Zabbix Server参数文件详解
Zabbix的配置文件一般有三种:
- zabbix_server.conf:zabbix server的配置文件
- zabbix_proxy.conf:zabbix proxy的配置文件
- zabbix_agentd.conf:zabbix agentd的配置文件
Zabbix安装完成后,服务端默认的配置文件存在安装文件夹中的etc目录中,假设编译的参数是“--prefix=/usr/local/zabbix”,那么服务端的配置文件则保存在“/usr/loca/zabbix/etc/”目录下。zabbix_server.conf参数除了保证服务正常运行外,还会影响服务器的性能。如果参数设定不合理可能会导致zabbix添加主机不正常、代理端数据无法正常收集或是zabbix服务器性能严重下降,经常报告CPU占用过高或是IO占用过高等问题。本文说明了zabbix server的配置文件中的通用参数和大部分高级参数的具体用法,内容如下:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 128 129 130 131 132 133 134 135 136 137 138 139 140 141 142 143 144 145 146 147 148 149 150 151 152 153 154 155 156 157 158 159 160 161 162 163 164 165 166 167 168 169 170 171 172 173 174 175 176 177 178 179 180 181 182 183 184 185 186 187 188 189 190 191 192 193 194 195 196 197 198 199 200 201 202 203 204 205 206 207 208 209 210 211 212 213 214 215 216 217 218 219 220 221 222 223 224 225 226 227 228 229 230 231 232 233 234 235 236 237 238 239 240 241 242 243 244 245 246 247 248 249 250 251 252 253 254 255 256 257 258 259 260 261 262 263 264 265 266 267 268 269 270 271 272 273 274 275 276 277 278 279 280 281 282 283 284 285 286 287 288 289 290 291 292 293 294 295 296 297 298 299 300 301 302 303 304 305 306 307 308 309 310 311 312 313 314 315 316 317 318 319 320 321 322 323 324 325 326 327 328 329 330 331 332 333 334 335 336 337 338 339 340 341 342 343 344 345 346 347 348 349 350 351 352 353 354 355 356 357 358 359 360 361 362 363 364 365 366 367 368 369 370 371 372 373 374 375 376 377 378 379 380 381 382 383 384 385 386 387 388 389 390 391 392 393 394 395 396 397 398 399 400 401 402 403 404 405 406 407 408 409 410 411 412 413 414 415 416 417 418 419 420 421 422 423 424 425 426 427 428 429 430 431 432 433 434 435 436 437 438 439 440 441 442 443 444 445 446 447 448 449 450 451 452 453 454 455 456 457 458 459 460 461 462 463 464 465 466 467 468 469 470 471 472 473 474 475 476 477 478 479 480 481 482 483 484 485 486 487 488 489 490 491 492 493 494 495 496 497 498 499 500 501 502 503 504 505 506 507 508 509 510 511 512 513 514 515 516 517 518 519 520 521 522 523 524 525 526 527 528 529 530 531 532 533 534 | ############ GENERAL PARAMETERS ################# ### Option: ListenPort # Listen port for trapper. //该参数用于指定服务端的监听端口,用于监听Proxy或Agent的连接请求。 # # Mandatory: no # Range: 1024-32767 # Default: # ListenPort=10051 ### Option: SourceIP # Source IP address for outgoing connections. //该参数用于指定服务端的IP地址。 # # Mandatory: no # Default: # SourceIP= ### Option: LogType # Specifies where log messages are written to://zabbix的日志类型 # system - syslog //写入到系统日志 # file - file specified with LogFile parameter //写入到指定文件 # console - standard output //写入到标准输出 # # Mandatory: no # Default: # LogType=file ### Option: LogFile # Log file name for LogType 'file' parameter. //日志文件的存储路径 # # Mandatory: no # Default: # LogFile= LogFile=/tmp/zabbix_server.log ### Option: LogFileSize # Maximum size of log file in MB. # 0 - disable automatic log rotation. //指定日志文件的大小,单位MB。0表示禁用日志轮转 # # Mandatory: no # Range: 0-1024 # Default: # LogFileSize=1 ### Option: DebugLevel # Specifies debug level: //指定debug级别 # 0 - basic information about starting and stopping of Zabbix processes //关于进程启动和停止的基本信息 # 1 - critical information //关键信息 # 2 - error information //错误信息 # 3 - warnings //警告 # 4 - for debugging (produces lots of information) //调试信息 # 5 - extended debugging (produces even more information) # # Mandatory: no # Range: 0-5 # Default: # DebugLevel=3 ### Option: PidFile # Name of PID file. //pid文件名 # # Mandatory: no # Default: # PidFile=/tmp/zabbix_server.pid ### Option: DBHost # Database host name. # If set to localhost, socket is used for MySQL. # If set to empty string, socket is used for PostgreSQL. //数据库主机名,如果设置为localhost,mysql必须用socket来连接,否则用ip来连接。若该参数为空,默认连接PostgreSQL # # Mandatory: no # Default: # DBHost=localhost ### Option: DBName # Database name. # For SQLite3 path to database file must be provided. DBUser and DBPassword are ignored. //数据库名。对SQLite3来说,必须提供数据文件的路径,DBUser和DBPassword参数可忽略 # # Mandatory: yes # Default: # DBName= ### Option: DBSchema # Schema name. Used for IBM DB2 and PostgreSQL. //模式名。用于DB2或PostgreSQL数据库 # # Mandatory: no # Default: # DBSchema= ### Option: DBUser # Database user. Ignored for SQLite. //连接数据库的用户名,SQLite忽略该参数 # # Mandatory: no # Default: # DBUser= ### Option: DBPassword # Database password. Ignored for SQLite. # Comment this line if no password is used. //连接数据库的密码,SQLite忽略该参数 # # Mandatory: no # Default: # DBPassword= ### Option: DBSocket # Path to MySQL socket. //socket文件的路径 # # Mandatory: no # Default: # DBSocket=/tmp/mysql.sock ### Option: DBPort # Database port when not using local socket. Ignored for SQLite. //数据库监听端口,SQLite忽略该参数 # # Mandatory: no # Range: 1024-65535 # Default (for MySQL): # DBPort=3306 ############ ADVANCED PARAMETERS ################ ### Option: StartPollers # Number of pre-forked instances of pollers. //系统初始化时,预分配子进程数量。数量越多,则服务端吞吐能力越强,对系统资源消耗越大。 # # Mandatory: no # Range: 0-1000 # Default: # StartPollers=5 ### Option: StartIPMIPollers # Number of pre-forked instances of IPMI pollers. //系统初始化时,预分配的使用ipmi协议获取主机硬件状态的进程数量。 # # Mandatory: no # Range: 0-1000 # Default: # StartIPMIPollers=0 ### Option: StartPollersUnreachable # Number of pre-forked instances of pollers for unreachable hosts (including IPMI and Java). # At least one poller for unreachable hosts must be running if regular, IPMI or Java pollers # are started. //系统初始化时,预分配用于探测某些不可达主机的(含IPMI、JAVA)的进程数量;若使用场景中含有代理端,建议保持默认;若Agent较多,可视具体情况调整。 # # Mandatory: no # Range: 0-1000 # Default: # StartPollersUnreachable=1 ### Option: StartTrappers # Number of pre-forked instances of trappers. # Trappers accept incoming connections from Zabbix sender, active agents and active proxies. # At least one trapper process must be running to display server availability and view queue # in the frontend. //系统初始化时,预分配的用于接收zabbix sender提交来数据的进程。 # # Mandatory: no # Range: 0-1000 # Default: # StartTrappers=5 ### Option: StartPingers # Number of pre-forked instances of ICMP pingers. //系统初始化时,预分配的icmp ping进程的数量。若单台代理所管理机器超过500台,建议加大此数值 # # Mandatory: no # Range: 0-1000 # Default: # StartPingers=1 ### Option: StartDiscoverers # Number of pre-forked instances of discoverers. //系统初始化时,预分配的自动发现主机的线程数量。若单台代理所管理机器超过500台,可以考虑加大此数值(仅适用于AGENT场景) # # Mandatory: no # Range: 0-250 # Default: # StartDiscoverers=1 ### Option: StartHTTPPollers # Number of pre-forked instances of HTTP pollers. //系统预分配的用于设置WEB监控进程数,可视具体情况增加或减少此数值。 # # Mandatory: no # Range: 0-1000 # Default: # StartHTTPPollers=1 ### Option: StartTimers # Number of pre-forked instances of timers. # Timers process time-based trigger functions and maintenance periods. # Only the first timer process handles the maintenance periods. //各实例计时器数量 # # Mandatory: no # Range: 1-1000 # Default: # StartTimers=1 ### Option: StartEscalators # Number of pre-forked instances of escalators. # # Mandatory: no # Range: 0-100 # Default: # StartEscalators=1 ### Option: StartVMwareCollectors # Number of pre-forked vmware collector instances. //用于监控VMWARE Esxi主机实例的进程数量,为0则不启用,若要监控ESXI主机,此值最少为1 ;视监控ESXI数量设置对应数值 # # Mandatory: no # Range: 0-250 # Default: # StartVMwareCollectors=0 ### Option: VMwareFrequency # How often Zabbix will connect to VMware service to obtain a new data. //Zabbix连接WMware service获取新数据的频率 # # Mandatory: no # Range: 10-86400 # Default: # VMwareFrequency=60 ### Option: VMwarePerfFrequency # How often Zabbix will connect to VMware service to obtain performance data. # # Mandatory: no # Range: 10-86400 # Default: # VMwarePerfFrequency=60 ### Option: VMwareCacheSize # Size of VMware cache, in bytes. # Shared memory size for storing VMware data. # Only used if VMware collectors are started. //用于缓存VMware数据的共享内存 # # Mandatory: no # Range: 256K-2G # Default: # VMwareCacheSize=8M ### Option: VMwareTimeout # Specifies how many seconds vmware collector waits for response from VMware service. # # Mandatory: no # Range: 1-300 # Default: # VMwareTimeout=10 ### Option: SNMPTrapperFile # Temporary file used for passing data from SNMP trap daemon to the server. # Must be the same as in zabbix_trap_receiver.pl or SNMPTT configuration file. # # Mandatory: no # Default: # SNMPTrapperFile=/tmp/zabbix_traps.tmp ### Option: StartSNMPTrapper # If 1, SNMP trapper process is started. //是否启用snmptrapper功能 ,默认不启用=0,启用=1 # # Mandatory: no # Range: 0-1 # Default: # StartSNMPTrapper=0 ### Option: ListenIP # List of comma delimited IP addresses that the trapper should listen on. # Trapper will listen on all network interfaces if this parameter is missing. # # Mandatory: no # Default: # ListenIP=0.0.0.0 # ListenIP=127.0.0.1 ### Option: HousekeepingFrequency # How often Zabbix will perform housekeeping procedure (in hours). # Housekeeping is removing outdated information from the database. # To prevent Housekeeper from being overloaded, no more than 4 times HousekeepingFrequency # hours of outdated information are deleted in one housekeeping cycle, for each item. # To lower load on server startup housekeeping is postponed for 30 minutes after server start. # With HousekeepingFrequency=0 the housekeeper can be only executed using the runtime control option. # In this case the period of outdated information deleted in one housekeeping cycle is 4 times the # period since the last housekeeping cycle, but not less than 4 hours and not greater than 4 days. //多少小时清理一次数据库的 history, alert, and alarms数据 # # Mandatory: no # Range: 0-24 # Default: # HousekeepingFrequency=1 ### Option: MaxHousekeeperDelete # The table "housekeeper" contains "tasks" for housekeeping procedure in the format: # [housekeeperid], [tablename], [field], [value]. # No more than 'MaxHousekeeperDelete' rows (corresponding to [tablename], [field], [value]) # will be deleted per one task in one housekeeping cycle. # SQLite3 does not use this parameter, deletes all corresponding rows without a limit. # If set to 0 then no limit is used at all. In this case you must know what you are doing! //housekeeping一次删除的数据不能大于MaxHousekeeperDelete # # Mandatory: no # Range: 0-1000000 # Default: # MaxHousekeeperDelete=5000 ### Option: SenderFrequency # How often Zabbix will try to send unsent alerts (in seconds). //指定间隔多少秒后,再尝试发送为发送的报警 # # Mandatory: no # Range: 5-3600 # Default: # SenderFrequency=30 ### Option: CacheSize # Size of configuration cache, in bytes. # Shared memory size for storing host, item and trigger data. //分配多少共享内存用于存储配置信息,HOST,ITEM,TRIGGER数据,视监控主机数量和监控项调整,建议调整到32M或者更大,2.2.3版本之前最大支持2G,目前最大支持8G,一般用不了多少。 # # Mandatory: no # Range: 128K-8G # Default: # CacheSize=8M ### Option: CacheUpdateFrequency # How often Zabbix will perform update of configuration cache, in seconds. //更新系统CACHE频率,若管理页面操作不频繁,可以考虑加大参数值 # # Mandatory: no # Range: 1-3600 # Default: # CacheUpdateFrequency=60 ### Option: StartDBSyncers # Number of pre-forked instances of DB Syncers. //将采集数据从CACHE同步到数据库线程数量,视数据库服务器I/O繁忙情况,和数据库写能力调整。数值越大,写能力越强。对数据库服务器I/O压力越大。 # # Mandatory: no # Range: 1-100 # Default: # StartDBSyncers=4 ### Option: HistoryCacheSize # Size of history cache, in bytes. # Shared memory size for storing history data. //设置划分多少共享内存用于存储采集的历史数据,此数值越大,数据库读压力越小 # # Mandatory: no # Range: 128K-2G # Default: # HistoryCacheSize=16M ### Option: HistoryIndexCacheSize # Size of history index cache, in bytes. # Shared memory size for indexing history cache. //历史数据索引缓存 # # Mandatory: no # Range: 128K-2G # Default: # HistoryIndexCacheSize=4M ### Option: TrendCacheSize # Size of trend cache, in bytes. # Shared memory size for storing trends data. //用于设置划分多少共享内存用于存储计算出来的趋势数据,此参数值从一定程度上可影响数据库读压力 # # Mandatory: no # Range: 128K-2G # Default: # TrendCacheSize=4M ### Option: ValueCacheSize # Size of history value cache, in bytes. # Shared memory size for caching item history data requests. # Setting to 0 disables value cache. //0表示禁用,history value缓存大小,当缓存超标了,将会每隔5分钟往server日志里面记录。 # # Mandatory: no # Range: 0,128K-64G # Default: # ValueCacheSize=8M ### Option: Timeout # Specifies how long we wait for agent, SNMP device or external check (in seconds). <br>//与AGNET、SNMP设备和其它外部设备通信超时设置,单位为秒;若采集数据不完整或网络繁忙,或从管理页面发现客户端状态变化频繁,可以考虑加大此数值。注意若此数值加大,应该考虑参数StartPollers 是否有相应加大的必要。 # # Mandatory: no # Range: 1-30 # Default: # Timeout=3 ### Option: TrapperTimeout # Specifies how many seconds trapper may spend processing new data. //启用trapper功能,用于进程等待超时设置。 # # Mandatory: no # Range: 1-300 # Default: # TrapperTimeout=300 ### Option: UnreachablePeriod # After how many seconds of unreachability treat a host as unavailable. //当Agent端处于不可用状态下,间隔多少秒后,尝试重新连接。建议根据具体情况设置。注意,若此数值过小,若Agent端业务系统繁忙时,有可能造成报警误报 # # Mandatory: no # Range: 1-3600 # Default: # UnreachablePeriod=45 ### Option: UnavailableDelay # How often host is checked for availability during the unavailability period, in seconds. <br>//当Agent端处于不可用状态下,间隔多少秒后,进行状态检查。若出现可正常采集数据,但管理页面AGENT状态不正常、或在网络,端口等均通畅情况下,AGENT状态仍不正常,可以考虑加大此数值 # # Mandatory: no # Range: 1-3600 # Default: # UnavailableDelay=60 ### Option: UnreachableDelay # How often host is checked for availability during the unreachability period, in seconds. //当Agent端处于不可达状态下,延迟多少秒后,进行重新尝试,建议保持默认,在AGENT接入调试阶段,可考虑减少此数值 # # Mandatory: no # Range: 1-3600 # Default: # UnreachableDelay=15 ### Option: AlertScriptsPath # Full path to location of custom alert scripts. # Default depends on compilation options. //自定义告警脚本存放全路径 # # Mandatory: no # Default: # AlertScriptsPath=${datadir}/zabbix/alertscripts ### Option: LogSlowQueries # How long a database query may take before being logged (in milliseconds). # Only works if DebugLevel set to 3, 4 or 5. # 0 - don't log slow queries. //用于服务端数据库慢查询功能,单位是毫秒。若有服务端数据库监控慢查询的需求,可以视具体情况调整此数。 # # Mandatory: no # Range: 1-3600000 # Default: # LogSlowQueries=0 ### Option: TmpDir # Temporary directory. //指定临时目录路径 # # Mandatory: no # Default: # TmpDir=/tmp ### Option: StartProxyPollers # Number of pre-forked instances of pollers for passive proxies. //启用多少子进程与代理端通信,若代理端较多可考虑加大此数值 # # Mandatory: no # Range: 0-250 # Default: # StartProxyPollers=1 ### Option: ProxyConfigFrequency # How often Zabbix Server sends configuration data to a Zabbix Proxy in seconds. # This parameter is used only for proxies in the passive mode. //Zabbix服务端将配置文件数据同步到代理端的频率,仅适用于代理端为被动模式情况 # # Mandatory: no # Range: 1-3600*24*7 # Default: # ProxyConfigFrequency=3600 ### Option: ProxyDataFrequency # How often Zabbix Server requests history data from a Zabbix Proxy in seconds. # This parameter is used only for proxies in the passive mode. //Zabbix服务端请求代理端采集的数据的频率,仅适用代理端为被动模式情况 # # Mandatory: no # Range: 1-3600 # Default: # ProxyDataFrequency=1 ### Option: AllowRoot # Allow the server to run as 'root'. If disabled and the server is started by 'root', the server # will try to switch to the user specified by the User configuration option instead. # Has no effect if started under a regular user. # 0 - do not allow # 1 - allow //是否允许以root身份运行服务端 # # Mandatory: no # Default: # AllowRoot=0 ### Option: User # Drop privileges to a specific, existing user on the system. # Only has effect if run as 'root' and AllowRoot is disabled. //启动zabbix server的用户,在配置禁止root启动,并且当前shell用户是root得情况下有效。如果当前用户是abc,那么zabbix server的运行用户是abc # # Mandatory: no # Default: # User=zabbix ### Option: Include # You may include individual files or all files in a directory in the configuration file. # Installing Zabbix will create include directory in /usr/local/etc, unless modified during the compile time. //某些情况下,软件的参数配置文件很长,为了方便管理,将配置文件切割成N个配置文件,但为了主配置参数文件的简洁,便会启用INCLUDE参数,以方便程序读取指定目录下的所有配置文件 # # Mandatory: no # Default: # Include= # Include=/usr/local/etc/zabbix_server.general.conf # Include=/usr/local/etc/zabbix_server.conf.d/ # Include=/usr/local/etc/zabbix_server.conf.d/*.conf |
【推荐】编程新体验,更懂你的AI,立即体验豆包MarsCode编程助手
【推荐】博客园携手 AI 驱动开发工具商 Chat2DB 推出联合终身会员
【推荐】抖音旗下AI助手豆包,你的智能百科全书,全免费不限次数
【推荐】轻量又高性能的 SSH 工具 IShell:AI 加持,快人一步
· 聊一聊 C#异步 任务延续的三种底层玩法
· 敏捷开发:如何高效开每日站会
· 为什么 .NET8线程池 容易引发线程饥饿
· golang自带的死锁检测并非银弹
· 如何做好软件架构师
· 欧阳的2024年终总结,迷茫,重生与失业
· 聊一聊 C#异步 任务延续的三种底层玩法
· 上位机能不能替代PLC呢?
· 2024年终总结:5000 Star,10w 下载量,这是我交出的开源答卷
· .NET Core:架构、特性和优势详解