mysql导入数据之乱码分析及解决办法
乱码有很多种情况引起,不过通常情况都是由于各种编码不一致问题导致,今天遇到的乱码问题是:文件编码和数据库连接编码不一致的问题导致,由于要添加初始化数据,批量执行,采用source命令,
root@(none) 03:14:49>use test
Database changed
root@test 03:14:53>show create table rule\G;
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Table: rule
Create Table: CREATE TABLE `rule` (
`id` bigint(20) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT '自增主键',
`name` varchar(64) NOT NULL COMMENT '规则名,如:分享',
`status` tinyint(4) NOT NULL COMMENT '状态',
PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=2 DEFAULT CHARSET=gbk;
root@test 03:15:06>show variables like "%character%";
+--------------------------+----------------------------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+--------------------------+----------------------------------+
| character_set_client | gbk |
| character_set_connection | gbk |
| character_set_database | gbk |
| character_set_filesystem | binary |
| character_set_results | gbk |
| character_set_server | gbk |
| character_set_system | utf8 |
+--------------------------+----------------------------------+
7 rows in set (0.00 sec)
root@test 03:17:14>
可以看到客户端连接进来的编码方式是gbk,当我直接使用
root@(none) 03:19:02>source a.sql;
root@test 03:20:45>select * from rule;
+----+--------------------+--------------------------------+
| id | name | status |
+----+--------------------+--------------------------------+
| 1 | 娴囨按 | 0 |
| 2 | 鍏虫敞鎺屾煖鎺ㄦ帹 | 0 |
+----+--------------------+--------------------------------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
root@test 03:20:46>
乱码,为什么?我客户端的连接,表的编码格式是一样的!!
再看下a.sql的编码方式:
$file a.sql
a.sql: UTF-8 Unicode text, with CRLF line terminators
文件是utf8编码,再运行下看看:
root@test 02:35:36>set names utf8;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
root@test 02:35:57>truncate table rule;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
root@test 02:36:04>source a.sql;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
root@test 02:36:08>select * from rule;
+----+--------------------+--------------------------------+
| id | name | status |
+----+--------------------+--------------------------------+
| 1 | 娴囨按 | 0 |
| 2 | 鍏虫敞鎺屾煖鎺ㄦ帹 | 0 |
+----+--------------------+--------------------------------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
root@test 02:36:10>set names gbk;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
root@test 02:36:23>select * from rule;
+----+--------------+--------------------------------+
| id | name | status |
+----+--------------+--------------------------------+
| 1 | 灌水 | 0 |
| 2 | 打酱油 | 0 |
+----+--------------+--------------------------------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
root@test 02:36:25>