Spring详细教程

Spring学习总结----

一、导入Spring必须的jar包

二、简单示例入门注入一个User

1.编写User实体类

package test.Spring.helloworld;

import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

public class User {
    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "User [id=" + id + ", name=" + name + "]";
    }
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
    private int id;
    private String name;
    
}

2.编写Spring配置文件，类型为xml，文件名可以自定义

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans  
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd" 
        >
    
      <bean id="User" class="test.Spring.helloworld.User">
        <property name="id" value="1"></property>
        <property name="name" value="jayjay"></property>
    </bean>
</beans>

3.利用Spring容器创建托管对象User

        ApplicationContext context =new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
        User u = (User)context.getBean("User");
        System.out.println(u);

三、Bean的配置深入

1.bean引用其他bean

实体类示例：

package test.Spring.helloworld;

public class HelloWorld {
    public User getUser() {
        return user;
    }

    public void setUser(User user) {
        this.user = user;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "HelloWorld [name=" + name + ", user=" + user + "]";
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    private String name;
    private User user;
    
    public HelloWorld(){
        
    }
    
    public HelloWorld(String name){
        this.name = name;
    }
}

配置示例：

    <!-- reference other bean -->
    <bean id="HelloWorld" class="test.Spring.helloworld.HelloWorld">
        <!-- <property name="name" value="spring1"></property> -->
        <constructor-arg value="spring2" type="java.lang.String"></constructor-arg>
        <property name="user">
            <ref bean="User"/>
        </property>
    </bean>

调用方法依然是根据bean中的id

2.集合bean配置

实体类示例：

package test.Spring.helloworld;

import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

public class User {
    public Map<String, Integer> getMap() {
        return map;
    }
    public void setMap(Map<String, Integer> map) {
        this.map = map;
    }
    public List<String> getList() {
        return list;
    }
    public void setList(List<String> list) {
        this.list = list;
    }
    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "User [id=" + id + ", name=" + name + ", list=" + list
                + ", map=" + map + "]";
    }
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
    private int id;
    private String name;
    private List<String> list;
    private Map<String,Integer> map;
    
}

配置示例：

    <!-- Configure the list bean -->
    <bean id="testList" class="test.Spring.helloworld.User">
        <property name="list">
            <list>
                <value>list1</value>
                <value>list2</value>
                <value>list3</value>
            </list>
        </property>
    </bean>
    
    <!-- configure the map -->
    <bean id="testMap" class="test.Spring.helloworld.User">
        <property name="map">
            <map>
                <entry key="first" value="1"></entry>
                <entry key="second" value="2"></entry>
                <entry key="third" value="3"></entry>
            </map>
        </property>
    </bean>

3.Properties类型的bean

实体类示例：

package test.Spring.helloworld;

import java.util.Properties;

public class DataSource {
    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Properties [properties=" + properties + "]";
    }

    public Properties getProperties() {
        return properties;
    }

    public void setProperties(Properties properties) {
        this.properties = properties;
    }

    private Properties properties;
    
}

配置示例：

    <!-- configure the properties -->
    <bean id="dataSource1" class="test.Spring.helloworld.DataSource">
        <property name="properties">
            <props>
                <prop key="user">root</prop>
                <prop key="password">1234</prop>
                <prop key="jdbcUrl">jdbc:mysql:///test</prop>
                <prop key="driverClass">com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</prop>
            </props>
        </property>
    </bean>

4.使用Util定义引用其他bean的公共集合

需要先在xml导入命名空间

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans  
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd 
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/util 
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util-4.0.xsd"
        xmlns:util="http://www.springframework.org/schema/util"    
        >    
</beans>

集合以及调用的xml配置

    <!-- if properties of collection are beans -->
    <util:list id="users">
        <ref bean="User"/>
        <ref bean="User"/>
        <ref bean="User"/>
    </util:list>
    
    <bean id="Users" class="test.Spring.helloworld.Users">
        <property name="list">
            <ref bean="users"/>
        </property>
    </bean>

5.使用p简化bean的属性赋值

首先，导入p的命名空间

xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"

实体类实例：

package test.Spring.helloworld;

import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

public class User {
    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "User [id=" + id + ", name=" + name + "]";
    }
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
    private int id;
    private String name;
    
}

配置示例：

    <!-- use p to write the bean quickly and conveniently -->
    <bean id="User1" class="test.Spring.helloworld.User" p:id="2" p:name="jayjay2" />

6.abstract模板bean

设置abstract=true表明此bean是模板bean，为其他bean提供属性值模板

    <!-- template bean -->
    <bean abstract="true"  id="template" p:id="50" p:name="fromTemplate"></bean>
    <bean id="User2" parent="template" class="test.Spring.helloworld.User"></bean>

7.单例bean和原型bean

    <!-- use scope to build singleton/prototype bean -->
    <bean id="User3" parent="template" scope="singleton" class="test.Spring.helloworld.User"></bean>
    <bean id="User4" parent="template" scope="prototype" class="test.Spring.helloworld.User"></bean>

singleton:此bean为单例，在context创建时已经创建，并且只有一个实例。

prototype:当需要时创建实例。

8.静态工厂方法配置bean

静态工厂类示例：

package test.Spring.FactoryBean;

import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

public class StaticFactoryMethod {
    public static Map<String,Person> map = new HashMap<String,Person>();
    
    static {
        map.put("first", new Person(1,"jayjay1"));
        map.put("second", new Person(2,"jayjay2"));
    }
    
    public static Person getPerson(String key){
        return map.get(key);
    }
}

配置示例：

    <!-- static factory method -->    
    <bean id="person" factory-method="getPerson" class="test.Spring.FactoryBean.StaticFactoryMethod">
        <constructor-arg value="first" type="java.lang.String"></constructor-arg>
    </bean>

9.实例工厂方法配置bean

工厂类示例：

package test.Spring.FactoryBean;

import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

public class InstanceFactoryMethod {
    public static Map<String,Person> map = new HashMap<String,Person>();
    
    static {
        map.put("first", new Person(1,"jayjay1"));
        map.put("second", new Person(2,"jayjay2"));
    }
    
    public Person getPerson(String key){
        return map.get(key);
    }
}

配置示例：

    <!-- instance factory method -->
    <bean id="InstanceFactoryMethod" class="test.Spring.FactoryBean.InstanceFactoryMethod"></bean>
    <bean id="person1" factory-bean="InstanceFactoryMethod" factory-method="getPerson">
        <constructor-arg value="second"></constructor-arg>
    </bean>

10.通过实现FactoryBean完成bean的配置

需要对FactoryBean接口的3个方法进行适当重写

PersonFactoryBean类示例：

package test.Spring.FactoryBean;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.FactoryBean;

public class PersonFactoryBean implements FactoryBean<Person>{
    
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    private int id;
    private String name;
    
    @Override
    public Person getObject() throws Exception {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        return new Person(id,name);
    }

    @Override
    public Class<?> getObjectType() {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        return Person.class;
    }

    @Override
    public boolean isSingleton() {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        return false;
    }


}

配置示例：

    <!-- use factory bean to get a instance -->
    <bean id="person2" class="test.Spring.FactoryBean.PersonFactoryBean">
        <property name="id" value="3"></property>
        <property name="name" value="FactoryBean"></property>
    </bean>

四、通过注解配置bean

加上注解的类会被Spring容器管理

@Component

　　　　标注于通用实体类

@Controller

　　　　标注于Controller/Action

@Service

　　　　标注于Service

@Respository

　　　　标注于RespositoryImpl/DaoImlp

@Autowired

　　　　依据类型自动装配

@Qualifier

　　　　指定自动装载的bean的name

1.在Spring配置文件中导入context命名空间，并加入

<context:component-scan base-package="test.Spring.Annotation"></context:component-scan>

表示Spring将扫描test.Spring.Annotation及其子包中所有java文件，并将带有注解的类加入Spring容器进行管理。

例如：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans  
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd" 
        xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context">
        <context:component-scan base-package="test.Spring.Annotation"></context:component-scan>
</beans>

2.模拟三层，并用Spring注解方式注入

项目结构：

Person实体类

package test.Spring.Annotation;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

@Component
public class Person {
    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Person [id=" + id + ", name=" + name + "]";
    }
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
    
    private int id;    
    private String name;
}

PersonController

package test.Spring.Annotation.Controller;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;

@Controller
public class PersonController {
    public void excute(){
        System.out.println("PersonController.excute()...");
    }
}

PersonService

package test.Spring.Annotation.Service;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

@Service
public class PersonService {
    public void add(){
        System.out.println("PersonService.add()...");
    }
}

PersonRepository接口

package test.Spring.Annotation.Repository;

public interface PersonRepository {
    void add();
}

PersonRepositoryImpl接口实现类

package test.Spring.Annotation.Repository;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;

@Repository
public class PersonRepositoryImpl implements PersonRepository {

    @Override
    public void add() {
        System.out.println("PersonRepositoryImpl.add()...");    
    }

}

Main类中测试

package test.Spring.Annotation;

import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

import test.Spring.Annotation.Controller.PersonController;
import test.Spring.Annotation.Repository.PersonRepository;
import test.Spring.Annotation.Service.PersonService;

public class Main {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        ApplicationContext context =new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContextForAnnotation.xml");
        
        //inject the common bean
        System.out.println(context.getBean("testAutowired"));
        
        //inject the repository
        PersonRepository pr = (PersonRepository)context.getBean("personRepositoryImpl");
        pr.add();
        
        //inject the controller
        PersonController pc = (PersonController)context.getBean("personController");
        pc.excute();
        
        //inject the service
        PersonService ps = (PersonService)context.getBean("personService");
        ps.add();
        
        
    }
}

3.泛型三层的注入

Spring配置文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans  
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
        " 
        xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"    
        >
    <context:component-scan base-package="test.Spring.Generic.di"></context:component-scan>
</beans>

BaseRespository

package test.Spring.Generic.di;

public class BaseRepository<T> {
    
    public void save() {
        System.out.println("repository.save()...");
    }
}

PersonRepository

package test.Spring.Generic.di;

public interface PersonRespository {
    void save();
}

PersonRepositoryImpl

继承BaseRepository就不需要再写一次save方法，且同时实现了PersonRepository接口

package test.Spring.Generic.di;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;

import test.Spring.Annotation.Person;

@Repository
public class PersonRespositoryImpl extends BaseRepository<Person> implements PersonRespository {

}

BaseService对Dao进行自动装配，子类继承后装配的是子类Respository

package test.Spring.Generic.di;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;

public class BaseService<T> {
    
    @Autowired
    protected BaseRepository<T> baseRespository;
    
    public void save(){
        System.out.println("service.save()...");
        System.out.println(baseRespository);
    }
}

PersonService继承了BaseService，就不需要再写实现save方法，定义Repository字段了

package test.Spring.Generic.di;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

import test.Spring.Annotation.Person;

@Service
public class PersonService extends BaseService<Person>{
    
}

Main类中调用

package test.Spring.Generic.di;

import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

public class Main {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        ApplicationContext context =new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContextForGeneric.xml");
        PersonService ps = (PersonService)context.getBean("personService");
        ps.save();
    }
}

输出为

第二句说明调用的是继承BaseService的PersonService拿到的Respository是PersonRepositoryImpl，说明泛型注入成功。　　　　

 

 十、使用SpringAOP完成简单的程序

1.导入SpringAOP所需jar包

2.编写spring的配置文件applicationContext.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans  
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd 
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/util 
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util-4.0.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop 
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd
        "
        xmlns:util="http://www.springframework.org/schema/util"
        xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
        xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
        xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"    
        >
    <!-- configure the package for spring to scan -->
    <context:component-scan base-package="test.Spring.AOP" />
    
    <!-- make the aspectj annotation to be used -->
    <aop:aspectj-autoproxy></aop:aspectj-autoproxy>
</beans>

3.创建一个HelloWord接口以及它的实现类HelloWordImpl

public interface HelloWord {
    public int sayHello(int num);
}

@Component
public class HelloWordImpl implements HelloWord{
    public int sayHello(int num){
        System.out.println("hello word");
        return 100/num;
    }
}

4.SpringAOP注释的类型有5种

@Before 前置通知 在方法执行前执行

@After 后置通知 在方法执行后执行

@AfterThrowing 异常通知 在方法抛出异常之后执行

@AfterReturning 返回通知 在方法返回结果之后执行

@Around 环绕通知 环绕着方法执行

5.创建一个切面类（包含@Before @After @AfterThrowing @AfterReturning）

@Component
@Aspect
public class HelloWordAspect {
    
    @Before(value="execution(* test.Spring.AOP.HelloWord.sayHello(..))")
    public void beforeMethod(JoinPoint jp){
        String methodName = jp.getSignature().getName();
        System.out.println(methodName);
        System.out.println("before method execute,args are "+Arrays.toString(jp.getArgs()));
    }

    @After("execution(* test.Spring.AOP.HelloWord.sayHello(..))")
    public void afterMethod(JoinPoint jp){
        System.out.println("after method execute,args are "+Arrays.toString(jp.getArgs()));
    }
    
    @AfterThrowing(value="execution(* test.Spring.AOP.HelloWord.sayHello(..))",throwing="ex")
    public void afterThrow(Exception ex){
        System.out.println("afterThrow"+ex.getMessage());    
    }
    
    @AfterReturning(value="execution(* test.Spring.AOP.HelloWord.sayHello(..))",returning="result")
    public void afterReturn(Object result){
        System.out.println("the result is "+result);
    }
}

6.在主函数调用

public class Main {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContextForAOP.xml");
        
        HelloWord hw = (HelloWord) context.getBean("helloWordImpl");
        hw.sayHello(10);
    }
}

7.调用结果

结果说明，在sayHello方法是被Spring代理执行了，执行前后加上了一些切面类中定义的信息。

8.使用Around环绕通知切面类实现类似效果

 

@Component
@Aspect
public class HelloWordAspectAround {
    @Around(value="execution(* test.Spring.AOP.HelloWord.sayHello(..)))")
    public Object aroundMethod(ProceedingJoinPoint pjp){
        Object result = null;
        String methodName = pjp.getSignature().getName();
        try {
            result = pjp.proceed();        
            System.out.println("the result is "+result);
        } catch (Throwable e) {
            System.out.println("Exception occurs : "+e.getMessage());
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        }
        System.out.println(methodName+" end");
        
        return result;
    }
}

 

十一、SpringAOP整合Hibernate并使用事务(模拟买书的过程)

1.内容准备

①.编写实体类

Book

public class Book {
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
    public int getPrice() {
        return price;
    }
    public void setPrice(int price) {
        this.price = price;
    }
    public int getCount() {
        return count;
    }
    public void setCount(int count) {
        this.count = count;
    }
    private int id;
    private String name;
    private int price;
    private int count;
}

Customer

public class Customer {
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
    public int getBalance() {
        return balance;
    }
    public void setBalance(int balance) {
        this.balance = balance;
    }
    private int id;
    private String name;
    private int balance;
}

②.编写实体类映射文件

<hibernate-mapping package="springaop.model">
    <class name="Book" table="t_book">
        <id name="id" type="int" column="id" >
            <generator class="native"></generator>
        </id>
        <property name="name" type="string" column="name"/>
        <property name="price" type="int" column="price"/>
        <property name="count" type="int" column="count"/>

    </class>
</hibernate-mapping>

<hibernate-mapping package="springaop.model">
    <class name="Customer" table="t_customer">
        <id name="id" type="int" column="id" >
            <generator class="native"></generator>
        </id>
        <property name="name" type="string" column="name"/>
        <property name="balance" type="int" column="balance"/>

    </class>
</hibernate-mapping>

③.编写dao及daoImpl

public interface ShopRepository {
    public int findBookPriceByBookName(String name);
    public void updateBookCount(String name);
    public void updateUserBalance(String name,int price);
}

@Repository
public class ShopRepositoryImpl implements ShopRepository{

    @Autowired
    private SessionFactory sessionFactory;
    
    private Session getSession(){
        return sessionFactory.getCurrentSession();
    }
    
    @Override
    public int findBookPriceByBookName(String name) {
        String sql = "select b.price from Book b where b.name=?";
        Query query = getSession().createQuery(sql).setString(0, name);
        return (Integer)query.uniqueResult();
    }

    @Override
    public void updateBookCount(String name) {
        String sql1 = "select b.count from Book b where b.name=?";
        Query query = getSession().createQuery(sql1).setString(0,name);
        int count = (int)query.uniqueResult();
        if(count<=0){
            throw new RuntimeException("库存不足");
        }
        
        String sql2 = "update Book b set b.count=b.count-1 where b.name=?";
        getSession().createQuery(sql2).setString(0,name).executeUpdate();        
    }

    @Override
    public void updateUserBalance(String name, int price) {
        String sql1 = "select c.balance from Customer c where c.name=?";
        Query query = getSession().createQuery(sql1).setString(0,name);
        int count = (int)query.uniqueResult();
        if(count-price<0){
            throw new RuntimeException("余额不足");
        }
        
        String sql2 = "update Customer c set c.balance=c.balance-? where c.name=?";
        getSession().createQuery(sql2).setInteger(0, price).setString(1,name).executeUpdate();    
    }

}

④.编写service及serviceImpl

public interface ShopService {
    public void shop(String bookName,String username);
}

@Service
public class ShopServiceImpl implements ShopService{

    @Autowired
    private ShopRepository sr;
    
    @Override
    public void shop(String bookName, String username) {
        int price = sr.findBookPriceByBookName(bookName);
        sr.updateUserBalance(username, price);
        sr.updateBookCount(bookName);
    }

}

2.加入Hibernate

①．添加hibernate必须的jar包

 

②．添加hibernate.cfg.xml

<hibernate-configuration>
    <session-factory>
        <!-- 配置hibernate的基本属性 -->    
        <!-- 1.数据源的配置，配置到SpringIOC中，此处不需要再进行配置 -->
        <!-- 2.关联实体的映射文件 .hbm.xml文件也在IOC容器配置SessionFactory实例时配置 -->
        <!-- 3.配置hibernate的基本属性  方言、sql显示及格式化、数据库表生成策略、二级缓存-->        
        <property name="dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5InnoDBDialect</property>
        <property name="show_sql">true</property>
        <property name="hbm2ddl.auto">update</property>
        
        <!-- 配置hibernate二级缓存相关 -->
        
    </session-factory>
</hibernate-configuration>

 

3.加入Spring

①.导入Spring必须的jar包

②.配置Spring的applicationContext.xml及db.properties文件

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans  
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd 
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/util 
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util-4.0.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.1.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.1.xsd             
        "
        xmlns:util="http://www.springframework.org/schema/util"
        xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
        xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"    
        xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
        xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
        >

    <!-- 配置Spring扫描的包 -->
    <context:component-scan base-package="springaop"></context:component-scan>

    <!-- 配置数据源 -->
    <!-- 导入资源文件 -->
    <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:db.properties"/>
    
    <bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">
        <property name="user" value="${jdbc.user}"></property>
        <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"></property>
        <property name="driverClass" value="${jdbc.driverClass}"></property>
        <property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbc.jdbcUrl}"></property>
        <property name="initialPoolSize" value="${jdbc.initialPoolSize}"></property>
        <property name="maxPoolSize" value="${jdbc.maxPoolSize}"></property>
    </bean>
    
    <!-- 配置Hibernete的SessionFactory实例 -->
    <!-- 通过配置Spring提供的LcalSessionFactory -->
    <bean id="sessionFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property>
        <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml"></property>
        <property name="mappingLocations" value="classpath:springaop/model/*.hbm.xml"></property>
    </bean>
    
    <!-- 配置Spring的声明式事务 -->
    <!-- 1.配置事务管理器 -->
    <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.HibernateTransactionManager">
        <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory"></property>
    </bean>
    
    <!-- 2.配置事务属性 -->
    <tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="transactionManager">
        <tx:attributes>
            <tx:method name="*"/>
        </tx:attributes>
    </tx:advice>
    
    <!-- 3.配置事务切点，并把切点和事务关联起来， -->
    <aop:config>
        <aop:pointcut expression="execution(* springaop.service.*.*(..))" id="txPointcut"/>
        <aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice" pointcut-ref="txPointcut"/>
    </aop:config>
    
</beans>

jdbc.user=root
jdbc.password=1234
jdbc.driverClass=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
jdbc.jdbcUrl=jdbc:mysql:///test

jdbc.initialPoolSize=5
jdbc.maxPoolSize=10

4.运行测试

public class test {
    private ApplicationContext context = null;
    
    private ShopService ss = null;

    {
        context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
        ss= context.getBean(ShopService.class);
    }
    
    
    @Test
    public void test() throws SQLException{
        DataSource ds = context.getBean(DataSource.class);
        System.out.println(ds.getConnection());
    }
    
    @Test
    public void test1(){
        ss.shop("Java", "jayjay");
    }
    
    @Test
    public void test3(){
        ss.shop("C", "jayjay");
    }
}

当钱不够的时候，会抛出异常“余额不足”，并且事务回滚；当钱足够时，正常执行。