每日一模块-sqlparse解析sql语句

# PyCharm|1. 基本使用

"""
常见示例：https://vimsky.com/examples/detail/python-method-sqlparse.sql.html
"""

import sqlparse

sql = "select*from fool;delete into * from base_order where order_id='8888888' limit 100;"
# split 拆分包含多个sql语句的字符串为列表，sql语句必须以分号分割
print(sqlparse.split(sql))

# format，sql语句格式化,便于可读
print(sqlparse.format(sql,
                      # 格式化
                      reindent=True,
                      # 大写
                      keyword_case='upper'))

# parse，返回sql解析结果元祖，元祖每个元素对应一个sql语句，解析后的结果也可以通过str生成原始sql语句
stmt = sqlparse.parse(sql)
print(stmt)
# 第一个sql
print(stmt[1])
from pprint import pprint
pprint(stmt[1].tokens)
print(stmt[1].tokens[-1])

进阶使用

# PyCharm|示例-获取sql语句中的表名

#!/usr/bin/env python
#
# Copyright (C) 2009-2020 the sqlparse authors and contributors
# <see AUTHORS file>
#
# This example is part of python-sqlparse and is released under
# the BSD License: https://opensource.org/licenses/BSD-3-Clause
#
# This example illustrates how to extract table names from nested
# SELECT statements.
#
# See:
# https://groups.google.com/forum/#!forum/sqlparse/browse_thread/thread/b0bd9a022e9d4895

import sqlparse
from sqlparse.sql import IdentifierList, Identifier
from sqlparse.tokens import Keyword, DML


def is_subselect(parsed):
    if not parsed.is_group:
        return False
    for item in parsed.tokens:
        if item.ttype is DML and item.value.upper() == 'SELECT':
            return True
    return False


def extract_from_part(parsed):
    from_seen = False
    for item in parsed.tokens:
        if from_seen:
            if is_subselect(item):
                yield from extract_from_part(item)
            elif item.ttype is Keyword:
                return
            else:
                yield item
        elif item.ttype is Keyword and item.value.upper() == 'FROM':
            from_seen = True


def extract_table_identifiers(token_stream):
    for item in token_stream:
        if isinstance(item, IdentifierList):
            for identifier in item.get_identifiers():
                yield identifier.get_name()
        elif isinstance(item, Identifier):
            yield item.get_name()
        # It's a bug to check for Keyword here, but in the example
        # above some tables names are identified as keywords...
        elif item.ttype is Keyword:
            yield item.value


def extract_tables(sql):
    stream = extract_from_part(sqlparse.parse(sql)[0])
    return list(extract_table_identifiers(stream))


if __name__ == '__main__':
    sql = """
    select K.a,K.b from (select H.b from (select G.c from (select F.d from
    (select E.e from A, B, C, D, E), F), G), H), I, J, K order by 1,2;
    """

    tables = ', '.join(extract_tables(sql))
    print('Tables: {}'.format(tables))