent(QMouseEvent *) Q_DECL_OVERRIDE; 25 virtual void mouseReleaseEvent(QMouseEvent *) Q_DECL_OVERRIDE; 26 virtual void resizeEvent(QResizeEvent *) Q_DECL_OVERRIDE; 27 virtual void paintEvent(QPaintEvent *) Q_DECL_OVERRIDE; 28 29 virtual bool paintInit(QPaintEvent *, QPaintDevice *) = 0; 30 virtual QPainterPath Region(){ return QPainterPath(); }; 31 32 protected: 33 ShapeType m_Type; 34 bool m_MouseDown = false; 35 bool m_IsMoving = false; 36 bool m_IsFirst = true; 37 int border = 5; 38 39 private: 40 QRect getResizeGem(QRect oldgeo, QPoint mousePoint, bool & ignore); 41 42 private: 43 bool m_EnableRepaint = true; 44 bool m_Left = false; 45 bool m_Right = false; 46 bool m_Bottom = false; 47 bool m_Top = false; 48 QPoint m_startPoint; 49 QPoint m_old_pos; 50 QLabel * m_Label; 51 QPixmap m_BufferPix; 52 }; 53 54 class CutRectangle : public CutShape 55 { 56 public: 57 CutRectangle(QWidget * parent = nullptr); 58 ~CutRectangle(); 59 60 protected: 61 //CutShape 62 virtual bool paintInit(QPaintEvent *, QPaintDevice *) Q_DECL_OVERRIDE; 63 virtual QPainterPath Region() Q_DECL_OVERRIDE; 64 }; 65 66 class CutRound : public CutShape 67 { 68 public: 69 CutRound(QWidget * parent = nullptr); 70 ~CutRound(); 71 72 protected: 73 //CutShape 74 virtual bool paintInit(QPaintEvent *, QPaintDevice *) Q_DECL_OVERRIDE; 75 virtual QPainterPath Region() Q_DECL_OVERRIDE; 76 77 private: 78 }; 79 80 class BackgroundWidget : public QWidget 81 { 82 public: 83 BackgroundWidget(QWidget * parent = nullptr, ShapeType type = Round); 84 ~BackgroundWidget(); 85 86 public: 87 void PictureLoadFinished(); 88 89 protected: 90 virtual void paintEvent(QPaintEvent *) Q_DECL_OVERRIDE; 91 92 private: 93 ShapeType m_Type; 94 CutShape * m_CutShape = nullptr; 95 }; 96 97 class PicturePreviewPanel : public QWidget 98 { 99 Q_OBJECT 100 101 public: 102 PicturePreviewPanel(QWidget * parent = nullptr); 103 ~PicturePreviewPanel(); 104 105 public: 106 void LoadPicture(const QString & filepath);//加载图片 107 108 protected: 109 virtual bool eventFilter(QObject *, QEvent *) Q_DECL_OVERRIDE; 110 111 private: 112 void InitializeUI(); 113 void LoadPicture_p(); 114 115 private: 116 QString m_PicturePath; 117 QLabel * m_PictureContainer = nullptr; 118 BackgroundWidget * m_BgWidget = nullptr; 119 };
上述头文件,如果觉得麻烦了也可以不具体细看接口,只要理解了标题1下边的5个类的作用就可以了。下边我分别说下交互图形类、背景色类和显示图片类(即控件基类)这三者直接的一些关系,具体如下:
1、CutShape剪贴图基类 实现了基本的交互功能,并绘制了部分图案,主要的绘制在子类实现,通过实现paintInit接口,该接口在剪切图街基类重新绘制时调用,代码如下:
1 void CutShape::paintEvent(QPaintEvent * event) 2 { 3 QPainter paint; 4 if (m_EnableRepaint && paintInit(event, &m_BufferPix)) 5 { 6 m_EnableRepaint = false; 7 qDebug() << "event->type()" << event->type(); 8 m_BufferPix = QPixmap(size()); 9 m_BufferPix.fill(Qt::transparent); 10 11 paint.begin(&m_BufferPix); 12 QPen pen0; 13 pen0.setColor(QColor(54, 158, 254, 120)); 14 pen0.setWidth(2); 15 paint.setPen(pen0); 16 paint.drawRect(border, border, width() - border * 2, width() - border * 2); 17 18 QPen pen; 19 QVector<qreal> dashes; 20 qreal space = 3; 21 dashes << 5 << space << 5 << space; 22 pen.setDashPattern(dashes); 23 pen.setColor(Qt::white); 24 25 paint.setPen(pen); 26 int x_pos = (int)width() / 3.0; 27 int y_pos = (int)height() / 3.0; 28 paint.drawLine(x_pos, border, x_pos, height() - 2 * border); 29 paint.drawLine(2 * x_pos, border, 2 * x_pos, height() - 2 * border); 30 paint.drawLine(border, y_pos, width() - 2 * border, y_pos); 31 paint.drawLine(border, 2 * y_pos, width() - 2 * border, 2 * y_pos); 32 paint.end(); 33 } 34 paint.begin(this); 35 paint.drawPixmap(rect(), m_BufferPix); 36 paint.end(); 37 }
上边是主要的绘制过程,关于剪切图形的交互功能,我给出具体的大姨妈,就不仔细讲解功能了,代码有些长,如下:
1 void CutShape::mousePressEvent(QMouseEvent * event) 2 { 3 m_startPoint = event->pos(); 4 m_MouseDown = event->button() == Qt::LeftButton; 5 } 6 7 void CutShape::mouseMoveEvent(QMouseEvent * event) 8 { 9 QPoint dragPoint = event->pos(); 10 if (!parentWidget()->rect().contains(mapToParent(dragPoint))) 11 { 12 return; 13 } 14 int x = event->x(); 15 int y = event->y(); 16 if (m_MouseDown) 17 { 18 if (m_Left == false && m_Right == false 19 && m_Bottom == false && m_Top == false) 20 { 21 QPoint p = QPoint((pos().x() + dragPoint.x() - m_startPoint.x()), (pos().y() + dragPoint.y() - m_startPoint.y())); 22 QPoint dragEndge = p; 23 dragEndge.setX(dragEndge.x() + rect().width()); 24 dragEndge.setY(dragEndge.y() + rect().height()); 25 p.setX(p.x() < 0 ? 0 : p.x()); 26 p.setX(dragEndge.x() > parentWidget()->width() ? parentWidget()->width() - rect().width() : p.x()); 27 p.setY(p.y() < 0 ? 0 : p.y()); 28 p.setY(dragEndge.y() > parentWidget()->height() ? parentWidget()->height() - rect().height() : p.y()); 29 move(p); 30 } 31 else 32 { 33 bool ignore = false; 34 QRect g = getResizeGem(geometry(), dragPoint, ignore); 35 if (parentWidget()->rect().contains(g)) 36 setGeometry(g); 37 if (ignore == false) 38 { 39 m_startPoint = QPoint(!m_Right ? m_startPoint.x() : event->x(), !m_Bottom ? m_startPoint.y() : event->y()); 40 } 41 } 42 } 43 else 44 { 45 QRect r = rect(); 46 m_Left = qAbs(x - r.left()) < 5; 47 m_Right = qAbs(x - r.right()) < 5; 48 m_Bottom = qAbs(y - r.bottom()) < 5; 49 m_Top = qAbs(y - r.top()) < 5; 50 bool lorr = m_Left | m_Right; 51 bool torb = m_Top | m_Bottom; 52 if (lorr && torb) 53 { 54 if ((m_Left && m_Top) || (m_Right && m_Bottom)) 55 { 56 setCursor(Qt::SizeFDiagCursor); 57 } 58 else 59 setCursor(Qt::SizeBDiagCursor); 60 } 61 else if (lorr) 62 setCursor(Qt::SizeHorCursor); 63 else if (torb) 64 setCursor(Qt::SizeVerCursor); 65 else 66 { 67 setCursor(Qt::SizeAllCursor); 68 m_Bottom = m_Left = m_Right = m_Top = false; 69 } 70 } 71 } 72 73 void CutShape::mouseReleaseEvent(QMouseEvent * event) 74 { 75 m_MouseDown = false; 76 } 77 78 void CutShape::resizeEvent(QResizeEvent *event) 79 { 80 m_EnableRepaint = true; 81 update(); 82 83 QWidget::resizeEvent(event); 84 } 85 86 QRect CutShape::getResizeGem(QRect oldgeo, QPoint mousePoint, bool & ignore) 87 { 88 QRect g = oldgeo; 89 bool lorr = m_Left | m_Right; 90 bool torb = m_Top | m_Bottom; 91 int dx = mousePoint.x() - m_startPoint.x(); 92 int dy = mousePoint.y() - m_startPoint.y(); 93 ignore = false; 94 if (lorr && torb) 95 { 96 int maxLen = qMax(qAbs(dx), qAbs(dy)); 97 if (m_Left && m_Top && dx*dy > 0) 98 { 99 g.setLeft(dx > 0 ? g.left() + maxLen : g.left() - maxLen); 100 g.setTop(dy > 0 ? g.top() + maxLen : g.top() - maxLen); 101 } 102 else if (m_Right && m_Top && dx * dy < 0) 103 { 104 g.setRight(dx > 0 ? g.right() + maxLen : g.right() - maxLen); 105 g.setTop(dy > 0 ? g.top() + maxLen : g.top() - maxLen); 106 } 107 else if (m_Right && m_Bottom) 108 { 109 if (dx * dy > 0) 110 { 111 g.setRight(dx > 0 ? g.right() + maxLen : g.right() - maxLen); 112 g.setBottom(dy > 0 ? g.bottom() + maxLen : g.bottom() - maxLen); 113 } 114 else if (dx == 0 && dy != 0 115 /*|| dx != 0 && dy == 0*/) 116 { 117 ignore = true; 118 } 119 } 120 else if (m_Left && m_Bottom && dx*dy < 0) 121 { 122 g.setLeft(dx > 0 ? g.left() + maxLen : g.left() - maxLen); 123 g.setBottom(dy > 0 ? g.bottom() + maxLen : g.bottom() - maxLen); 124 } 125 126 return g; 127 } 128 else if (lorr) 129 { 130 if (m_Left) 131 g.setLeft(g.left() + dx); 132 if (m_Right) 133 g.setRight(g.right() + dx); 134 int len = g.width() - oldgeo.width(); 135 int intHight = (int)len / 2.0; 136 137 g.setTop(g.top() - intHight); 138 g.setBottom(g.bottom() + len - intHight); 139 } 140 else if (torb) 141 { 142 if (m_Bottom) 143 g.setBottom(g.bottom() + dy); 144 if (m_Top) 145 g.setTop(g.top() + dy); 146 int dheigt = g.height() - oldgeo.height(); 147 int intWidth = (int)dheigt / 2.0; 148 149 g.setLeft(g.left() - intWidth); 150 g.setRight(g.right() + dheigt - intWidth); 151 } 152 else 153 { 154 ignore = true; 155 } 156 return g; 157 }
2、BackgroundWidget背景色窗口,该窗口作为剪切窗口的父类窗口,但是没有布局,目的就是可以让剪切窗口自由的移动,并保持在背景色窗口之上,当背景色窗口重新绘制的时候,只绘制除剪切窗口以外的部分。这样就实现了剪切窗口是透明的但是其余部分都是半透明的,代码如下:
1 void BackgroundWidget::paintEvent(QPaintEvent *) 2 { 3 QPainterPath painterPath; 4 QPainterPath p; 5 p.addRect(x(), y(), rect().width(), rect().height()); 6 if (m_CutShape) 7 { 8 painterPath.addPath(m_CutShape->CutRegion().translated(m_CutShape->pos())); 9 } 10 QPainterPath drawPath = p.subtracted(painterPath); 11 12 QPainter paint(this); 13 paint.setOpacity(0.5); 14 paint.fillPath(drawPath, QBrush(Qt::black)); 15 }
3、PicturePreviewPanel图片上传控件基类,当图片加载后,需要重置背景色窗口的大小,以便覆盖到图片之上,代码如下:
1 bool PicturePreviewPanel::eventFilter(QObject * watched, QEvent * event) 2 { 3 if (watched == m_PictureContainer) 4 { 5 if (event->type() == QEvent::Resize) 6 { 7 LoadPicture_p(); 8 if (m_BgWidget) 9 { 10 m_BgWidget->resize(m_PictureContainer->size()); 11 } 12 } 13 } 14 return QWidget::eventFilter(watched, event); 15 }
之所以需要重新加载图片是,放置图片因为拖拉而失真,图片的加载的加载代码如下:
1 void PicturePreviewPanel::LoadPicture_p() 2 { 3 QPixmap picture; 4 picture.load(m_PicturePath); 5 if (!picture.isNull()) 6 { 7 picture = picture.scaled(m_PictureContainer->width(), m_PictureContainer->height()); 8 m_PictureContainer->setPixmap(picture); 9 m_BgWidget->PictureLoadFinished(); 10 } 11 }
好了,有了上边的代码之后,这个图片上传空间的基本交互功能就完成了,点击保存截取图片,可以使用剪贴图基类的CutRegion方法获取剪贴的路径,并保存成指定图片格式。效果如图2所示
图2 效果展示
实例代码下载:http://download.csdn.net/detail/qq_30392343/9581238