编程打卡: C++ 语言程序设计: 继承与派生: 习题

编程打卡: C++ 语言程序设计: 继承与派生: 习题

人与学生

问题分析

创建两个类，people 类有两个保护数据成员 age name，行为成员，两个构造函数，一默认，一个有参数，一个设置函数，一个输出函数。student类公有继承people类，有私有数据成员，学号，行为成员，两个构造函数，一个默认，一个有参数，一个设置函数，一个输出函数。在主函数中创建学生，分别调用设置函数和输出函数。

代码实现

#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <utility>
using namespace std;
class Student;
class People;
class People {
protected:
    int age;
    string name;
public:
    People();
    People(int a, string str);
    void setValue(int a, string str);
    void display();
};
class Student:public People{
protected:
    int id;
public:
    Student();
    Student(int a,string str,int b);
    void setID(int a);
    void displayID() const;
};
People::People() {
    age = 0;
    name = "";
}
People::People(int a, std::string str) {
    age = a;
    name = std::move(str);
}
void People::setValue(int a, std::string str) {
    age = a;
    name = std::move(str);
}
void People::display() {
    cout << "name: " << name << endl << "age: " << age << endl;
}
Student::Student() {
    age = 0;
    name = "";
    id = 0;
}
Student::Student(int a, std::string str, int b) {
    age = a;
    name = std::move(str);
    id = b;
}
void Student::setID(int a) {
    id = a;
}
void Student::displayID() const {
    cout << "id: " << id << endl;
}

int main () {
    Student stu1 (17,"Jack",2022);
    Student stu2;
    stu2.setValue(19,"Dick");
    stu2.setID(2023);
    stu1.display();
    stu1.displayID();
    stu2.display();
    stu2.displayID();
}

运行结果

name: Jack
age: 17
id: 2022
name: Dick
age: 19
id: 2023

多继承

问题分析

学生具有姓名，班级，学号等属性，有上课等行为；教师具有工号，工资等属性，有教课等行为；助教既是学生，又是老师，具有学生和老师的双重属性。

代码实现

#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <utility>

using namespace std;
class Student;
class Teacher;
class Student   {
protected:
    string name;
    int stu_ID;
    int stu_class;
public:
    Student():stu_ID(0),stu_class(0){};
    Student(string n,int a,int b):name(std::move(n)),stu_ID(a),stu_class(b){};
    void attend_class ();
};
class Teacher   {
protected:
    string name;
    int tea_ID;
    int salary;
public:
    Teacher():tea_ID(0),salary(0){};
    Teacher(string n,int a,int b):name(std::move(n)),tea_ID(a),salary(b){};
    void teaching();
};
class TA:public Student,public Teacher {
public:
    TA(): Student(), Teacher() {};
    TA(string n,int a,int b,int c,int d): Student(n,a,b), Teacher(n,c,d){};
};
void Student::attend_class() {
    cout << stu_ID << " " << name << " from class " << stu_class << " attend class!" << endl;
}
void Teacher::teaching()  {
    cout << tea_ID << " " << name <<  " teaching salary: " << salary << endl;
}
int main () {
    TA ta1("Dick",2022,1,2022,2000);
    ta1.teaching();
    ta1.attend_class();
}

运行结果

2022 Dick teaching salary: 2000
2022 Dick from class 1 attend class!

虚基类应用

问题分析

编写动物类animal，受保护数据成员name（名称，string），age（年龄，int），公有函数成员void show()，输出“Animal, 名称, 年龄”；公有派生鱼类fish和兽类beast，鱼类增加受保护数据成员velocity（速度，int），公有函数成员void show()，输出“Fish, 名称, 年龄, 速度”；兽类增加受保护数据成员appetite（食量，int），公有函数成员void show()，输出“Beast, 名称, 年龄, 食量”；鱼类和兽类再公有派生两栖动物类amphibious，无添加数据成员，有公有函数成员void show()，输出 “Fish, 名称, 年龄, 速度”（第一行），“Beast, 名称, 年龄, 食量”（第二行）。每个类均有一个构造函数用于设置该类所有数据成员的属性值。

代码实现

#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <utility>
using namespace std;
class Animal    {
protected:
    string  name;
    int age;
public:
    Animal() {};
    Animal(string name1, int age1): name(std::move(name1)), age(age1){}
 void Show() {
        cout << "Animal," << name << "," << age << endl;
    }
};
class Fish :virtual public Animal{
protected:
    int velocity;
public:
    Fish(string name1,int age1, int velocity1): Animal(std::move(name1),age1), velocity(velocity1){};
    void Show() {
        cout << "Fish," << name << "," << age << "," << velocity << endl;
    }
};
class Beast :virtual public Animal{
protected:
    int appetite;
public:
    Beast(string name1,int age1, int appetite1): Animal(std::move(name1),age1), appetite(appetite1){};
    void Show() {
        cout << "Beast," << name << "," << age << "," << appetite << endl;
    }
};
class Amphibious: public Fish, public Beast {
public:
    Amphibious(string name1,int age1,int velocity1, int appetite1):Animal(name1,age1), Fish(name1,age1,velocity1),Beast(name1,age1,appetite1){};
    void Show() {
        Fish::Show();
        Beast::Show();
    }
};
int main () {
    string s1,s2;
    int a1,a2,v1,v2,ap1,ap2;
    cin >> s1 >> s2 >> a1 >> a2 >> v1 >> v2 >> ap1 >> ap2;
    Amphibious am1(s1,a1,v1,ap1);
    Amphibious am2(s2,a2,v2,ap2);
    am1.Show();
    am2.Show();
}

运行结果

输入

Joe Dick 12 13 50 40 30 60

输出

Fish,Joe,12,50
Beast,Joe,12,30
Fish,Dick,13,40
Beast,Dick,13,60

以上