概述:
服务器接收http请求后,会根据报文创建HttpRequest对象
视图的第一个参数就是HttpRequest对象
django创建的,之后调用视图时传递给视图
属性
path:请求的完整路径(不包括域名和端口)
method:表示请求的方式,常用的有GET,POST
encoding:表示浏览器提交的数据的编码方式,一般为utf-8
GET:类似于字典的对象,包含了get请求的所有参数
POST:类似于字典的对象,包含了post请求的所有参数
FILES:类似字典的对象,包含了所有上传的文件
COOKIES:字典,包含所有的cookie
session:类似字典的对象,表示当前会话
方法
is_ajax():如果是通过XMLHttpRequest发起的,返回 True
QueryDict对象
request对象中的GET,POST都属于QueryDict对象
方法:
get():
根据键获取值,只能获取一个值
www.sunck.wang/abc?a=1&b=2&c=3
getlist()
将键的值以列表的形式返回
可以获取多个值
www.sunck.wang/abc?a=1&b=2&c=3
GET属性
获取浏览器传递过来数据
www.sunck.wang/abc?a=1&b=2&c=3
urls.py
url(r'^get1', views.get1), #结尾不能加$,否则无法匹配
views.py
def get1(request):
a = request.GET.get('a')
b = request.GET.get('b')
c = request.GET.get('c')
return HttpResponse(a + " " + b + " " + c)
www.sunck.wang/abc?a=1&a=2&c=3
urls.py
url(r'^get2', views.get2),
views.py
def get2(request):
a = request.GET.getlist('a')
a1 = a[0]
a2 = a[1]
c = request.GET.get('c')
return HttpResponse(a1 + " " + a2 + " " + c)
POST属性
使用表单模拟POST请求
关闭CSRF:project\project\settings.py
MIDDLEWARE = [
'django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware',
'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware',
'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',
# 'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware',
'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware',
'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware',
'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware',
]
示例:
def showregist(request):
return render(request, 'myApp/regist.html',)
def regist(request):
name = request.POST.get("name")
gender = request.POST.get("gender")
age = request.POST.get("age")
hobby = request.POST.getlist("hobby")
print(name)
print(gender)
print(age)
print(hobby)
return HttpResponse("regist")
路径:
url(r'^showregist/$', views.showregist),
url(r'^showregist/regist/$', views.regist),
页面:
<!doctype html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport"
content="width=device-width, user-scalable=no, initial-scale=1.0, maximum-scale=1.0, minimum-scale=1.0">
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge">
<title>注册</title>
</head>
<body>
<form action="regist/" method="post">
姓名:<input type="text" name="name" value=""/>
<hr>
性别:<input type="radio" name="gender" value="1">男<input type="radio" name="gender" value="0">女
<hr>
爱好:<input type="checkbox" name="hobby" value="power"/>权利<input type="checkbox" name="hobby" value="money">金钱<input type="checkbox" name="hobby" value="beauty">美女<input type="checkbox" name="hobby" value="Tesla">Tesla
<hr>
<input type="submit" value="注册">
</form>
</body>
</html>