Java集合实现
set:
public class BSTSet<E extends Comparable<E>> implements Set<E> { private BST<E> bst; public BSTSet(){ bst=new BST<>(); } @Override public int getSize(){ return bst.size(); } @Override public boolean isEmpty(){ return bst.isEmpty(); } @Override public void add(E e){ bst.add(e); } @Override public boolean contains(E e){ return bst.contains(e); } @Override public void remove(E e){ bst.remove(e); } }
public class LinkedListSet<E> implements Set<E> { private LinkedList<E> list; public LinkedListSet(){ list=new LinkedList<>(); } @Override public int getSize(){ return list.getSize(); } @Override public boolean isEmpty(){ return list.isEmpty(); } @Override public boolean contains(E e){ return list.contains(e); } @Override public void add(E e){ if(!list.contains(e)) list.addFirst(e); } @Override public void remove(E e){ list.removeElement(e); } }
public class Main { private static double testSet(Set<String> set,String fileName){ long startTime=System.nanoTime(); System.out.println(fileName); ArrayList<String> words=new ArrayList<>(); if(FileOperation.readFile(fileName, words)){ System.out.println("Total words:"+words.size()); for(String word:words) set.add(word); System.out.println("Total different words: "+set.getSize()); } long endTime=System.nanoTime(); return (endTime-startTime)/1000000000.0; } public static void main(String[] args){ String fileName="a-tale-of-two-cities.txt"; BSTSet<String> bstSet=new BSTSet<String>(); double time1=testSet(bstSet, fileName); System.out.println("BST Set:"+time1+" s"); System.out.println(); LinkedListSet<String> linkedListSet=new LinkedListSet<String>(); double time2=testSet(linkedListSet, fileName); System.out.println("Linked List Set:"+time2+" s"); } }
文件操作:
import java.io.FileInputStream; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.Scanner; import java.util.Locale; import java.io.File; import java.io.BufferedInputStream; import java.io.IOException; // 文件相关操作 public class FileOperation { // 读取文件名称为filename中的内容,并将其中包含的所有词语放进words中 public static boolean readFile(String filename, ArrayList<String> words){ if (filename == null || words == null){ System.out.println("filename is null or words is null"); return false; } // 文件读取 Scanner scanner; try { File file = new File(filename); if(file.exists()){ FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream(file); scanner = new Scanner(new BufferedInputStream(fis), "UTF-8"); scanner.useLocale(Locale.ENGLISH); } else return false; } catch(IOException ioe){ System.out.println("Cannot open " + filename); return false; } // 简单分词 // 这个分词方式相对简陋, 没有考虑很多文本处理中的特殊问题 // 在这里只做demo展示用 if (scanner.hasNextLine()) { String contents = scanner.useDelimiter("\\A").next(); int start = firstCharacterIndex(contents, 0); for (int i = start + 1; i <= contents.length(); ) if (i == contents.length() || !Character.isLetter(contents.charAt(i))) { String word = contents.substring(start, i).toLowerCase(); words.add(word); start = firstCharacterIndex(contents, i); i = start + 1; } else i++; } return true; } // 寻找字符串s中,从start的位置开始的第一个字母字符的位置 private static int firstCharacterIndex(String s, int start){ for( int i = start ; i < s.length() ; i ++ ) if( Character.isLetter(s.charAt(i)) ) return i; return s.length(); } }
import java.util.TreeSet; public class Solution { public int uniqueMorseRepresentations(String[] words){ String[] codes = {".-","-...","-.-.","-..",".","..-.","--.","....","..",".---","-.-",".-..","--","-.","---",".--.","--.-",".-.","...","-","..-","...-",".--","-..-","-.--","--.."}; TreeSet<String> set=new TreeSet<>(); for(String word:words){ StringBuilder res=new StringBuilder(); for(int i=0;i<word.length();i++) res.append(codes[word.charAt(i)-'a']); //返回指定索引处的字符 set.add(res.toString()); } return set.size(); } }
有序集合中的元素具有顺序性,基于搜索树的实现
无序集合中的元素没有顺序,基于哈希表实现
public class LinkedListMap<K, V> implements Map<K, V> { private class Node{ public K key; public V value; public Node next; public Node(K key, V value, Node next){ this.key = key; this.value = value; this.next = next; } public Node(K key, V value){ this(key, value, null); } public Node(){ this(null, null, null); } @Override public String toString(){ return key.toString() + " : " + value.toString(); } } private Node dummyHead; private int size; public LinkedListMap(){ dummyHead = new Node(); size = 0; } @Override public int getSize(){ return size; } @Override public boolean isEmpty(){ return size == 0; } private Node getNode(K key){ Node cur = dummyHead.next; while(cur != null){ if(cur.key.equals(key)) return cur; cur = cur.next; } return null; } @Override public boolean contains(K key){ return getNode(key) != null; } @Override public V get(K key){ Node node = getNode(key); return node == null ? null : node.value; } @Override public void add(K key, V value){ Node node = getNode(key); if(node == null){ dummyHead.next = new Node(key, value, dummyHead.next); size ++; } else node.value = value; } @Override public void set(K key, V newValue){ Node node = getNode(key); if(node == null) throw new IllegalArgumentException(key + " doesn't exist!"); node.value = newValue; } @Override public V remove(K key){ Node prev = dummyHead; while(prev.next != null){ if(prev.next.key.equals(key)) break; prev = prev.next; } if(prev.next != null){ Node delNode = prev.next; prev.next = delNode.next; delNode.next = null; size --; return delNode.value; } return null; } public static void main(String[] args){ System.out.println("Pride and Prejudice"); ArrayList<String> words = new ArrayList<>(); if(FileOperation.readFile("pride-and-prejudice.txt", words)) { System.out.println("Total words: " + words.size()); LinkedListMap<String, Integer> map = new LinkedListMap<>(); for (String word : words) { if (map.contains(word)) map.set(word, map.get(word) + 1); else map.add(word, 1); } System.out.println("Total different words: " + map.getSize()); System.out.println("Frequency of PRIDE: " + map.get("pride")); System.out.println("Frequency of PREJUDICE: " + map.get("prejudice")); } System.out.println(); } }
public interface Map<K, V> { void add(K key, V value); V remove(K key); boolean contains(K key); V get(K key); void set(K key, V newValue); int getSize(); boolean isEmpty(); }
二分搜索树的映射实现:
public interface Map<K, V> { void add(K key, V value); boolean contains(K key); V get(K key); void set(K key, V value); V remove(K key); int getSize(); boolean isEmpty(); }
import java.util.ArrayList; public class BSTMap<K extends Comparable<K>, V> implements Map<K, V> { private class Node{ public K key; public V value; public Node left, right; public Node(K key, V value){ this.key = key; this.value = value; left = null; right = null; } } private Node root; private int size; public BSTMap(){ root = null; size = 0; } @Override public int getSize(){ return size; } @Override public boolean isEmpty(){ return size == 0; } // 向二分搜索树中添加新的元素(key, value) @Override public void add(K key, V value){ root = add(root, key, value); } // 向以node为根的二分搜索树中插入元素(key, value),递归算法 // 返回插入新节点后二分搜索树的根 private Node add(Node node, K key, V value){ if(node == null){ size ++; return new Node(key, value); } if(key.compareTo(node.key) < 0) node.left = add(node.left, key, value); else if(key.compareTo(node.key) > 0) node.right = add(node.right, key, value); else // key.compareTo(node.key) == 0 node.value = value; return node; } // 返回以node为根节点的二分搜索树中,key所在的节点 private Node getNode(Node node, K key){ if(node == null) return null; if(key.equals(node.key)) return node; else if(key.compareTo(node.key) < 0) return getNode(node.left, key); else // if(key.compareTo(node.key) > 0) return getNode(node.right, key); } @Override public boolean contains(K key){ return getNode(root, key) != null; } @Override public V get(K key){ Node node = getNode(root, key); return node == null ? null : node.value; } @Override public void set(K key, V newValue){ Node node = getNode(root, key); if(node == null) throw new IllegalArgumentException(key + " doesn't exist!"); node.value = newValue; } // 返回以node为根的二分搜索树的最小值所在的节点 private Node minimum(Node node){ if(node.left == null) return node; return minimum(node.left); } // 删除掉以node为根的二分搜索树中的最小节点 // 返回删除节点后新的二分搜索树的根 private Node removeMin(Node node){ if(node.left == null){ Node rightNode = node.right; node.right = null; size --; return rightNode; } node.left = removeMin(node.left); return node; } // 从二分搜索树中删除键为key的节点 @Override public V remove(K key){ Node node = getNode(root, key); if(node != null){ root = remove(root, key); return node.value; } return null; } private Node remove(Node node, K key){ if( node == null ) return null; if( key.compareTo(node.key) < 0 ){ node.left = remove(node.left , key); return node; } else if(key.compareTo(node.key) > 0 ){ node.right = remove(node.right, key); return node; } else{ // key.compareTo(node.key) == 0 // 待删除节点左子树为空的情况 if(node.left == null){ Node rightNode = node.right; node.right = null; size --; return rightNode; } // 待删除节点右子树为空的情况 if(node.right == null){ Node leftNode = node.left; node.left = null; size --; return leftNode; } // 待删除节点左右子树均不为空的情况 // 找到比待删除节点大的最小节点, 即待删除节点右子树的最小节点 // 用这个节点顶替待删除节点的位置 Node successor = minimum(node.right); successor.right = removeMin(node.right); successor.left = node.left; node.left = node.right = null; return successor; } } public static void main(String[] args){ System.out.println("Pride and Prejudice"); ArrayList<String> words = new ArrayList<>(); if(FileOperation.readFile("pride-and-prejudice.txt", words)) { System.out.println("Total words: " + words.size()); BSTMap<String, Integer> map = new BSTMap<>(); for (String word : words) { if (map.contains(word)) map.set(word, map.get(word) + 1); else map.add(word, 1); } System.out.println("Total different words: " + map.getSize()); System.out.println("Frequency of PRIDE: " + map.get("pride")); System.out.println("Frequency of PREJUDICE: " + map.get("prejudice")); } System.out.println(); } }
import java.io.BufferedInputStream; import java.io.File; import java.io.FileInputStream; import java.io.IOException; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.Locale; import java.util.Scanner; // 文件相关操作 public class FileOperation { // 读取文件名称为filename中的内容,并将其中包含的所有词语放进words中 public static boolean readFile(String filename, ArrayList<String> words){ if (filename == null || words == null){ System.out.println("filename is null or words is null"); return false; } // 文件读取 Scanner scanner; try { File file = new File(filename); if(file.exists()){ FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream(file); scanner = new Scanner(new BufferedInputStream(fis), "UTF-8"); scanner.useLocale(Locale.ENGLISH); } else return false; } catch(IOException ioe){ System.out.println("Cannot open " + filename); return false; } // 简单分词 // 这个分词方式相对简陋, 没有考虑很多文本处理中的特殊问题 // 在这里只做demo展示用 if (scanner.hasNextLine()) { String contents = scanner.useDelimiter("\\A").next(); int start = firstCharacterIndex(contents, 0); for (int i = start + 1; i <= contents.length(); ) if (i == contents.length() || !Character.isLetter(contents.charAt(i))) { String word = contents.substring(start, i).toLowerCase(); words.add(word); start = firstCharacterIndex(contents, i); i = start + 1; } else i++; } return true; } // 寻找字符串s中,从start的位置开始的第一个字母字符的位置 private static int firstCharacterIndex(String s, int start){ for( int i = start ; i < s.length() ; i ++ ) if( Character.isLetter(s.charAt(i)) ) return i; return s.length(); } }
测试:
import java.util.ArrayList; public class { private static double testMap(Map<String, Integer> map, String filename){ long startTime = System.nanoTime(); System.out.println(filename); ArrayList<String> words = new ArrayList<>(); if(FileOperation.readFile(filename, words)) { System.out.println("Total words: " + words.size()); for (String word : words){ if(map.contains(word)) map.set(word, map.get(word) + 1); else map.add(word, 1); } System.out.println("Total different words: " + map.getSize()); System.out.println("Frequency of PRIDE: " + map.get("pride")); System.out.println("Frequency of PREJUDICE: " + map.get("prejudice")); } long endTime = System.nanoTime(); return (endTime - startTime) / 1000000000.0; } public static void main(String[] args) { String filename = "pride-and-prejudice.txt"; BSTMap<String, Integer> bstMap = new BSTMap<>(); double time1 = testMap(bstMap, filename); System.out.println("BST Map: " + time1 + " s"); System.out.println(); LinkedListMap<String, Integer> linkedListMap = new LinkedListMap<>(); double time2 = testMap(linkedListMap, filename); System.out.println("Linked List Map: " + time2 + " s"); } }
有序映射中的键具有顺序性,---基于搜索树的实现
无序映射中的键没有顺序性 ----基于哈希表实现