How draw a background map in Pajek

In pajek book, it describe a amazing picture for city connection in the world. It integrates the SNA and GIS, which can presents more information. I want to get it.

After I read it very detailed, I find it is very unconveninent to do it. In the probe process, I still find some knowledge I ignore before.

P17:

• 1.3.4.1 Automatic Drawing
  • Layout>Energy>Starting positions
    • relocation technique limitations
      • results depend on the starting positions of vertices
      • it stops if improvement is relatively small. Manual improvements can b made.
    • take the following advice to heart:
      • never rely on one run of an energy command.
  • energy command
    • Kamada–Kawai
      • produces regularly spaced results, especially for connected networks that are not very large
      • less than five hundred vertices.
    • Fruchterman Reingold
      • faster and works with larger networks.
      • Factor specify the optimal distance between vertices in a drawing energized, the default is 1
      • Try a smaller distance if the center of the drawing is quite empty, but try a higher distance if the center is too crowded.
  • advise
    • starting with Fruchterman Reingold and using several optimal distances until a stable result appears.
    • improved using Kamada–Kawai with the actual location of vertices as starting positions.
    • improve the drawing bymanual editing
      • Use themouse to drag individual vertices fromone position to another.
      • Move>Fix, Grid,Circles
      • zoom in on the drawing by pressing the right mouse button and dragging a rectangle over the area that you want to enlarge
      • GraphOnly
        • This option speeds up automatic layout of a network, which is particularly helpful for drawing large networks