python 类

python 类

封装

class Person:
    def __init__(self, name):
        self.name = name             # 姓名
        self.__age = 1               # 年龄，默认为1岁，私有属性
    # 设置私有属性值的方法
    def set_age(self, new_age):  
        if 0 < new_age <= 120:      # 判断年龄是否合法
            self.__age = new_age
    # 获取私有属性值的方法
    def get_age(self):
        return self.__age

继承

# 定义一个表示房屋的类
class House(object):  
    def live(self):   						# 居住
        print("供人居住")
# 定义一个表示汽车的类
class Car(object):  
    def drive(self):  						# 行驶
        print("行驶")
# 定义一个表示房车的类
class TouringCar(House, Car): 
    pass
tour_car = TouringCar()
tour_car.live()   						# 子类对象调用父类House的方法
tour_car.drive()  						# 子类对象调用父类Car的方法

输出同名父类

class Test:
    def handle(self):
        print("这只是一个测试")

class Testagain(Test):
    def  handle(self):
        super().handle()
        print("我刚刚输出我的同名父类方法")

    #def handle(self):
        #print("我要重写父类方法")

a=Testagain()
a.handle()

示例

'''
class  Person:
    def  __init__(self,name):
        self.name=name                  #初始化在class外调用
        self.__age=10                 #不能将私有初始化
    def set_age(self,new_age):              #私有只能在内内部
        if 0<new_age<120:
            self.__age=new_age
    def get_age(self):
        return self.__age


person=Person("小明")
person.set_age(100)
print(person.get_age())

class Cat(object):       #基础类   共有的方法     （父类）
    def __init__(self,color):
        self.color=color
        self.__age=1
    def walk(self):
        print("走猫步")
    def __eat(self):
        print("吃鱼")
    def test(self):
        self.__eat()


class ZheErCat(Cat):
    erduo="折耳"

zheer=ZheErCat('blue')
print(zheer.color)
zheer.walk()
zheer.test()
'''
class Car:
    def __init__(self,color,csfs):
        self.color=color
        self.csfs=csfs
    def introduce(self):
        print("我是一辆车  颜色是%s  耗油量是%d"%(self.color,self.csfs))

car=Car('blue',30)
car.introduce()


class Racing_Car(Car):
    def __init__(self,color,csfs,top_speed):
        Car.__init__(self,color,csfs)
        self.top_speed=top_speed

class Bus(Car):
    def __init__(self,color,csfs,Nuclear_Number):
        Car.__init__(self,color,csfs)
        self.Nuclear_Number=Nuclear_Number

racing=Racing_Car('black',50,20)
bus=Bus('bck',50,60)
print(racing.top_speed)
print(bus.Nuclear_Number)
# bus=Bus('yellow',80)
# bus.introduce()
# print("赛车时速为",racing.top_speed)
# racing.introduce()
# print("公交车荷载人数为",bus.Nuclear_Number)

通讯录示例

class Address_list:
    def __init__(self):
        self.dict={}

    def add(self):
        while True:
            p = input("联系人:  (按q退出)")
            if p.lower() == 'q':
                break
            n = input("联系人电话号码: ")
            self.dict[p]=n
            print(self.dict)
        ob=open('c:/Users/25671/Desktop/contact.txt','a',encoding='utf-8')
        for i,j in self.dict.items():
        ob.write(i+'    '+j)
        ob.write('\n')

    def show(self):
        ob=open('c:/Users/25671/Desktop/contact.txt','r',encoding='utf-8')
        for i in ob.readlines():
            print(i,end='')

    def modify(self):
        new={}
        ob=open('c:/Users/25671/Desktop/contact.txt','r',encoding='utf-8')
        for i in ob.readlines():
            list2 = i.split('   ')
            new[list2[0].strip()]=list2[1].strip()
        print(new)
        name=input('请输入修改对象姓名')
        if name in new:
            newnum = input('请输入新的电话号码')
            new[name]=newnum
        ob=open('c:/Users/25671/Desktop/contact.txt','w',encoding='utf-8')
        for i,j in new.items():
        ob.write(i+'    '+j)
        ob.write('\n')

    def delete(self):
        delete={}
        ob=open('c:/Users/25671/Desktop/contact.txt','r',encoding='utf-8')
        for i in ob.readlines():
            list2 = i.split('   ')
            delete[list2[0].strip()]=list2[1].strip()
        print(delete)
        rm = input('请输入删除对象')
        if rm in delete:
            delete.pop(rm)
            print(delete)
        ob=open('c:/Users/25671/Desktop/contact.txt','w',encoding='utf-8')
        for i,j in delete.items():
        ob.write(i+'    '+j)
        ob.write('\n')

a = Address_list()

a.add()
a.delete()