asp.net 创建Access数据库

/**********************************************************************************

 *
 * 功能说明:备份和恢复SQL Server数据库
 * 作者: 刘功勋;
 * 版本:V0.1(C#2.0);时间:2007-1-1
 * 当使用SQL Server时,请引用 COM组件中的,SQLDMO.dll组件
 * 当使用Access中,请浏览添加引用以下两个dll
 *          引用C:\Program Files\Common Files\System\ado\msadox.dll,该DLL包含ADOX命名空间
 *          引用C:\Program Files\Common Files\System\ado\msjro.dll,该DLL包含JRO命名空间
 * *******************************************************************************/
using System;
using System.Data;
using System.Configuration;
using System.Web;
using System.Web.Security;
using System.Web.UI;
using System.Web.UI.WebControls;
using System.Web.UI.WebControls.WebParts;
using System.Web.UI.HtmlControls;
using System.IO;
using ADOX;//该命名空间包含创建ACCESS的类(方法)--解决方案 ==> 引用 ==> 添加引用 ==> 游览找到.dll
using JRO;//该命名空间包含压缩ACCESS的类(方法)

namespace EC
{
    /// <summary>
    /// 数据库恢复和备份
    /// </summary>
    public class SqlBackObject
    {
        public SqlBackObject()
        {
            //
            // TODO: 在此处添加构造函数逻辑
            //
        }

        #region SQL数据库备份
       /// <summary>
        /// SQL数据库备份
       /// </summary>
       /// <param name="ServerIP">SQL服务器IP或(Localhost)</param>
       /// <param name="LoginName">数据库登录名</param>
       /// <param name="LoginPass">数据库登录密码</param>
       /// <param name="DBName">数据库名</param>
       /// <param name="BackPath">备份到的路径</param>
        public static void SQLBACK(string ServerIP,string LoginName,string LoginPass,string DBName,string BackPath)
        {
            SQLDMO.Backup oBackup = new SQLDMO.BackupClass();
            SQLDMO.SQLServer oSQLServer = new SQLDMO.SQLServerClass();
            try
            {
                oSQLServer.LoginSecure = false;
                oSQLServer.Connect(ServerIP, LoginName, LoginPass);
                oBackup.Database = DBName;
                oBackup.Files = BackPath;
                oBackup.BackupSetName = DBName;
                oBackup.BackupSetDescription = "数据库备份";
                oBackup.Initialize = true;
                oBackup.SQLBackup(oSQLServer);

            }
            catch (Exception e)
            {
                throw new Exception(e.ToString());
            }
            finally
            {
                oSQLServer.DisConnect();
            }
        }
        #endregion

        #region SQL恢复数据库
        /// <summary>
        /// SQL恢复数据库
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="ServerIP">SQL服务器IP或(Localhost)</param>
        /// <param name="LoginName">数据库登录名</param>
        /// <param name="LoginPass">数据库登录密码</param>
        /// <param name="DBName">要还原的数据库名</param>
        /// <param name="BackPath">数据库备份的路径</param>

        public static void SQLDbRestore(string ServerIP,string LoginName,string LoginPass,string DBName,string BackPath)
        {
         
            SQLDMO.Restore orestore = new SQLDMO.RestoreClass();
            SQLDMO.SQLServer oSQLServer = new SQLDMO.SQLServerClass();
            try
            {
                oSQLServer.LoginSecure = false;
                oSQLServer.Connect(ServerIP, LoginName, LoginPass);
                orestore.Action = SQLDMO.SQLDMO_RESTORE_TYPE.SQLDMORestore_Database;
                orestore.Database = DBName;
                orestore.Files = BackPath;
                orestore.FileNumber = 1;
                orestore.ReplaceDatabase = true;
                orestore.SQLRestore(oSQLServer);

            }
            catch (Exception e)
            {
                throw new Exception(e.ToString());
            }
            finally
            {
                oSQLServer.DisConnect();
            }
        }

        #endregion

        #region 根据指定的文件名称创建Access数据库
        /// <summary>
        /// 根据指定的文件名称创建数据
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="DBPath">绝对路径+文件名称</param>
        public static void CreateAccess(string DBPath)
        {
            if (File.Exists(DBPath))//检查数据库是否已存在
            {
                throw new Exception("目标数据库已存在,无法创建");
            }         
            DBPath = "Provider=Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0;Data Source="+DBPath;
            //创建一个CatalogClass对象实例
            ADOX.CatalogClass cat = new ADOX.CatalogClass();
            //使用CatalogClass对象的Create方法创建ACCESS数据库
            cat.Create(DBPath);

        }
        #endregion

        #region 压缩Access数据库
        /// <summary>
        /// 压缩Access数据库
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="DBPath">数据库绝对路径</param>
        public static void CompactAccess(string DBPath)
        {
            if (!File.Exists(DBPath))
            {
                throw new Exception("目标数据库不存在,无法压缩");
            }
         
            //声明临时数据库名称
            string temp = DateTime.Now.Year.ToString();
            temp += DateTime.Now.Month.ToString();
            temp += DateTime.Now.Day.ToString();
            temp += DateTime.Now.Hour.ToString();
            temp += DateTime.Now.Minute.ToString();
            temp += DateTime.Now.Second.ToString() + ".bak";
            temp = DBPath.Substring(0, DBPath.LastIndexOf("\\") + 1) + temp;
            //定义临时数据库的连接字符串
            string temp2 = "Provider=Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0;Data Source="+temp;
            //定义目标数据库的连接字符串
            string DBPath2 = "Provider=Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0;Data Source="+DBPath;
            //创建一个JetEngineClass对象的实例
            JRO.JetEngineClass jt = new JRO.JetEngineClass();
            //使用JetEngineClass对象的CompactDatabase方法压缩修复数据库
            jt.CompactDatabase(DBPath2, temp2);
            //拷贝临时数据库到目标数据库(覆盖)
            File.Copy(temp, DBPath, true);
            //最后删除临时数据库
            File.Delete(temp);
        }
        #endregion

        #region 备份Access数据库
        /// <summary>
        /// 备份Access数据库
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="srcPath">要备份的数据库绝对路径</param>
        /// <param name="aimPath">备份到的数据库绝对路径</param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static void Backup(string srcPath,string aimPath)
        {
          
            if (!File.Exists(srcPath))
            {
                throw new Exception("源数据库不存在,无法备份");
            }
            try
            {
                File.Copy(srcPath,aimPath,true);
            }
            catch(IOException ixp)
            {
                throw new Exception(ixp.ToString());
            }
          
        }

        #endregion

        #region 还原Access数据库
        /// <summary>
        /// 还原Access数据库
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="bakPath">备份的数据库绝对路径</param>
        /// <param name="dbPath">要还原的数据库绝对路径</param>
        public static void RecoverAccess(string bakPath,string dbPath)
        {         
            if (!File.Exists(bakPath))
            {
                throw new Exception("备份数据库不存在,无法还原");
            }
            try
            {
                File.Copy(bakPath, dbPath, true);
            }
            catch (IOException ixp)
            {
                throw new Exception(ixp.ToString());
            }      
        }      
        #endregion
    }
}

===============================================================================================

请添加引用ADOX 

using System.Web;
using System.Web.Security;
using System.Web.UI;
using System.Web.UI.WebControls;
using System.Web.UI.WebControls.WebParts;
using System.Web.UI.HtmlControls;
using ADOX;

/// <summary>
/// file : create access db
/// autor: Wang Yahui
/// createtime : 2008-03-17
/// </summary>
public class CreateDB
{

    /// <summary>
    /// create access db
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="Path">db file path</param>
 public CreateDB(string Path)
 {
        //为了方便测试，数据库名字采用比较随机的名字，以防止添加不成功时还需要重新启动IIS来删除数据库。
        string dbName = Path +DateTime.Now.Millisecond.ToString()+".mdb";

        ADOX.CatalogClass cat = new ADOX.CatalogClass();
        cat.Create("Provider=Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0;Data Source=" + dbName + ";");

        ///创建StudentPaper表
        ADOX.TableClass tbl = new ADOX.TableClass();
        tbl.ParentCatalog = cat;
        tbl.Name = Constant.StudentPaper;

        ///添加StudentID字段
        ADOX.ColumnClass studentID = new ADOX.ColumnClass();
        studentID.ParentCatalog = cat;
        studentID.Type = ADOX.DataTypeEnum.adWChar; // 必须先设置字段类型       
        studentID.Name = "StudentID";
        studentID.Properties["Jet OLEDB:Allow Zero Length"].Value = false;//是否可以为空
        //col.Properties["AutoIncrement"].Value= true;//增加一个自动增长的字段
        tbl.Columns.Append(studentID, ADOX.DataTypeEnum.adWChar, 20);

        ///增加PaperType字段
        ADOX.ColumnClass paperType = new ADOX.ColumnClass();
        paperType.ParentCatalog = cat;
        paperType.Type = ADOX.DataTypeEnum.adWChar;
        paperType.Name = "PaperType";
        paperType.Properties["Jet OLEDB:Allow Zero Length"].Value = false;
        tbl.Columns.Append(paperType, ADOX.DataTypeEnum.adWChar, 1);

        //增加oMRAnswer字段
        ADOX.ColumnClass oMRAnswer = new ADOX.ColumnClass();
        oMRAnswer.ParentCatalog = cat;
        oMRAnswer.Type = ADOX.DataTypeEnum.adWChar;
        oMRAnswer.Name = "OMRAnswer";
        oMRAnswer.Properties["Jet OLEDB:Allow Zero Length"].Value = false;
        tbl.Columns.Append(oMRAnswer, ADOX.DataTypeEnum.adWChar, 255);

        //增加oMRAnswer字段
        ADOX.ColumnClass imageStudentID = new ADOX.ColumnClass();
        imageStudentID.ParentCatalog = cat;
        imageStudentID.Type = ADOX.DataTypeEnum.adWChar;
        imageStudentID.Name = "ImageStudentID";
        imageStudentID.Properties["Jet OLEDB:Allow Zero Length"].Value = false;
        tbl.Columns.Append(imageStudentID, ADOX.DataTypeEnum.adWChar, 6);

        ///设置主键
        tbl.Keys.Append("PrimaryKey", ADOX.KeyTypeEnum.adKeyPrimary, "StudentID", "", "");

        cat.Tables.Append(tbl);

        tbl = null;
        cat = null;

    } // end function CreateDB()  
}

 

如果你创建数据库表时报“类型无效”的错误，请参考下表，对照一下字段的数据类型是否一致：

 

常数	值	Jet 3.51	Jet 4.0	SQL 7.0
adBinary	128	yes	yes	yes
adBoolean	11	yes	yes	yes
adChar	129	yes	否	yes
adCurrency	6	yes	yes	yes
adDate	7	yes	yes	否
adDouble	5	yes	yes	yes
adGUID	72	yes	yes	yes
adInteger	3	yes	yes	yes
adLongVarBinary	205	yes	yes	yes
adLongVarChar	201	yes	否	yes
adLongVarWChar	203	否	yes	yes
adNumeric	131	否	是的 （带有信息) *	是的 （带有信息) *
adSingle	4	yes	yes	yes
adSmallInt	2	yes	yes	yes
adUnsignedTinyInt	17	yes	yes	yes
adVarBinary	204	yes	yes	yes
adVarChar	200	yes	否	yes
adVarWChar	202	否	yes	yes
adWChar	130	否	yes	yes
adDBTimeStamp

转自：http://www.cnblogs.com/daiye/archive/2009/08/31/1557475.html