iOS富文本字符串AttributedString具体用法
首先要创建一个带有属性的字符串NSMutableAttributedString
-
NSMutableAttributedString *attrString = [[NSMutableAttributedString alloc] initWithString:@"这是一个富文本字符串"];
-
/* 其他几种创建方法
-
- (instancetype)initWithString:(NSString *)str;
-
- (instancetype)initWithString:(NSString *)str attributes:(nullable NSDictionary<NSString *, id> *)attrs;
-
- (instancetype)initWithAttributedString:(NSAttributedString *)attrStr;
-
*/
如何设置这个字符串的属性
-
- (void)addAttribute:(NSString *)name value:(id)value range:(NSRange)range; // 每次设置一个属性和它对应的值
-
- (void)addAttributes:(NSDictionary<NSString *, id> *)attrs range:(NSRange)range; // 一次可以设置多个属性 属性和属性值以字典键值对形式进行设置
-
// range参数是设置要设置属性的字符串范围
常用的属性都有哪些
- 字体
-
[attrStr addAttribute:NSFontAttributeName
-
value:[UIFont systemFontOfSize:30.0f]
-
range:NSMakeRange(4, 3)];
效果图 -
- 颜色
-
[attrStr addAttribute:NSForegroundColorAttributeName
-
value:[UIColor redColor]
-
range:NSMakeRange(4, 3)];
效果图-
[attrStr addAttribute:NSBackgroundColorAttributeName
-
value:[UIColor redColor]
-
range:NSMakeRange(4, 3)];
效果图 -
- 空心字
-
[attrStr addAttribute:NSStrokeColorAttributeName
-
value:[UIColor redColor]
-
range:NSMakeRange(4, 3)]; // 设置描边颜色 要和NSStrokeWidthAttributeName设置描边宽度一起使用
-
[attrStr addAttribute:NSStrokeWidthAttributeName
-
value:@1.5
-
range:NSMakeRange(4, 3)];
效果图 -
- 间距
-
[attrStr addAttribute:NSKernAttributeName
-
value:@10 // NSNumber
-
range:NSMakeRange(4, 3)];
效果图 -
- 倾斜
-
[attrStr addAttribute:NSObliquenessAttributeName
-
value:@(0.5f) // 正值向右倾斜 负值向左倾斜
-
range:NSMakeRange(4, 3)];
效果图 -
- 拉伸、压缩
-
[attrStr addAttribute:NSExpansionAttributeName
-
value:@(0.5f) // 正值横向拉伸 负值横向压缩
-
range:NSMakeRange(4, 3)];
效果图 -
- 连体
-
NSMutableAttributedString * attrStr = [[NSMutableAttributedString alloc] initWithString:@"'flush' is a string!"];
-
[attrStr addAttribute:NSLigatureAttributeName
-
value:@1
-
range:NSMakeRange(1, 5)];
-
[attrStr addAttribute:NSFontAttributeName
-
value:[UIFont fontWithName:@"futura" size:30]
-
range:NSMakeRange(1, 5)];
-
![](http://upload-images.jianshu.io/upload_images/1208202-4ff444510b93859b.png?imageMogr2/auto-orient/strip%7CimageView2/2/w/1240)
效果图(注意fl两个字母的连接效果)
-
基线偏移量
-
[attrStr addAttribute:NSBaselineOffsetAttributeName
-
value:@(10) // 正值上偏 负值下偏
-
range:NSMakeRange(4, 3)];
效果图 -
-
阴影
-
NSShadow *shadow = [[NSShadow alloc] init]; // NSShadow只有3个属性:阴影颜色,模糊半径和偏移
-
shadow.shadowOffset = CGSizeMake(3, 3); // 阴影偏移(X方向偏移和Y方向偏移)
-
shadow.shadowBlurRadius = 1.5; // 模糊半径
-
shadow.shadowColor = [UIColor redColor]; // 阴影颜色
-
[attrStr addAttribute:NSShadowAttributeName
-
value:shadow
-
range:NSMakeRange(4, 3)];
效果图 -
- 特殊效果
-
[attrStr addAttribute:NSTextEffectAttributeName
-
value:NSTextEffectLetterpressStyle // NSString类型 目前只有NSTextEffectLetterpressStyle(凸版印刷效果)可用
-
range:NSMakeRange(4, 3)];
效果图 -
- 书写方向
-
[attrStr addAttribute:NSWritingDirectionAttributeName
-
value:@[@(NSWritingDirectionRightToLeft | NSWritingDirectionOverride)]
-
range:NSMakeRange(0, attrStr.length)];
效果图-
//NSWritingDirectionAttributeName 设置文字书写方向,取值为以下组合
-
// iOS9.0以前
-
//@[@(NSWritingDirectionLeftToRight | NSTextWritingDirectionEmbedding)]
-
//@[@(NSWritingDirectionLeftToRight | NSTextWritingDirectionOverride)]
-
//@[@(NSWritingDirectionRightToLeft | NSTextWritingDirectionEmbedding)]
-
//@[@(NSWritingDirectionRightToLeft | NSTextWritingDirectionOverride)]
-
// iOS9.0以后
-
//@[@(NSWritingDirectionLeftToRight | NSWritingDirectionEmbedding)]
-
//@[@(NSWritingDirectionLeftToRight | NSWritingDirectionOverride)]
-
//@[@(NSWritingDirectionRightToLeft | NSWritingDirectionEmbedding)]
-
//@[@(NSWritingDirectionRightToLeft | NSWritingDirectionOverride)]
-
// NSWritingDirectionOverride 和 NSWritingDirectionEmbedding 是指定Unicode双向定义的格式控制算法(具体的没太搞清楚)
-
- 横、竖排版
-
[attrStr addAttribute:NSVerticalGlyphFormAttributeName
-
value:@0 // 0横向排版 1竖向排版 iOS中除了0以外都未定义,所以都为横向排版
-
range:NSMakeRange(0, attrStr.length)];
-
-
下划线
-
[attrStr addAttribute:NSUnderlineStyleAttributeName
-
value:@(NSUnderlineStyleSingle)
-
range:NSMakeRange(4, 3)];
效果图-
[attrStr addAttribute:NSUnderlineColorAttributeName
-
value:[UIColor redColor]
-
range:NSMakeRange(4, 3)];
效果图-
typedef NS_ENUM(NSInteger, NSUnderlineStyle) {
-
NSUnderlineStyleNone = 0x00,
-
NSUnderlineStyleSingle = 0x01,
-
NSUnderlineStyleThick NS_ENUM_AVAILABLE(10_0, 7_0) = 0x02,
-
NSUnderlineStyleDouble NS_ENUM_AVAILABLE(10_0, 7_0) = 0x09,
-
NSUnderlinePatternSolid NS_ENUM_AVAILABLE(10_0, 7_0) = 0x0000,
-
NSUnderlinePatternDot NS_ENUM_AVAILABLE(10_0, 7_0) = 0x0100,
-
NSUnderlinePatternDash NS_ENUM_AVAILABLE(10_0, 7_0) = 0x0200,
-
NSUnderlinePatternDashDot NS_ENUM_AVAILABLE(10_0, 7_0) = 0x0300,
-
NSUnderlinePatternDashDotDot NS_ENUM_AVAILABLE(10_0, 7_0) = 0x0400,
-
-
NSUnderlineByWord NS_ENUM_AVAILABLE(10_0, 7_0) = 0x8000
-
} NS_ENUM_AVAILABLE(10_0, 6_0);
-
-
删除线
-
[attrStr addAttribute:NSStrikethroughStyleAttributeName
-
value:@(NSUnderlinePatternSolid | NSUnderlineStyleSingle)
-
range:NSMakeRange(4, 3)];
效果图-
[attrStr addAttribute:NSStrikethroughColorAttributeName
-
value:[UIColor redColor]
-
range:NSMakeRange(4, 3)];
效果图 -
- 网址
-
NSMutableAttributedString * attrStr = [[NSMutableAttributedString alloc] initWithString:@"这是一个网址http://www.jianshu.com/users/37f2920f6848字符串!"];
-
[attrStr addAttribute:NSLinkAttributeName
-
value:@"http://www.jianshu.com/users/37f2920f6848"
-
range:NSMakeRange(6, attrStr.length -6 -4)];
-
// label显示出来的连接是点击不了的 textView的是可以的 有响应的回调函数shouldInteractWithURL
效果图 -
- 图文混排
-
NSMutableAttributedString * attrStr = [[NSMutableAttributedString alloc] initWithString:@"这是一个富文本字符串!"];
-
// 创建一个文字附件对象
-
NSTextAttachment *textAttachment = [[NSTextAttachment alloc] init];
-
textAttachment.image = [UIImage imageNamed:@"11.png"]; //设置图片源
-
textAttachment.bounds = CGRectMake(0, -6, 30, 30); //设置图片位置和大小
-
// 将文字附件转换成属性字符串
-
NSAttributedString *attachmentAttrStr = [NSAttributedString attributedStringWithAttachment:textAttachment];
-
// 将转换成属性字符串插入到目标字符串
-
[attrStr insertAttributedString:attachmentAttrStr atIndex:8];
效果图 -
- 段落
-
NSMutableParagraphStyle *paragraphStyle = [[NSMutableParagraphStyle alloc] init];
-
// 行间距
-
paragraphStyle.lineSpacing = 15.f;
-
// 段落间距
-
paragraphStyle.paragraphSpacing = 30.f;
-
// 段落缩进像素
-
paragraphStyle.firstLineHeadIndent = 40.f;
-
// 整体缩进像素
-
paragraphStyle.headIndent = 15.f;
-
// 对齐方式
-
paragraphStyle.alignment = NSTextAlignmentLeft;
-
// 其他属性请自行查阅NSMutableParagraphStyle头文件
-
NSMutableAttributedString * attrStr = [[NSMutableAttributedString alloc] initWithString:@"这是一个富文本字符串。\n这是一个富文本字符串?\n这是一个富文本字符串!"];
-
[attrStr addAttribute:NSParagraphStyleAttributeName
-
value:paragraphStyle
-
range:NSMakeRange(0, attrStr.length)];
效果图
-