LNMP架构四
php-fpm的pool(连接池)
我们查看php的进程时,会发现,在最后一个pool的选项,而这个就是我们在php-fpm配置文件里写的一个连接池。
[root@bogon linux.com]# vim /usr/local/php-fpm/etc/php-fpm.conf
[root@bogon linux.com]#
[root@bogon linux.com]# ps aux|grep php
root 3068 0.0 0.0 227144 228 ? Ss 2月11 0:10 php-fpm: master process (/usr/local/php-fpm/etc/php-fpm.conf)
php-fpm 3114 0.0 0.0 229228 124 ? S 2月11 0:00 php-fpm: pool www
1.编辑php-fpm配置文件添加新pool命名为linux.com
[linux.com] listen = /tmp/linux.sock #listen = 127.0.0.1:9000 listen.mode = 666 user = php-fpm group = php-fpm pm = dynamic pm.max_children = 50 pm.start_servers = 20 pm.min_spare_servers = 5 pm.max_spare_servers = 35 pm.max_requests = 500 rlimit_files = 1024
2.检查php配置文件,重新加载配置文件,查看php进程发现有连个pool了
为什么要建立多个池子呢?拿www和linux.com两个池子来说,www池子最多可以同时开50个进程,当www进程满了就会报502错误,这个时候linux.com不受影响。
[root@bogon linux.com]# /usr/local/php-fpm/sbin/php-fpm -t [13-Feb-2018 10:28:14] NOTICE: configuration file /usr/local/php-fpm/etc/php-fpm.conf test is successful [root@bogon linux.com]# /etc/init.d/php-fpm reload Reload service php-fpm done [root@bogon linux.com]# ps -aux|grep php-fpm
php-fpm 18117 0.0 0.5 229228 5076 ? S 10:29 0:00 php-fpm: pool www php-fpm 18118 0.0 0.5 229228 5076 ? S 10:29 0:00 php-fpm: pool www php-fpm 18119 0.0 0.5 229228 5076 ? S 10:29 0:00 php-fpm: pool www php-fpm 18120 0.0 0.5 229228 5072 ? S 10:29 0:00 php-fpm: pool linux.com php-fpm 18121 0.0 0.5 229228 5076 ? S 10:29 0:00 php-fpm: pool linux.com php-fpm 18122 0.0 0.5 229228 5076 ? S 10:29 0:00 php-fpm: pool linux.com
3.新建pool,编辑aaa.com.conf配置文件添加支持php配置
[root@bogon vhost]# ls aaa.com.conf load.conf proxy.conf ssl.conf test.com.conf [root@bogon vhost]# vim aaa.com.conf [root@bogon vhost]#
server
{
listen 80 default_server;
server_name aaa.com;
index index.html index.htm index.php;
root /data/wwwroot/default;
location ~ \.php$
{
include fastcgi_params;
fastcgi_pass unix:/tmp/linux.sock;
fastcgi_index index.php;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /data/wwwroot/default$fastcgi_script_name;
}
}
4.查看nginx配置文件可以看到有个include选项,php-fpm也是支持的
[root@bogon conf]# vim nginx.conf [root@bogon conf]#
gzip_types text/plain application/x-javascript text/css text/htm
application/xml;
include vhost/*.conf;
}
5.编辑php-fpm.conf,在global标签下添加include选项
[root@bogon conf]# vim /usr/local/php-fpm/etc/php-fpm.conf
[global]
pid = /usr/local/php-fpm/var/run/php-fpm.pid
error_log = /usr/local/php-fpm/var/log/php-fpm.log
include = etc/php-fpm.d/*.conf
6.将www配置和linux.com配置拆分开,在etc目录下创建php-fpm.d目录并创建两个配置文件www.conf和linux.conf,在配置文件中分别将拆分出来的配置写到里面
[root@bogon conf]# cd / [root@bogon /]# cd usr/local/php-fpm/etc/ [root@bogon etc]# ls pear.conf php-fpm.conf php-fpm.conf.default php.ini [root@bogon etc]# mkdir php-fpm.d [root@bogon etc]# cd php-fpm.d/ [root@bogon php-fpm.d]# vi www.conf [root@bogon php-fpm.d]#
[www] listen = /tmp/php-fcgi.sock #listen = 127.0.0.1:9000 listen.mode = 666 user = php-fpm group = php-fpm pm = dynamic pm.max_children = 50 pm.start_servers = 20 pm.min_spare_servers = 5 pm.max_spare_servers = 35 pm.max_requests = 500 rlimit_files = 1024
[root@bogon php-fpm.d]# vi linux.conf
[linux.com] listen = /tmp/linux.sock #listen = 127.0.0.1:9000 listen.mode = 666 user = php-fpm group = php-fpm pm = dynamic pm.max_children = 50 pm.start_servers = 20 pm.min_spare_servers = 5 pm.max_spare_servers = 35 pm.max_requests = 500 rlimit_files = 1024
7.删除php-fpm.conf配置文件中的www和linux.com配置
8.检查配置,重启php-fpm everyone ok
[root@bogon php-fpm.d]# /usr/local/php-fpm/sbin/php-fpm -t [13-Feb-2018 11:39:14] NOTICE: configuration file /usr/local/php-fpm/etc/php-fpm.conf test is successful [root@bogon php-fpm.d]# /etc/init.d/php-fpm restart Gracefully shutting down php-fpm . done Starting php-fpm done [root@bogon php-fpm.d]#
9.检查服务是否启动,发现一切ok
[root@bogon php-fpm.d]# ps -aux|grep php-fpm root 23264 1.8 0.4 227232 4984 ? Ss 11:39 0:01 php-fpm: master process (/usr/local/php-fpm/etc/php-fpm.conf) php-fpm 23284 0.1 0.5 229256 5080 ? S 11:40 0:00 php-fpm: pool linux.com php-fpm 23285 0.0 0.5 229256 5080 ? S 11:40 0:00 php-fpm: pool linux.com php-fpm 23286 0.0 0.5 229256 5076 ? S 11:40 0:00 php-fpm: pool www php-fpm 23287 0.0 0.5 229256 5076 ? S 11:40 0:00 php-fpm: pool www
php-fpm慢执行日志
如果要做一个php网站,会推荐你用lnmp架构,原因就是可以分析php-fpm慢执行日志。因为在做运维工程师的生涯中,老板或者客户会经常反馈用户网站访问慢,慢执行日志则会记录为什么网站访问会慢。对运维工作是一个很大的帮助
1.针对www做实验,编辑www的配置文件,添加配置
[root@bogon php-fpm.d]# vim www.conf [root@bogon php-fpm.d]#
request_slowlog_timeout = 1 (连接超过1秒则记录日志) slowlog = /usr/local/php-fpm/var/log/www-slow.log (日志存放地址)
2.检查配置文件语法错误重启服务。
[root@bogon php-fpm.d]# /usr/local/php-fpm/sbin/php-fpm -t [13-Feb-2018 13:34:07] NOTICE: configuration file /usr/local/php-fpm/etc/php-fpm.conf test is successful [root@bogon php-fpm.d]# /etc/init.d/php-fpm reload Reload service php-fpm done [root@bogon php-fpm.d]#
3.查看是否生成了www-slow.log
[root@bogon php-fpm.d]# ls /usr/local/php-fpm/var/log/ php-fpm.log www-slow.log [root@bogon php-fpm.d]#
4.查看www.conf 中的php-fcgi.sock被谁用着,可见是被test.com.conf
[root@bogon /]# ls /usr/local/php-fpm/etc/php-fpm.conf /usr/local/php-fpm/etc/php-fpm.conf [root@bogon /]# ls /usr/local/nginx/conf/vhost/test.com.conf /usr/local/nginx/conf/vhost/test.com.conf [root@bogon /]#
文件 /usr/local/nginx/conf/vhost/test.com.conf
location ~ \.php$ { include fastcgi_params; fastcgi_pass unix:/tmp/php-fcgi.sock; fastcgi_index index.php; fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /data/wwwroot/test.com$fastcgi_script_name; }
文件 /usr/local/php-fpm/etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf
[www] listen = /tmp/php-fcgi.sock #listen = 127.0.0.1:9000 listen.mode = 666 user = php-fpm group = php-fpm pm = dynamic pm.max_children = 50 pm.start_servers = 20 pm.min_spare_servers = 5 pm.max_spare_servers = 35 pm.max_requests = 500 rlimit_files = 1024 request_slowlog_timeout = 1 slowlog = /usr/local/php-fpm/var/log/www-slow.log
5.创建sleep.php文件写入sleep,休眠两秒钟
[root@bogon local]# vim /data/wwwroot/test.com/sleep.php [root@bogon local]# <?php echo "test slow log"; sleep(2); echo "done";
6.测试成功
[root@bogon local]# curl -x127.0.0.1:80 test.com/sleep.php test slow logdone[root@bogon local]#
7.在页面查看php报错信息可以开启php配置文件中的display_errors = On
[root@bogon local]# vim /usr/local/php-fpm/etc/php.ini [root@bogon local]#
8.查看慢日志
[root@bogon local]# cat /usr/local/php-fpm/var/log/www-slow.log [13-Feb-2018 14:14:50] [pool www] pid 31212 script_filename = /data/wwwroot/test.com/sleep.php [0x00007f0a9bf742f8] sleep() /data/wwwroot/test.com/sleep.php:3 [root@bogon local]#
open_basedir(将 PHP 所能打开的文件限制在指定的目录树,包括文件本身。)
1.编辑test的配置文件添加配置内容,故意将tese.com写成111.test.com为了测试报错的情况
[root@bogon local]# vim /usr/local/php-fpm/etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf [root@bogon local]#
php_admin_value[open_basedir]=/data/wwwroot/111test.com:/tmp/
2.编辑php配置文件,定义php-fpm的错误日志
[root@bogon etc]# vim /usr/local/php-fpm/etc/php.ini
display_errors = Off (这一行的意思是将你的错误信息是否显示到浏览器上,不能让用户看到,所以一般是off)
error_log = /usr/local/php-fpm/var/log/php_errors.log (添加一行,定义记录错误日志的路径。)
error_reporting = E_ALL (定义日志级别,记录所有错误日志,默认为 ;error_reporting = E_ALL & ~E_DEPRECATED & ~E_STRICT)
3.查看error_log 配置路径
[root@bogon etc]# grep error_log /usr/local/php-fpm/etc/php.ini ; server-specific log, STDERR, or a location specified by the error_log ; Set maximum length of log_errors. In error_log information about the source is ;error_log = php_errors.log ;error_log = syslog error_log = /usr/local/php-fpm/var/log/php_errors.log ; OPcache error_log file name. Empty string assumes "stderr". ;opcache.error_log= [root@bogon etc]#
4.创建错误日志文件,修改权限,防止不能正常写入。
[root@bogon etc]# touch /usr/local/php-fpm/var/log/php_errors.log [root@bogon etc]# chmod 777 /usr/local/php-fpm/var/log/php_errors.log [root@bogon etc]# /etc/init.d/php-fpm restart Gracefully shutting down php-fpm . done Starting php-fpm done [root@bogon etc]#
5.访问报404错误
[root@bogon etc]# curl -x127.0.0.1:80 test.com/sleep.php -I HTTP/1.1 404 Not Found Server: nginx/1.12.2 Date: Tue, 13 Feb 2018 07:38:46 GMT Content-Type: text/html; charset=UTF-8 Connection: keep-alive X-Powered-By: PHP/5.6.30 [root@bogon etc]#
6.查看错误日志(意思是访问的文件不在open_basedir限制的目录)
[root@bogon etc]# tail -2 /usr/local/php-fpm/var/log/php_errors.log [13-Feb-2018 07:38:46 UTC] PHP Warning: Unknown: open_basedir restriction in effect. File(/data/wwwroot/test.com/sleep.php) is not within the allowed path(s): (/data/wwwroot/111test.com:/tmp/)
in Unknown on line 0 [13-Feb-2018 07:38:46 UTC] PHP Warning: Unknown: failed to open stream: Operation not permitted in Unknown on line 0 [root@bogon etc]#
7.修改配置文件改成正确的目录名,编辑配置文件,将111test.com改为test.com
[root@bogon etc]# vim /usr/local/php-fpm/etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf [root@bogon etc]#
8.再次重启php-fpm,测试成功
[root@bogon etc]# /etc/init.d/php-fpm restart Gracefully shutting down php-fpm . done Starting php-fpm done [root@bogon etc]# curl -x127.0.0.1:80 test.com/sleep.php -I HTTP/1.1 200 OK Server: nginx/1.12.2 Date: Tue, 13 Feb 2018 07:49:46 GMT Content-Type: text/html; charset=UTF-8 Connection: keep-alive X-Powered-By: PHP/5.6.30 [root@bogon etc]#
php-fpm进程管理
1.打开一个php-fpm的配置文件。
[root@bogon etc]# vim php-fpm.d/www.conf [root@bogon etc]# [www] listen = /tmp/php-fcgi.sock ;listen = 127.0.0.1:9000 listen.mode = 666 user = php-fpm group = php-fpm pm = dynamic(进程以动态的形式启动,以下是他的配置,可以用静态static,那下面只有pm.max_children一行生效,一直保持50个子进程) pm.max_children = 50(最大子进程数) pm.start_servers = 20(一开始启动20个子进程) pm.min_spare_servers = 5(定义空闲时段,最低不能低于5个子进程,如果达不到,会自动派生新的子进程) pm.max_spare_servers = 35(定义空闲时段,最大值不能超过35个,如果高于35,会开始清理空闲子进程) pm.max_requests = 500(定义一个子进程最多处理的请求数,高于这个数值,它会自动退出) rlimit_files = 1024 request_slowlog_timeout = 1 slowlog = /usr/local/php-fpm/var/log/www-slow.log php_admin_value[open_basedir]=/data/wwwroot/test.com:/tmp/