Spring入门(三)

测试Spring Bean的自动化装配

方式一:使用配置文件方式启动组件扫描

准备一个接口

package soundsystem;
public interface CompactDisc {
    void play();
}

实现准备的接口,使用@Component注解(让Spring容器发现,以创建该类实例)

package soundsystem;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

@Component // 该注解作用:让该类作为组件类,并告知spring为这个类创建bean
public class SgtPeppers implements CompactDisc {

    private String title = "Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band";
    private String artist = "The Beatles";
public void play() { System.out.println("Playing " + title + " by " + artist); } }

 

在上述实现类下创建一个java文件,用@ComponentScan注解标注(默认扫描该java文件所在的包及其子包),并且用Configuration注解()

 

package soundsystem;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

@Configuration
public class CDPlayerConfig {
}

配置文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
  xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
  xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">

  <context:component-scan base-package="soundsystem" />

</beans>

 

测试:用SpringTest,加入jar包,在类文件中注入接口实现类,用@Autowired注解(将该注解指定的bean注入进该实例中使用),类文件上使用@RunWith注解,@ConfigurationContext注解

package soundsystem;

import static org.junit.Assert.*;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(locations="classpath:applicationContext.xml")
public class CDPlayerTest {
    @Autowired
    private CompactDisc cd;

    @Test
    public void cdShouldNotBeNull() {
        assertNotNull(cd);
        cd.play();
    }
}

方式二:用注解方式启动组件扫描

 创建接口与创建接口的实现类方法相同,此处不再赘述

java文件

package soundsystem;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

@Configuration
@ComponentScan // 启动组件扫描,扫描与配置类相同的包
public class CDPlayerConfig {
}

测试文件

package soundsystem;

import static org.junit.Assert.*;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(classes = CDPlayerConfig.class)//需要在CDPlayerConfig中加載配置
public class CDPlayerTest {

    @Autowired
    private CompactDisc cd;

    @Test
    public void cdShouldNotBeNull() {
        assertNotNull(cd);
        cd.play();
    }
}

 

@RunWith:参考https://www.jianshu.com/p/70aee958e980

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posted @ 2019-10-09 11:02  honor的博客  阅读(150)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报