如何快速过滤出一次请求的所有日志？

SLF4J日志框架提供了一个MDC(Mapped Diagnostic Contexts)工具类，谷歌翻译为映射的诊断上下文 ，入口调用MDC.put()方法传入请求ID，在出口调用MDC.remove()方法移除请求ID.

MDC在异步线程中不生效,原因是底层采用ThreadLocal 作为数据结构，我们调用MDC.put()方法传入的请求ID只在当前线程有效.

解决方案如下：

可以使用装饰器模式 ，新写一个MDCRunnable类对Runnable接口进行一层装饰。在创建MDCRunnable类时保存当前线程的MDC值，在执行run()方法时再将保存的MDC值拷贝到异步线程中去。

public class MDCRunnable implements Runnable {

    private final Runnable runnable;

    private final Map<String, String> map;

    public MDCRunnable(Runnable runnable) {
        this.runnable = runnable;
        // 保存当前线程的MDC值
        this.map = MDC.getCopyOfContextMap();
    }

    @Override
    public void run() {
        // 传入已保存的MDC值
        for (Map.Entry<String, String> entry : map.entrySet()) {
            MDC.put(entry.getKey(), entry.getValue());
        }
        // 装饰器模式，执行run方法
        runnable.run();
        // 移除已保存的MDC值
        for (Map.Entry<String, String> entry : map.entrySet()) {
            MDC.remove(entry.getKey());
        }
    }
    
}

 

 

public class Main {

    private static final String KEY = "requestId";
    private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(Main.class);
    private static final ExecutorService EXECUTOR = Executors.newSingleThreadExecutor();

    public static void main(String[] args) {

        // 入口传入请求ID
        MDC.put(KEY, UUID.randomUUID().toString());

        // 主线程打印<font style="color: #1e6bb8;word-wrap: break-word;font-weight: bold;border-bottom: 1px solid">日志</font>
        logger.debug("log in main thread");

        // 异步线程打印<font style="color: #1e6bb8;word-wrap: break-word;font-weight: bold;border-bottom: 1px solid">日志</font>，用MDCRunnable装饰Runnable
        new Thread(new MDCRunnable(new Runnable() {
            @Override
            public void run() {
                logger.debug("log in other thread");
            }
        })).start();

        // 异步线程池打印日志，用MDCRunnable装饰Runnable
        EXECUTOR.execute(new MDCRunnable(new Runnable() {
            @Override
            public void run() {
                logger.debug("log in other thread pool");
            }
        }));
        EXECUTOR.shutdown();

        // 出口移除请求ID
        MDC.remove(KEY);

    }

}